Merchandise trade as a proportion of GDP (%) by country
Countries reporting
220
Highest
258.1%
Djibouti
Lowest
8.3%
Cuba
Median
55.4%
Years covered
25
2000–2024
Data points
6,207
What the numbers show
Merchandise trade as a proportion of GDP (%) is currently reported for 220 countries. The highest value is 258.1% in Djibouti; the lowest is 8.3% in Cuba.
The median across all reporting countries is 55.4%, and the mean is 63.2%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 31.
Over the past decade 85 countries rose and 134 fell. The largest increase was in Djibouti (up 514.9%), and the largest decrease in Cuba (down 69.8%).
Merchandise trade as a proportion of GDP (%): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Djibouti | 258.1% | 2024 | up 514.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Slovenia | 223.9% | 2024 | up 58.6% | rising |
| 3 | United Arab Emirates | 207.8% | 2024 | up 42.6% | rising |
| 4 | Singapore | 176.2% | 2024 | down 30.1% | falling |
| 5 | Vietnam | 164.9% | 2024 | up 29.1% | rising |
| 5 | Viet Nam | 164.9% | 2024 | up 29.1% | rising |
| 7 | Slovakia | 162.2% | 2024 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 8 | Belgium | 156.4% | 2024 | down 9.1% | rising |
| 9 | Malaysia | 149.4% | 2024 | up 14.1% | falling |
| 10 | Czechia | 143.0% | 2024 | down 8.4% | rising |
| 11 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 142.8% | 2024 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 12 | Hungary | 137.4% | 2024 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 13 | Lesotho | 125.3% | 2024 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 14 | Brunei | 120.8% | 2024 | up 46.5% | rising |
| 14 | Brunei Darussalam | 120.8% | 2024 | up 46.5% | rising |
| 16 | North Macedonia | 120.3% | 2024 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 17 | Cambodia | 119.4% | 2024 | up 50.1% | rising |
| 18 | American Samoa | 117.7% | 2022 | down 7.9% | falling |
| 19 | Kiribati | 116.6% | 2024 | up 99.6% | rising |
| 20 | Armenia | 116.2% | 2024 | up 127.9% | rising |
| 21 | Namibia | 115.4% | 2024 | up 9.2% | rising |
| 22 | Thailand | 115.3% | 2024 | up 3.2% | flat |
| 23 | Mongolia | 115.1% | 2024 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 24 | Belarus | 113.2% | 2024 | up 16.5% | falling |
| 25 | Laos | 109.4% | 2024 | up 109.5% | rising |
| 25 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 109.4% | 2024 | up 109.5% | rising |
| 27 | Guyana | 107.9% | 2024 | up 50.6% | falling |
| 28 | Latvia | 101.6% | 2024 | down 5.8% | rising |
| 29 | Micronesia (Federated States of) | 101.2% | 2024 | up 64.6% | rising |
| 30 | Lithuania | 99.5% | 2024 | down 27.9% | rising |
| 31 | Oman | 99.4% | 2024 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 32 | Libya | 98.1% | 2024 | up 9.4% | rising |
| 33 | Nicaragua | 96.4% | 2024 | down 5.1% | rising |
| 34 | Estonia | 95.7% | 2024 | down 24.6% | falling |
| 35 | Seychelles | 92.4% | 2024 | down 23.9% | flat |
| 36 | Kyrgyzstan | 91.8% | 2024 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 37 | Eswatini | 90.5% | 2024 | up 5.0% | falling |
| 38 | Tunisia | 89.6% | 2024 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 39 | Bulgaria | 88.6% | 2024 | down 20.9% | rising |
| 40 | Zambia | 88.5% | 2024 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 41 | Switzerland | 87.1% | 2024 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 42 | Bahrain | 84.7% | 2024 | down 9.0% | falling |
| 43 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 83.5% | 2024 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 44 | Congo | 83.2% | 2024 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 45 | Poland | 82.7% | 2024 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 46 | Mauritania | 82.1% | 2024 | down 6.3% | rising |
| 47 | Serbia | 81.9% | 2024 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 48 | Gabon | 81.8% | 2024 | down 36.5% | rising |
| 49 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 81.5% | 2024 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 50 | Lebanon | 81.2% | 2024 | up 46.7% | rising |
| 51 | Faroe Islands | 80.6% | 2017 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 52 | Austria | 79.6% | 2024 | down 3.1% | rising |
| 53 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 79.6% | 2024 | up 103.5% | rising |
| 54 | Micronesia | 79.5% | 2024 | up 150.6% | volatile |
| 55 | Solomon Islands | 78.7% | 2024 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 56 | Honduras | 77.7% | 2024 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 57 | Croatia | 77.2% | 2024 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 58 | Mozambique | 76.6% | 2024 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 59 | Jordan | 75.4% | 2024 | down 11.3% | falling |
| 60 | Morocco | 75.3% | 2024 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 61 | Gambia | 73.6% | 2024 | up 76.6% | rising |
| 62 | Suriname | 71.6% | 2024 | down 8.4% | rising |
| 63 | Curacao | 71.5% | 2024 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 63 | Curaçao | 71.5% | 2024 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 65 | Fiji | 70.9% | 2024 | down 25.6% | falling |
| 66 | Kuwait | 70.6% | 2024 | down 13.8% | flat |
| 67 | South Korea | 70.1% | 2024 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 67 | Republic of Korea | 70.1% | 2024 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 69 | Moldova | 69.3% | 2024 | down 14.9% | falling |
| 69 | Republic of Moldova | 69.3% | 2024 | down 14.9% | falling |
| 71 | Cabo Verde | 68.9% | 2024 | up 65.8% | rising |
| 72 | Georgia | 68.6% | 2024 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 73 | Mexico | 67.9% | 2024 | up 14.7% | rising |
| 74 | Iraq | 67.4% | 2024 | up 6.9% | falling |
| 75 | Germany | 66.2% | 2024 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 76 | Bhutan | 65.6% | 2024 | down 9.6% | falling |
| 77 | Rwanda | 64.8% | 2024 | up 67.1% | rising |
| 78 | Portugal | 64.5% | 2024 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 79 | Azerbaijan | 64.1% | 2024 | up 28.7% | falling |
| 80 | Sweden | 63.8% | 2024 | up 12.7% | flat |
| 81 | El Salvador | 63.4% | 2024 | down 9.4% | flat |
| 82 | Paraguay | 63.2% | 2024 | up 17.0% | flat |
| 83 | Ireland | 63.2% | 2024 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 84 | Tajikistan | 63.1% | 2024 | up 9.0% | falling |
| 85 | Guinea | 62.9% | 2024 | up 24.4% | rising |
| 86 | Liberia | 62.2% | 2024 | down 17.9% | rising |
| 87 | Romania | 61.9% | 2024 | down 16.2% | rising |
| 88 | Mauritius | 61.7% | 2024 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 89 | Montenegro | 61.2% | 2024 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 90 | Botswana | 61.0% | 2024 | down 43.2% | falling |
| 91 | Trinidad and Tobago | 60.7% | 2024 | down 30.6% | falling |
| 92 | Belize | 60.5% | 2024 | down 16.6% | falling |
| 93 | Denmark | 60.3% | 2024 | up 0.8% | flat |
| 94 | Nauru | 59.7% | 2024 | down 56.5% | falling |
| 94 | Naoero | 59.7% | 2024 | down 56.5% | falling |
| 96 | Qatar | 59.4% | 2024 | down 24.5% | falling |
| 97 | Greenland | 59.2% | 2023 | up 6.2% | flat |
| 98 | South Africa | 58.2% | 2024 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 99 | Ukraine | 58.1% | 2024 | down 28.3% | falling |
| 100 | Maldives | 56.9% | 2024 | down 8.2% | falling |
| 101 | Greece | 56.9% | 2024 | up 35.9% | rising |
| 102 | Marshall Islands | 56.9% | 2024 | down 44.6% | falling |
| 103 | Papua New Guinea | 56.9% | 2024 | up 3.2% | falling |
| 104 | Andorra | 56.7% | 2024 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 105 | Melanesia | 56.5% | 2024 | down 2.6% | falling |
| 106 | East Timor | 56.4% | 2024 | down 6.4% | rising |
| 106 | Timor-Leste | 56.4% | 2024 | down 6.4% | rising |
| 108 | Vanuatu | 56.4% | 2024 | up 16.1% | flat |
| 109 | Chile | 55.5% | 2024 | down 2.5% | flat |
| 110 | Senegal | 55.5% | 2024 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 111 | Norway | 55.4% | 2024 | up 18.6% | flat |
| 112 | Italy | 54.2% | 2024 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 113 | Angola | 53.6% | 2024 | down 6.2% | falling |
| 114 | Finland | 53.1% | 2024 | down 3.8% | falling |
| 115 | Malta | 53.0% | 2024 | down 35.2% | falling |
| 116 | Burkina Faso | 52.2% | 2024 | up 20.7% | rising |
| 117 | Spain | 51.9% | 2024 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 118 | Sierra Leone | 51.4% | 2024 | up 26.7% | rising |
| 119 | Ecuador | 51.3% | 2024 | down 1.5% | flat |
| 120 | Canada | 50.9% | 2024 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 121 | Northern Mariana Islands | 50.5% | 2022 | up 13.2% | falling |
| 122 | Costa Rica | 50.5% | 2024 | down 8.6% | falling |
| 123 | Iceland | 50.4% | 2024 | down 12.8% | flat |
| 124 | Albania | 50.3% | 2024 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 125 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 48.7% | 2024 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 126 | Kazakhstan | 48.6% | 2024 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 127 | Grenada | 48.5% | 2024 | up 17.4% | falling |
| 128 | Togo | 47.9% | 2024 | down 20.4% | flat |
| 129 | Uzbekistan | 47.8% | 2024 | up 52.1% | falling |
| 130 | Cyprus | 47.1% | 2024 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 131 | Tonga | 47.0% | 2024 | down 13.0% | flat |
| 132 | Mali | 46.9% | 2024 | up 19.8% | rising |
| 133 | Panama | 46.1% | 2024 | down 36.6% | falling |
| 134 | Samoa | 45.2% | 2024 | down 18.0% | falling |
| 135 | Philippines | 45.0% | 2024 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 136 | Syria | 44.9% | 2024 | down 15.2% | falling |
| 136 | Syrian Arab Republic | 44.9% | 2024 | down 15.2% | falling |
| 138 | Turkey | 44.6% | 2024 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 138 | Türkiye | 44.6% | 2024 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 140 | Peru | 44.3% | 2024 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 141 | Luxembourg | 44.3% | 2024 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 142 | France | 44.0% | 2024 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 143 | Saudi Arabia | 43.4% | 2024 | down 33.8% | falling |
| 144 | Palau | 43.1% | 2024 | down 39.8% | falling |
| 145 | Ghana | 43.1% | 2024 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 146 | Somalia | 42.8% | 2024 | down 9.4% | rising |
| 147 | Cote d'Ivoire | 42.6% | 2024 | down 13.6% | falling |
| 147 | Côte d'Ivoire | 42.6% | 2024 | down 13.6% | falling |
| 149 | Madagascar | 42.6% | 2024 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 150 | Dominica | 42.2% | 2024 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 151 | Benin | 41.9% | 2024 | down 12.9% | rising |
| 152 | Guatemala | 41.6% | 2024 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 153 | Jamaica | 41.6% | 2024 | down 20.7% | falling |
| 154 | Saint Lucia | 41.4% | 2024 | down 8.0% | falling |
| 155 | New Caledonia | 41.1% | 2024 | down 11.1% | rising |
| 156 | Uganda | 41.0% | 2024 | up 60.4% | flat |
| 157 | Zimbabwe | 40.8% | 2024 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 158 | Polynesia | 40.4% | 2024 | down 9.0% | flat |
| 159 | Tuvalu | 40.1% | 2023 | down 26.2% | rising |
| 160 | Burundi | 38.8% | 2024 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 161 | Antigua and Barbuda | 38.8% | 2024 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 162 | French Polynesia | 38.7% | 2024 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 163 | Aruba | 38.6% | 2024 | down 33.0% | volatile |
| 164 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 38.3% | 2024 | up 17.8% | falling |
| 165 | Nigeria | 37.5% | 2024 | up 33.4% | falling |
| 166 | Malawi | 37.2% | 2024 | down 21.5% | flat |
| 167 | Myanmar | 37.0% | 2024 | down 13.2% | falling |
| 168 | Australia | 36.3% | 2024 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 169 | United Kingdom | 36.0% | 2024 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 169 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 36.0% | 2024 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 171 | Japan | 36.0% | 2024 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 172 | Australia and New Zealand | 36.0% | 2024 | up 7.5% | flat |
| 173 | Indonesia | 35.7% | 2024 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 174 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 35.5% | 2024 | up 4.1% | falling |
| 175 | Bahamas | 35.5% | 2024 | down 11.8% | rising |
| 176 | Equatorial Guinea | 35.2% | 2024 | down 57.7% | falling |
| 177 | Algeria | 35.2% | 2024 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 178 | Dominican Republic | 35.1% | 2024 | down 13.3% | falling |
| 179 | Barbados | 34.9% | 2024 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 180 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 34.6% | 2024 | down 50.0% | falling |
| 181 | New Zealand | 34.3% | 2024 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 182 | Chad | 33.8% | 2024 | down 28.6% | falling |
| 183 | Russia | 33.7% | 2024 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 183 | Russian Federation | 33.7% | 2024 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 185 | Guinea-Bissau | 33.0% | 2024 | down 11.9% | flat |
| 186 | Egypt | 33.0% | 2024 | up 7.6% | flat |
| 187 | China | 32.9% | 2024 | down 18.4% | falling |
| 188 | Sri Lanka | 31.9% | 2024 | down 14.2% | falling |
| 189 | South Sudan | 31.9% | 2024 | — | falling |
| 190 | Nepal | 31.8% | 2024 | down 14.8% | falling |
| 191 | Turkmenistan | 31.5% | 2024 | down 50.1% | volatile |
| 192 | Eritrea | 30.9% | 2024 | down 55.3% | falling |
| 193 | India | 29.7% | 2024 | down 22.9% | rising |
| 194 | United Republic of Tanzania | 29.1% | 2024 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 195 | Israel | 28.5% | 2024 | down 35.9% | falling |
| 196 | Brazil | 28.1% | 2024 | up 49.7% | rising |
| 197 | Uruguay | 28.1% | 2024 | down 16.1% | falling |
| 198 | Colombia | 27.1% | 2024 | down 13.0% | rising |
| 199 | Comoros | 26.9% | 2024 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 200 | Cameroon | 26.5% | 2024 | down 24.2% | falling |
| 201 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 26.1% | 2024 | down 39.5% | falling |
| 202 | Cayman Islands | 26.1% | 2023 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 203 | Bangladesh | 25.6% | 2024 | down 38.2% | falling |
| 204 | Caribbean | 25.4% | 2020 | down 50.4% | falling |
| 205 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 24.4% | 2024 | down 55.6% | falling |
| 206 | Yemen | 24.0% | 2024 | down 28.2% | falling |
| 207 | Pakistan | 23.9% | 2024 | down 10.3% | flat |
| 208 | Central African Republic | 23.8% | 2024 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 209 | Kenya | 23.5% | 2024 | down 34.4% | falling |
| 210 | Niger | 22.6% | 2024 | down 41.6% | falling |
| 211 | Sao Tome and Principe | 22.1% | 2024 | down 65.3% | falling |
| 212 | Argentina | 22.0% | 2024 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 213 | Afghanistan | 21.4% | 2024 | down 47.1% | falling |
| 214 | United States | 18.9% | 2024 | down 17.9% | flat |
| 215 | Guam | 18.4% | 2022 | up 41.4% | flat |
| 216 | Ethiopia | 17.4% | 2024 | down 48.2% | falling |
| 217 | Sudan | 16.2% | 2024 | down 40.9% | rising |
| 218 | Haiti | 14.9% | 2024 | down 52.0% | rising |
| 219 | Bermuda | 14.5% | 2024 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 220 | Cuba | 8.3% | 2020 | down 69.8% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 331.7%
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 124.9%
- South-Eastern Asia 95.7%
- Western Europe 75.8%
- Western Asia 67.1%
- Eastern Europe 67.0%
- Central America 65.4%
- Europe 64.3%
- Northern Africa and Western Asia 63.5%
- Southern Africa 60.8%
- Southern Europe 57.9%
- Middle Africa 56.1%
- Oceania (exc. Australia and New Zealand) 54.9%
- Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) 49.4%
- Central Asia 48.6%
- Eastern and South-Eastern Asia 48.6%
- Asia 48.3%
- Northern Europe 47.0%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 47.0%
- Africa 46.6%
- Northern Africa 46.0%
- World 44.0%
- Western Africa 43.2%
- Latin America and the Caribbean 43.1%
- Europe and Northern America 41.4%
- Eastern Asia 41.1%
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 40.4%
- Oceania 36.5%
- Eastern Africa 35.8%
- China, Macao Special Administrative Region 35.8%
- South America 31.8%
- Central and Southern Asia 31.4%
- Southern Asia 29.8%
- Americas 25.1%
- Northern America 21.2%
- United States of America 18.9%