External debt as a share of gni by country
Countries reporting
118
Highest
349.68
Mozambique
Lowest
2.45
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Median
45.1
Years covered
24
2000–2023
Data points
2,741
What the numbers show
External debt as a share of gni is currently reported for 118 countries. The highest value is 349.68 in Mozambique; the lowest is 2.45 in Iran, Islamic Republic of.
The median across all reporting countries is 45.1, and the mean is 56.34.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 143.
Over the past decade 84 countries rose and 34 fell. The largest increase was in Timor-Leste (up 484.3%), and the largest decrease in Turkmenistan (down 71.8%).
External debt as a share of gni: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mozambique | 349.68 | 2023 | up 107.0% | volatile |
| 2 | Lebanon | 332.76 | 2022 | up 161.6% | rising |
| 3 | Mongolia | 189.66 | 2023 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 4 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 138.57 | 2023 | up 91.8% | falling |
| 5 | Senegal | 133.99 | 2023 | up 204.6% | volatile |
| 6 | Suriname | 129.11 | 2023 | up 157.6% | rising |
| 7 | Mauritius | 128.35 | 2023 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 8 | Bhutan | 115.02 | 2022 | up 45.3% | rising |
| 9 | Montenegro | 113.31 | 2023 | down 30.2% | rising |
| 10 | Zambia | 110.5 | 2023 | up 344.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Cape Verde | 97.9 | 2023 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 12 | Ukraine | 96.13 | 2023 | up 22.8% | rising |
| 13 | Dominica | 91.21 | 2023 | down 10.7% | rising |
| 14 | Nicaragua | 89.54 | 2023 | down 8.8% | falling |
| 15 | Jordan | 88.44 | 2023 | up 31.2% | falling |
| 16 | Tunisia | 87.42 | 2023 | up 55.2% | rising |
| 17 | Georgia | 86.19 | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 18 | Djibouti | 85.58 | 2023 | up 114.0% | rising |
| 19 | North Macedonia | 84.31 | 2023 | up 40.3% | rising |
| 20 | Rwanda | 82.39 | 2023 | up 173.6% | rising |
| 21 | Jamaica | 80.22 | 2023 | down 13.3% | rising |
| 22 | Sri Lanka | 75.6 | 2023 | up 44.7% | rising |
| 23 | Angola | 74.3 | 2023 | up 110.4% | volatile |
| 24 | Kyrgyzstan | 73.33 | 2023 | down 25.6% | falling |
| 25 | El Salvador | 71.35 | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 26 | Kazakhstan | 68.99 | 2023 | down 2.7% | rising |
| 27 | Lesotho | 68.92 | 2023 | up 102.6% | rising |
| 28 | Maldives | 68.73 | 2023 | up 96.7% | rising |
| 29 | Armenia | 67.59 | 2023 | down 8.1% | rising |
| 30 | Sao Tome and Principe | 66.25 | 2023 | down 14.7% | volatile |
| 31 | Fiji | 65.25 | 2023 | up 102.0% | volatile |
| 32 | Benin | 64.11 | 2023 | up 156.9% | rising |
| 33 | Serbia | 63.53 | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 34 | Moldova | 63.3 | 2023 | up 6.0% | falling |
| 35 | Paraguay | 62.85 | 2023 | up 40.5% | falling |
| 36 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 59.37 | 2023 | up 43.2% | rising |
| 37 | Grenada | 58.93 | 2023 | down 18.0% | flat |
| 38 | Uzbekistan | 58.7 | 2023 | up 327.8% | volatile |
| 39 | Ghana | 58 | 2023 | up 24.3% | falling |
| 40 | Gambia | 56.02 | 2023 | up 29.3% | falling |
| 41 | Guinea-Bissau | 55.15 | 2023 | up 109.9% | volatile |
| 42 | Colombia | 54.9 | 2023 | up 118.6% | rising |
| 43 | Cambodia | 54.45 | 2023 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 44 | Congo | 53.48 | 2023 | up 123.4% | volatile |
| 45 | Burkina Faso | 53.36 | 2023 | down 22.0% | rising |
| 46 | Papua New Guinea | 53.16 | 2023 | down 51.9% | rising |
| 47 | Belarus | 52.92 | 2023 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 48 | Liberia | 52.38 | 2023 | up 183.7% | volatile |
| 49 | Ecuador | 52.12 | 2023 | up 159.9% | falling |
| 50 | Eritrea | 51.48 | 2011 | down 10.8% | flat |
| 51 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 51.22 | 2023 | down 31.8% | rising |
| 52 | Belize | 51.09 | 2023 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 53 | Saint Lucia | 49.05 | 2023 | up 66.0% | rising |
| 54 | Morocco | 48.66 | 2023 | up 41.0% | rising |
| 55 | Costa Rica | 48.49 | 2023 | up 38.9% | rising |
| 56 | Côte d'Ivoire | 48.28 | 2023 | up 46.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Samoa | 46.78 | 2023 | down 23.0% | rising |
| 58 | Tajikistan | 45.38 | 2023 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 59 | Türkiye | 45.15 | 2023 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 60 | Dominican Republic | 45.05 | 2023 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 61 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 44.61 | 2023 | up 43.3% | falling |
| 62 | Egypt | 44.38 | 2023 | up 168.0% | rising |
| 63 | South Africa | 44.15 | 2023 | up 21.9% | rising |
| 64 | Mauritania | 43.18 | 2023 | down 32.9% | falling |
| 65 | Argentina | 42.07 | 2023 | up 51.3% | volatile |
| 66 | Madagascar | 41.78 | 2023 | up 70.5% | volatile |
| 67 | Gabon | 41.19 | 2023 | up 35.7% | falling |
| 68 | Zimbabwe | 40.85 | 2023 | down 16.4% | volatile |
| 69 | Uganda | 40.58 | 2023 | up 34.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Kenya | 40.42 | 2023 | up 59.9% | falling |
| 71 | Honduras | 40.22 | 2023 | up 0.7% | falling |
| 72 | Pakistan | 39.39 | 2023 | up 66.6% | rising |
| 73 | Burundi | 39.38 | 2023 | up 42.0% | volatile |
| 74 | Tonga | 38.6 | 2022 | down 5.5% | flat |
| 75 | Thailand | 38.47 | 2023 | down 1.6% | falling |
| 76 | Central African Republic | 37.72 | 2023 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 77 | Sierra Leone | 37.46 | 2023 | up 105.9% | volatile |
| 78 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 37.17 | 2023 | up 31.2% | falling |
| 79 | Vanuatu | 36.74 | 2023 | up 75.7% | falling |
| 80 | Togo | 36.64 | 2023 | up 137.8% | falling |
| 81 | Peru | 35.54 | 2023 | up 6.7% | falling |
| 82 | Viet Nam | 34.83 | 2023 | up 8.5% | flat |
| 83 | Niger | 34.69 | 2023 | up 86.0% | volatile |
| 84 | Mexico | 34.16 | 2023 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 85 | Yemen | 33.51 | 2018 | up 34.5% | falling |
| 86 | Mali | 32.78 | 2023 | up 20.5% | volatile |
| 87 | Solomon Islands | 31.83 | 2023 | up 101.2% | falling |
| 88 | Cameroon | 31.71 | 2023 | up 102.7% | volatile |
| 89 | Indonesia | 30.4 | 2023 | up 2.1% | falling |
| 90 | Eswatini | 30.01 | 2023 | up 68.0% | rising |
| 91 | Malawi | 29.19 | 2023 | up 46.7% | volatile |
| 92 | Nigeria | 29.04 | 2023 | up 236.9% | rising |
| 93 | Brazil | 28.8 | 2023 | up 45.2% | falling |
| 94 | Guyana | 28.33 | 2023 | down 48.4% | volatile |
| 95 | Comoros | 28.17 | 2023 | up 120.6% | falling |
| 96 | Somalia | 27.68 | 2023 | down 52.6% | falling |
| 97 | Guinea | 25.48 | 2023 | up 21.0% | falling |
| 98 | Philippines | 25.02 | 2023 | up 19.9% | falling |
| 99 | Chad | 24.81 | 2023 | up 5.4% | falling |
| 100 | Guatemala | 24.73 | 2023 | down 26.8% | rising |
| 101 | Nepal | 24.09 | 2023 | up 33.9% | falling |
| 102 | Bangladesh | 22.3 | 2023 | up 11.3% | falling |
| 103 | Syrian Arab Republic | 21.31 | 2022 | up 86.3% | rising |
| 104 | Azerbaijan | 20.98 | 2023 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 105 | Sudan | 20.85 | 2023 | down 63.1% | falling |
| 106 | Ethiopia | 20.39 | 2023 | down 23.0% | volatile |
| 107 | Afghanistan | 19.8 | 2023 | up 54.7% | rising |
| 108 | Myanmar | 18.57 | 2023 | up 9.3% | volatile |
| 109 | India | 18.4 | 2023 | down 21.0% | rising |
| 110 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 17.21 | 2023 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 111 | China (People’s Republic of) | 13.72 | 2023 | down 12.1% | rising |
| 112 | Haiti | 13.28 | 2023 | up 26.4% | falling |
| 113 | Timor-Leste | 12.62 | 2023 | up 484.3% | volatile |
| 114 | Botswana | 10.69 | 2023 | down 38.8% | rising |
| 115 | Iraq | 8.07 | 2023 | down 30.3% | falling |
| 116 | Turkmenistan | 6.52 | 2023 | down 71.8% | volatile |
| 117 | Algeria | 3 | 2023 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 118 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 2.45 | 2023 | up 76.3% | volatile |