External debt as a share of gni in India

India: External debt as a share of gni was 18.4 in 2023. ▲ Rising

Latest (2023)
18.4
Change on year
down 1.1%
World rank
109th
of 118 countries
All-time high
23.3
in 2013
All-time low
14.88
in 2005
Years of data
24
2000–2023

External debt as a share of gni in India, 2000–2023

05101520252000201120232000: 21.82001: 20.72002: 20.72003: 19.72004: 17.62005: 14.92006: 17.12007: 16.82008: 19.12009: 19.22010: 17.52011: 18.52012: 21.72013: 23.32014: 22.72015: 232016: 20.12017: 19.52018: 19.52019: 202020: 21.42021: 19.62022: 18.62023: 18.4

Source: Our World in Data.

Analysis

In 2023, external debt as a share of gni in India stood at 18.4.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 1.1% on the previous year and down 21.0% over ten years.

Over the whole period, external debt as a share of gni in India peaked at 23.3 in 2013 and was at its lowest, 14.88, in 2005.

That places India 109th out of 118 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 24 years of available data.

External debt as a share of gni in India, year by year

Annual values for External debt as a share of gni in India, 2000 to 2023.
Year Value Change
2000 21.82
2001 20.68 -5.2%
2002 20.67 -0.0%
2003 19.71 -4.6%
2004 17.56 -10.9%
2005 14.88 -15.3%
2006 17.1 +14.9%
2007 16.84 -1.5%
2008 19.06 +13.2%
2009 19.22 +0.8%
2010 17.52 -8.8%
2011 18.51 +5.7%
2012 21.74 +17.5%
2013 23.3 +7.2%
2014 22.7 -2.6%
2015 23.03 +1.5%
2016 20.08 -12.8%
2017 19.5 -2.9%
2018 19.49 -0.1%
2019 19.98 +2.5%
2020 21.41 +7.2%
2021 19.55 -8.7%
2022 18.61 -4.8%
2023 18.4 -1.1%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 18.75 14.88 21.82 10
2010s 20.59 17.52 23.3 10
2020s 19.49 18.4 21.41 4

Countries ranked near India

  1. 106 Ethiopia 20.39 compare
  2. 107 Afghanistan 19.8 compare
  3. 108 Myanmar 18.57 compare
  4. 110 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 17.21 compare
  5. 111 China 13.72 compare
  6. 112 Haiti 13.28 compare

See the full ranking of 118 places →

More economy & growth data for India

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is external debt as a share of gni in India?
External debt as a share of gni in India was 18.4 in 2023, according to Our World in Data.
What is the highest external debt as a share of gni recorded in India?
The highest recorded value was 23.3 in 2013.
What is the lowest external debt as a share of gni recorded in India?
The lowest recorded value was 14.88 in 2005.
How does India rank for external debt as a share of gni?
India ranks 109th out of 118 countries with data for 2023.
Is external debt as a share of gni rising or falling in India?
Over the last ten years it is down 21.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this India data come from?
The figures come from Our World in Data, published as part of External debt as a share of gni. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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External debt as a share of gni in India. Statizoid, drawing on Our World in Data. Retrieved 24 August 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/external-debt-as-a-share-of-gni/india/

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About this data

Indicator
External debt as a share of gni
Source
Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
118 places, 2,741 data points, 2000–2023
Last refreshed