External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan

Pakistan: External debt as a share of gross national income was 35.6% in 2024. ▲ Rising

Latest (2024)
35.6%
Change on year
down 9.7%
World rank
79th
of 121 countries
All-time high
40.0%
in 2020
All-time low
23.2%
in 2015
Years of data
25
2000–2024

External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan, 2000–2024

0102030402000201220242000: 34 %2001: 34.1 %2002: 35.9 %2003: 33.6 %2004: 28.4 %2005: 24.2 %2006: 23.6 %2007: 23.6 %2008: 25.3 %2009: 31.1 %2010: 32.8 %2011: 28.6 %2012: 25.9 %2013: 23.6 %2014: 24 %2015: 23.2 %2016: 24.4 %2017: 27.9 %2018: 28.6 %2019: 34.9 %2020: 40 %2021: 38 %2022: 34.5 %2023: 39.5 %2024: 35.6 %

Source: World Bank – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in %.

Analysis

In 2024, external debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan stood at 35.6%.

The figure is down 9.7% on the previous year and up 48.2% over ten years.

Over the whole period, external debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan peaked at 40.0% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 23.2%, in 2015.

That places Pakistan 79th out of 121 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.

External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan, year by year

Annual values for External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan, 2000 to 2024.
Year % Change
2000 34.0%
2001 34.1% +0.3%
2002 35.9% +5.3%
2003 33.6% -6.4%
2004 28.4% -15.5%
2005 24.2% -14.8%
2006 23.6% -2.2%
2007 23.6% -0.4%
2008 25.3% +7.3%
2009 31.1% +23.1%
2010 32.8% +5.3%
2011 28.6% -12.8%
2012 25.9% -9.4%
2013 23.6% -8.7%
2014 24.0% +1.8%
2015 23.2% -3.3%
2016 24.4% +4.8%
2017 27.9% +14.3%
2018 28.6% +2.5%
2019 34.9% +22.3%
2020 40.0% +14.5%
2021 38.0% -5.0%
2022 34.5% -9.2%
2023 39.5% +14.3%
2024 35.6% -9.7%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 29.4% 23.6% 35.9% 10
2010s 27.4% 23.2% 34.9% 10
2020s 37.5% 34.5% 40.0% 5

Countries ranked near Pakistan

  1. 76 Tajikistan 37.4% compare
  2. 77 Gabon 36.0% compare
  3. 78 Central African Republic 35.9% compare
  4. 80 Tonga 35.4% compare
  5. 81 Malawi 35.2% compare
  6. 82 Kenya 35.0% compare

See the full ranking of 121 places →

More economy & growth data for Pakistan

All data for Pakistan →

Frequently asked questions

What is external debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan?
External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan was 35.6% in 2024, according to World Bank – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest external debt as a share of gross national income recorded in Pakistan?
The highest recorded value was 40.0% in 2020.
What is the lowest external debt as a share of gross national income recorded in Pakistan?
The lowest recorded value was 23.2% in 2015.
How does Pakistan rank for external debt as a share of gross national income?
Pakistan ranks 79th out of 121 countries with data for 2024.
Is external debt as a share of gross national income rising or falling in Pakistan?
Over the last ten years it is up 48.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Pakistan data come from?
The figures come from World Bank – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of External debt as a share of gross national income. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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External debt as a share of gross national income in Pakistan. Statizoid, drawing on World Bank – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 29 August 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/external-debt-as-a-share-of-gni/pakistan/

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About this data

Indicator
External debt as a share of gross national income
Unit
%
Source
World Bank – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
121 places, 2,923 data points, 2000–2024
Last refreshed

External debt stocks as a proportion of GNI (%).