Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP) by country
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on...
Countries reporting
184
Highest
145.6%
Malta
Lowest
-24.7%
Hungary
Median
0.3%
Years covered
56
1970–2025
Data points
9,444
What the numbers show
Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP) is currently reported for 184 countries. The highest value is 145.6% in Malta; the lowest is -24.7% in Hungary.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.3%, and the mean is 2.1%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 6.
Over the past decade 81 countries rose and 98 fell. The largest increase was in Equatorial Guinea (up 11,980.1%), and the largest decrease in Austria (down 488.1%).
Foreign direct investment, net outflows: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Malta | 145.6% | 2024 | up 298.6% | volatile |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 116.4% | 2024 | up 84.5% | volatile |
| 3 | Hong Kong | 19.7% | 2024 | down 59.2% | volatile |
| 4 | Singapore | 15.6% | 2025 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 5 | United Arab Emirates | 14.0% | 2024 | up 405.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Ireland | 11.0% | 2024 | down 68.0% | volatile |
| 7 | Denmark | 7.2% | 2024 | up 157.2% | volatile |
| 8 | Japan | 4.9% | 2025 | up 60.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Cyprus | 3.8% | 2025 | down 98.1% | volatile |
| 10 | Solomon Islands | 3.3% | 2024 | up 6,524.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Kosovo | 3.3% | 2025 | up 410.7% | volatile |
| 12 | Malaysia | 3.1% | 2024 | down 35.0% | volatile |
| 13 | Croatia | 3.0% | 2024 | down 21.8% | volatile |
| 14 | Andorra | 2.9% | 2024 | down 9.4% | rising |
| 15 | Macao | 2.5% | 2024 | up 1.4% | volatile |
| 16 | Papua New Guinea | 2.5% | 2024 | up 879.0% | volatile |
| 17 | Canada | 2.5% | 2025 | down 54.3% | volatile |
| 18 | Spain | 2.4% | 2025 | down 49.6% | volatile |
| 19 | Chile | 2.4% | 2025 | down 62.8% | volatile |
| 20 | Switzerland | 2.4% | 2025 | down 86.4% | volatile |
| 21 | France | 2.4% | 2025 | down 26.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Israel | 2.4% | 2025 | down 34.6% | volatile |
| 23 | Czechia | 2.2% | 2025 | up 11.9% | volatile |
| 24 | South Korea | 2.2% | 2025 | up 43.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Portugal | 2.2% | 2024 | up 37.0% | volatile |
| 26 | United Kingdom | 2.2% | 2025 | up 206.3% | volatile |
| 27 | Venezuela | 2.2% | 2024 | up 2.3% | volatile |
| 28 | Germany | 2.1% | 2025 | down 38.5% | volatile |
| 29 | Saudi Arabia | 2.1% | 2025 | up 172.3% | volatile |
| 30 | Finland | 2.1% | 2025 | up 1,211.9% | volatile |
| 31 | Aruba | 2.1% | 2024 | up 267.3% | volatile |
| 32 | North Macedonia | 2.1% | 2025 | up 218.0% | volatile |
| 33 | Kuwait | 1.9% | 2025 | down 59.9% | volatile |
| 34 | Thailand | 1.6% | 2025 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Liberia | 1.6% | 2024 | up 242.3% | volatile |
| 36 | Qatar | 1.6% | 2025 | down 37.6% | volatile |
| 37 | Lebanon | 1.5% | 2024 | down 41.7% | volatile |
| 38 | Honduras | 1.5% | 2025 | down 14.9% | volatile |
| 39 | United States | 1.4% | 2025 | down 16.9% | volatile |
| 40 | Slovenia | 1.3% | 2025 | up 74.9% | volatile |
| 41 | Serbia | 1.3% | 2025 | up 59.7% | volatile |
| 42 | Brazil | 1.3% | 2025 | up 661.1% | volatile |
| 43 | Eswatini | 1.3% | 2024 | up 10,532.7% | volatile |
| 44 | Zambia | 1.2% | 2024 | up 134.1% | volatile |
| 45 | Slovakia | 1.2% | 2025 | down 24.5% | volatile |
| 46 | Sweden | 1.2% | 2025 | down 57.8% | volatile |
| 47 | Azerbaijan | 1.2% | 2025 | down 80.2% | volatile |
| 48 | Equatorial Guinea | 1.2% | 2024 | up 11,980.1% | volatile |
| 49 | Bulgaria | 1.2% | 2025 | up 376.3% | volatile |
| 50 | Albania | 1.1% | 2025 | up 61.8% | volatile |
| 51 | Colombia | 1.1% | 2025 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Bahamas | 1.0% | 2024 | down 95.7% | volatile |
| 53 | India | 0.9% | 2025 | up 152.6% | volatile |
| 54 | Italy | 0.9% | 2025 | up 7.4% | volatile |
| 55 | El Salvador | 0.9% | 2025 | up 107.0% | volatile |
| 56 | Greece | 0.9% | 2024 | down 32.8% | volatile |
| 57 | Armenia | 0.9% | 2025 | up 216.7% | volatile |
| 58 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.8% | 2025 | up 262.1% | volatile |
| 59 | Montenegro | 0.8% | 2025 | up 163.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Poland | 0.8% | 2025 | down 23.4% | volatile |
| 61 | China | 0.8% | 2025 | down 47.8% | volatile |
| 62 | Cape Verde | 0.8% | 2025 | up 185.8% | volatile |
| 63 | Uruguay | 0.8% | 2025 | down 76.5% | volatile |
| 64 | Guatemala | 0.8% | 2024 | up 2,131.5% | volatile |
| 65 | Madagascar | 0.8% | 2024 | up 160.2% | volatile |
| 66 | Saint Lucia | 0.7% | 2025 | down 45.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Georgia | 0.7% | 2025 | down 66.4% | volatile |
| 68 | Latvia | 0.7% | 2025 | up 19.3% | volatile |
| 69 | Mexico | 0.6% | 2025 | down 31.9% | volatile |
| 70 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.6% | 2025 | up 1.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Bahrain | 0.6% | 2024 | up 151.4% | volatile |
| 72 | Indonesia | 0.5% | 2025 | down 48.0% | volatile |
| 73 | New Caledonia | 0.5% | 2024 | down 2.1% | volatile |
| 74 | Tajikistan | 0.5% | 2025 | up 6.1% | volatile |
| 75 | Malawi | 0.5% | 2024 | up 1,026.8% | volatile |
| 76 | Moldova | 0.5% | 2025 | up 422.0% | volatile |
| 77 | Turkey | 0.5% | 2024 | down 35.0% | volatile |
| 78 | Paraguay | 0.5% | 2025 | down 66.3% | volatile |
| 79 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.5% | 2024 | down 65.4% | volatile |
| 80 | Costa Rica | 0.5% | 2025 | down 38.3% | volatile |
| 81 | Morocco | 0.4% | 2025 | down 25.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Fiji | 0.4% | 2024 | down 45.7% | volatile |
| 83 | Peru | 0.4% | 2025 | up 221.6% | volatile |
| 84 | Argentina | 0.4% | 2025 | up 181.9% | volatile |
| 85 | Russia | 0.4% | 2025 | down 74.5% | volatile |
| 86 | Nigeria | 0.4% | 2025 | up 40.2% | volatile |
| 87 | Nicaragua | 0.4% | 2024 | down 52.6% | volatile |
| 88 | Bermuda | 0.4% | 2024 | down 80.3% | volatile |
| 89 | Kenya | 0.3% | 2024 | up 215.3% | volatile |
| 90 | Philippines | 0.3% | 2025 | down 81.8% | volatile |
| 91 | Namibia | 0.3% | 2024 | up 82.1% | volatile |
| 92 | Zimbabwe | 0.3% | 2024 | down 14.3% | volatile |
| 93 | Mali | 0.3% | 2024 | up 7,999.7% | volatile |
| 94 | Benin | 0.3% | 2024 | up 115.8% | volatile |
| 95 | Comoros | 0.3% | 1990 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Cambodia | 0.3% | 2025 | down 25.6% | volatile |
| 97 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 0.3% | 2024 | up 193.0% | volatile |
| 98 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.3% | 2024 | up 687.4% | volatile |
| 99 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.3% | 2024 | down 70.8% | volatile |
| 100 | Mauritius | 0.3% | 2024 | down 75.9% | volatile |
| 101 | Burkina Faso | 0.2% | 2024 | down 50.6% | volatile |
| 102 | Barbados | 0.2% | 2024 | up 120.6% | volatile |
| 103 | Bolivia | 0.2% | 2025 | up 4,562.5% | volatile |
| 104 | East Timor | 0.2% | 2024 | down 72.4% | volatile |
| 105 | Mongolia | 0.2% | 2024 | down 73.4% | volatile |
| 106 | Curacao | 0.2% | 2024 | down 84.1% | volatile |
| 107 | Afghanistan | 0.2% | 2021 | up 3,280.9% | volatile |
| 108 | Vanuatu | 0.2% | 2024 | up 100.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Norway | 0.2% | 2025 | down 96.1% | volatile |
| 110 | Tonga | 0.2% | 2024 | up 2.9% | volatile |
| 111 | Egypt | 0.2% | 2025 | up 245.4% | volatile |
| 112 | Belarus | 0.2% | 2025 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 113 | Romania | 0.2% | 2025 | down 67.7% | volatile |
| 114 | French Polynesia | 0.2% | 2024 | down 64.0% | volatile |
| 115 | Congo | 0.2% | 2024 | down 97.7% | volatile |
| 116 | Ukraine | 0.2% | 2024 | down 61.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Sudan | 0.2% | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 118 | Iraq | 0.2% | 2024 | up 48.4% | volatile |
| 119 | Kazakhstan | 0.2% | 2025 | down 91.5% | volatile |
| 120 | Senegal | 0.1% | 2024 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 121 | Lithuania | 0.1% | 2025 | down 84.4% | volatile |
| 122 | Vietnam | 0.1% | 2024 | down 74.4% | volatile |
| 123 | Cameroon | 0.1% | 2024 | up 467.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Burundi | 0.1% | 2025 | up 3,026.0% | volatile |
| 125 | Sri Lanka | 0.1% | 2024 | up 36.8% | volatile |
| 126 | Uzbekistan | 0.1% | 2025 | up 2,194.7% | volatile |
| 127 | Niger | 0.1% | 2024 | down 87.1% | volatile |
| 128 | Angola | 0.1% | 2025 | up 113.4% | volatile |
| 129 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.1% | 2024 | down 93.7% | volatile |
| 130 | Jordan | 0.1% | 2024 | down 55.1% | volatile |
| 131 | Rwanda | 0.1% | 2024 | up 86.8% | volatile |
| 132 | Palestine | 0.1% | 2025 | down 84.1% | volatile |
| 133 | Tunisia | 0.1% | 2024 | up 55.2% | volatile |
| 134 | Pakistan | 0.1% | 2025 | up 686.5% | volatile |
| 135 | Belize | 0.0% | 2025 | up 95.7% | volatile |
| 136 | Mauritania | 0.0% | 2024 | down 91.5% | volatile |
| 137 | Ghana | 0.0% | 2025 | down 92.4% | volatile |
| 138 | Samoa | 0.0% | 2025 | down 93.2% | volatile |
| 139 | Guyana | 0.0% | 2024 | down 96.0% | volatile |
| 140 | Iran | 0.0% | 2024 | up 2,427.1% | volatile |
| 141 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0% | 2024 | down 92.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Yemen | 0.0% | 2018 | down 98.0% | volatile |
| 143 | Botswana | 0.0% | 2024 | down 97.8% | volatile |
| 144 | Tanzania | 0.0% | 2003 | down 0.5% | volatile |
| 145 | New Zealand | 0.0% | 2025 | up 202.4% | volatile |
| 146 | Jamaica | 0.0% | 2024 | down 98.9% | volatile |
| 147 | Kiribati | 0.0% | 2025 | down 92.8% | volatile |
| 148 | Bangladesh | 0.0% | 2025 | down 92.8% | volatile |
| 149 | Uganda | 0.0% | 2024 | down 99.1% | volatile |
| 150 | Central African Republic | 0.0% | 2002 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 151 | Guinea | 0.0% | 2024 | down 99.7% | volatile |
| 152 | Algeria | 0.0% | 2024 | up 101.3% | volatile |
| 153 | Laos | 0.0% | 2022 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 154 | Lesotho | 0.0% | 1989 | — | volatile |
| 161 | Sierra Leone | -0.0% | 2010 | down 105.2% | volatile |
| 162 | Suriname | -0.0% | 2025 | up 98.7% | volatile |
| 163 | Haiti | -0.0% | 1999 | down 160.0% | volatile |
| 164 | Gambia | -0.0% | 2024 | up 97.2% | volatile |
| 165 | Estonia | -0.1% | 2025 | up 97.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Dominica | -0.1% | 2024 | up 81.0% | volatile |
| 167 | Dominican Republic | -0.1% | 2025 | down 383.5% | volatile |
| 168 | Libya | -0.1% | 2024 | up 13.8% | volatile |
| 169 | Oman | -0.1% | 2024 | down 109.1% | volatile |
| 170 | Chad | -0.1% | 1999 | down 116.0% | volatile |
| 171 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | -0.2% | 2025 | down 116.1% | volatile |
| 172 | Mozambique | -0.2% | 2024 | down 135.9% | volatile |
| 173 | Gabon | -0.2% | 2019 | down 110.0% | volatile |
| 174 | Australia | -0.3% | 2025 | down 141.5% | volatile |
| 175 | Grenada | -0.3% | 2025 | down 113.3% | volatile |
| 176 | Antigua and Barbuda | -0.4% | 2025 | down 140.8% | volatile |
| 177 | Netherlands | -0.5% | 2024 | down 102.6% | volatile |
| 178 | Togo | -0.7% | 2024 | down 112.3% | volatile |
| 179 | Nauru | -0.8% | 2024 | up 98.8% | volatile |
| 180 | South Africa | -0.9% | 2025 | down 159.0% | volatile |
| 181 | Panama | -1.0% | 2025 | down 146.8% | volatile |
| 182 | Austria | -1.0% | 2025 | down 488.1% | volatile |
| 183 | Tuvalu | -1.5% | 2021 | — | volatile |
| 184 | Trinidad and Tobago | -1.5% | 2025 | down 414.5% | volatile |
| 185 | Seychelles | -1.9% | 2024 | up 66.5% | volatile |
| 186 | Iceland | -2.2% | 2025 | down 186.7% | volatile |
| 187 | Belgium | -2.7% | 2025 | down 267.5% | volatile |
| 188 | Turks and Caicos Islands | -3.9% | 2018 | — | volatile |
| 189 | Cayman Islands | -22.4% | 2024 | down 105.7% | volatile |
| 190 | Hungary | -24.7% | 2025 | down 279.7% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Post-demographic dividend 1.8%
- Euro area 1.6%
- High income 1.7%
- European Union 1.2%
- East Asia & Pacific 1.7%
- OECD members 1.6%
- Arab World 1.6%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 1.5%
- North America 1.4%
- World 1.4%
- Europe & Central Asia 1.3%
- Latin America & Caribbean 0.9%
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.9%
- Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 0.9%
- Late-demographic dividend 0.8%
- South Asia 0.8%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 0.8%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 0.8%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.8%
- Upper middle income 0.8%
- Caribbean Small States 0.8%
- Early-demographic dividend 0.8%
- IBRD only 0.8%
- Middle income 0.8%
- Low & middle income 0.8%
- Pacific island small states 0.7%
- IDA & IBRD total 0.7%
- Lower middle income 0.6%
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.5%
- Other small states 0.5%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 0.3%
- Pre-demographic dividend 0.2%
- IDA blend 0.2%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 0.2%
- Africa Western and Central 0.2%
- IDA total 0.2%
- IDA only 0.1%
- Low income 0.1%
- Least developed countries 0.1%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 0.1%
About this data
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world, and is divided by GDP.