Trade in employment (TiM) 2023 edition — Domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries)
European Union (28 countries): Trade in employment (TiM) 2023 edition — Domestic employment embodied was 919 Persons in 2020. ▲ Rising
Trade in employment (TiM) 2023 edition — Domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries), 1995–2020
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Persons.
Analysis
The most recent figure for trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries) is 919 Persons, measured in 2020.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 17.0% on the previous year and down 9.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries) peaked at 1,302 Persons in 2013 and was at its lowest, 497.6 Persons, in 2003.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 26 years of available data.
Trade in employment (TiM) 2023 edition — Domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries), year by year
| Year | Persons | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 664.2 Persons | — |
| 1996 | 712.1 Persons | +7.2% |
| 1997 | 809.6 Persons | +13.7% |
| 1998 | 827.2 Persons | +2.2% |
| 1999 | 668.2 Persons | -19.2% |
| 2000 | 720.8 Persons | +7.9% |
| 2001 | 734.2 Persons | +1.9% |
| 2002 | 549.9 Persons | -25.1% |
| 2003 | 497.6 Persons | -9.5% |
| 2004 | 507 Persons | +1.9% |
| 2005 | 590.8 Persons | +16.5% |
| 2006 | 641.2 Persons | +8.5% |
| 2007 | 687.1 Persons | +7.2% |
| 2008 | 806.5 Persons | +17.4% |
| 2009 | 806.6 Persons | +0.0% |
| 2010 | 1,014 Persons | +25.7% |
| 2011 | 1,120 Persons | +10.5% |
| 2012 | 1,254 Persons | +11.9% |
| 2013 | 1,302 Persons | +3.8% |
| 2014 | 1,213 Persons | -6.8% |
| 2015 | 1,170 Persons | -3.5% |
| 2016 | 1,115 Persons | -4.7% |
| 2017 | 1,169 Persons | +4.8% |
| 2018 | 1,105 Persons | -5.4% |
| 2019 | 1,108 Persons | +0.2% |
| 2020 | 919 Persons | -17.0% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 736.26 Persons | 664.2 Persons | 827.2 Persons | 5 |
| 2000s | 654.17 Persons | 497.6 Persons | 806.6 Persons | 10 |
| 2010s | 1,157 Persons | 1,014 Persons | 1,302 Persons | 10 |
| 2020s | 919 Persons | 919 Persons | 919 Persons | 1 |
Countries ranked near European Union (28 countries)
- 1 United States 578.4 Persons compare
- 1 China 3,822 Persons compare
- 2 United Kingdom 114.2 Persons compare
- 2 OECD 1,847 Persons compare
- 3 India 1,499 Persons compare
- 4 Brazil 1,057 Persons compare
- 4 Netherlands 98.7 Persons compare
- 5 Argentina 537.9 Persons compare
- 5 Türkiye 63.4 Persons compare
- 6 Indonesia 276.1 Persons compare
- 6 Poland 26.1 Persons compare
More economy & growth data for European Union (28 countries)
- Hours of work needed to escape poverty — Working hours needed to 18 Hours per week (2018)
- Trade in employment (TiM) 2021 edition — Domestic employment embodied 1,150 Persons (2018)
- Trade in employment (TiM) 2021 edition — Domestic employment embodied 1,359 Persons (2018)
- Trade in employment by workforce characteristics (TiMBC) 2025 edition 1,263 Persons (2022)
- Trade in employment by workforce characteristics (TiMBC) 2025 edition 1,554 Persons (2022)
- Trade in employment by workforce characteristics (TiMBC) 2023 edition 888.3 Persons (2020)
Frequently asked questions
- What is trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries)?
- Trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied in European Union (28 countries) was 919 Persons in 2020, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied recorded in European Union (28 countries)?
- The highest recorded value was 1,302 Persons in 2013.
- What is the lowest trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied recorded in European Union (28 countries)?
- The lowest recorded value was 497.6 Persons in 2003.
- How does European Union (28 countries) rank for trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied?
- European Union (28 countries) ranks 3rd out of 9 groups with data for 2020.
- Is trade in employment (tim) 2023 edition — domestic employment embodied rising or falling in European Union (28 countries)?
- Over the last ten years it is down 9.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this European Union (28 countries) data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Trade in employment (TiM) 2023 edition — Domestic employment embodied in gross exports. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 26 observations, free to reuse under OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
The Trade in employment (TiM) database, see TiM web page, is a collection of labour market indicators designed to provide additional insights into global production networks and supply chains, and complement Trade in Value Added (TiVA) indicators, see TiVA web page. Estimates of employment or compensation of employees embodied in foreign final demand (or in gross exports) can reveal the extent to which a country's workforce depends on its integration into the global economy. TiM indicators are based on employment and compensation of employees for more than 50 economies (including all EU, OECD, G20 and most East and Southeast Asian economies), as well as region aggregates. TiM is estimated using the 2023 edition of the OECD's Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) Tables, see ICIO web page, together with recent estimates of employment and employees' compensation by industrial activity from official sources. The series are available over 1995-2020 and for 45 individual industries based on ISIC Rev.4. • TiM structure (old versus new codes) • Data sources • Documentation Bulk download Rdata and csv files are available in section Related files or can be downloaded from the menu. Contact icio-tiva.contact@oecd.org