R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in France
France: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.2689 Percentage of GDP in 2023. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in France, 2000–2023
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2023, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in France stood at 0.2689 Percentage of GDP.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.2% on the previous year and down 3.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in France peaked at 0.2935 Percentage of GDP in 2020 and was at its lowest, 0.0264 Percentage of GDP, in 2003.
That places France 3rd out of 43 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in France, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0356 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.0336 Percentage of GDP | -5.6% |
| 2002 | 0.0307 Percentage of GDP | -8.6% |
| 2003 | 0.0264 Percentage of GDP | -14.0% |
| 2004 | 0.0562 Percentage of GDP | +112.9% |
| 2005 | 0.0611 Percentage of GDP | +8.7% |
| 2006 | 0.0884 Percentage of GDP | +44.7% |
| 2007 | 0.0989 Percentage of GDP | +11.9% |
| 2008 | 0.2297 Percentage of GDP | +132.3% |
| 2009 | 0.2589 Percentage of GDP | +12.7% |
| 2010 | 0.2778 Percentage of GDP | +7.3% |
| 2011 | 0.2655 Percentage of GDP | -4.4% |
| 2012 | 0.2781 Percentage of GDP | +4.7% |
| 2013 | 0.2771 Percentage of GDP | -0.4% |
| 2014 | 0.2775 Percentage of GDP | +0.1% |
| 2015 | 0.2816 Percentage of GDP | +1.5% |
| 2016 | 0.2841 Percentage of GDP | +0.9% |
| 2017 | 0.2872 Percentage of GDP | +1.1% |
| 2018 | 0.2883 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
| 2019 | 0.2882 Percentage of GDP | -0.0% |
| 2020 | 0.2935 Percentage of GDP | +1.8% |
| 2021 | 0.2833 Percentage of GDP | -3.5% |
| 2022 | 0.2749 Percentage of GDP | -3.0% |
| 2023 | 0.2689 Percentage of GDP | -2.2% |
France compared with similar countries
- France's 0.2689 Percentage of GDP is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.0457 Percentage of GDP, 5.9× the median. (31 countries reporting)
- France's 0.2689 Percentage of GDP is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0485 Percentage of GDP, 5.6× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in France changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | +132.3% | 0.0989 Percentage of GDP | 0.2297 Percentage of GDP |
| 2004 | +112.9% | 0.0264 Percentage of GDP | 0.0562 Percentage of GDP |
| 2006 | +44.7% | 0.0611 Percentage of GDP | 0.0884 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.092 Percentage of GDP | 0.0264 Percentage of GDP | 0.2589 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.2805 Percentage of GDP | 0.2655 Percentage of GDP | 0.2883 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.2802 Percentage of GDP | 0.2689 Percentage of GDP | 0.2935 Percentage of GDP | 4 |
Countries ranked near France
- 1 Portugal 0.4189 Percentage of GDP compare
- 1 United Kingdom 0.2745 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Iceland 0.2802 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Viet Nam 0 Percentage of GDP
- 2 United States 0.1635 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Türkiye 0.1431 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Netherlands 0.1185 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 China 0.2426 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Austria 0.2354 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Belgium 0.2315 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Slovenia 0.1033 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for France
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.18 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.34 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 80.27 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0238 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 1,168 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 73.03 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 40.29 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0217 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 1,063 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 51.39 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in France?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in France was 0.2689 Percentage of GDP in 2023, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in France?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2935 Percentage of GDP in 2020.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in France?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0264 Percentage of GDP in 2003.
- How does France rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- France ranks 3rd out of 43 countries with data for 2023.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in France?
- Over the last ten years it is down 3.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this France data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.