R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in China
China: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.2426 Percentage of GDP in 2022. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in China, 2009–2022
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2022, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in China stood at 0.2426 Percentage of GDP. That is the highest value across all 14 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 36.1% on the previous year and up 345.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in China peaked at 0.2426 Percentage of GDP in 2022 and was at its lowest, 0.0425 Percentage of GDP, in 2010.
China ranks 4th of 43 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in China, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 0.0522 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2010 | 0.0425 Percentage of GDP | -18.6% |
| 2011 | 0.0509 Percentage of GDP | +19.8% |
| 2012 | 0.0545 Percentage of GDP | +7.1% |
| 2013 | 0.0553 Percentage of GDP | +1.5% |
| 2014 | 0.0579 Percentage of GDP | +4.7% |
| 2015 | 0.064 Percentage of GDP | +10.5% |
| 2016 | 0.0643 Percentage of GDP | +0.5% |
| 2017 | 0.0673 Percentage of GDP | +4.7% |
| 2018 | 0.0942 Percentage of GDP | +40.0% |
| 2019 | 0.1392 Percentage of GDP | +47.8% |
| 2020 | 0.1656 Percentage of GDP | +19.0% |
| 2021 | 0.1782 Percentage of GDP | +7.6% |
| 2022 | 0.2426 Percentage of GDP | +36.1% |
China compared with similar countries
- China's 0.2426 Percentage of GDP is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 0.001 Percentage of GDP, 231.0× the median. (10 countries reporting)
- China's 0.2426 Percentage of GDP is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 0.0889 Percentage of GDP, 2.7× the median. (8 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.0522 Percentage of GDP | 0.0522 Percentage of GDP | 0.0522 Percentage of GDP | 1 |
| 2010s | 0.069 Percentage of GDP | 0.0425 Percentage of GDP | 0.1392 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1955 Percentage of GDP | 0.1656 Percentage of GDP | 0.2426 Percentage of GDP | 3 |
Countries ranked near China
- 1 Portugal 0.4189 Percentage of GDP compare
- 1 United Kingdom 0.2745 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Iceland 0.2802 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Viet Nam 0 Percentage of GDP
- 2 United States 0.1635 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Türkiye 0.1431 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 France 0.2689 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Netherlands 0.1185 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Austria 0.2354 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Belgium 0.2315 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Slovenia 0.1033 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Ireland 0.186 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Poland 0.0674 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for China
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 3.46 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 3.31 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 157.21 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0081 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 111.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 79.98 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 87.54 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0041 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 56.86 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 8.47 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in China?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in China was 0.2426 Percentage of GDP in 2022, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in China?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2426 Percentage of GDP in 2022.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in China?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0425 Percentage of GDP in 2010.
- How does China rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- China ranks 4th out of 43 countries with data for 2022.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in China?
- Over the last ten years it is up 345.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this China data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.