R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Iceland
Iceland: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.2802 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Iceland, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Iceland stood at 0.2802 Percentage of GDP.
That represents a change of down 26.2% on the previous year and up 351.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Iceland peaked at 0.3797 Percentage of GDP in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0 Percentage of GDP, in 2000.
That places Iceland 2nd out of 43 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Iceland, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2002 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2003 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2004 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2005 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2006 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2007 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2008 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2009 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2010 | 0.0374 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2011 | 0.0515 Percentage of GDP | +37.7% |
| 2012 | 0.0585 Percentage of GDP | +13.6% |
| 2013 | 0.0637 Percentage of GDP | +8.9% |
| 2014 | 0.0621 Percentage of GDP | -2.5% |
| 2015 | 0.0678 Percentage of GDP | +9.2% |
| 2016 | 0.1106 Percentage of GDP | +63.1% |
| 2017 | 0.1166 Percentage of GDP | +5.4% |
| 2018 | 0.1321 Percentage of GDP | +13.3% |
| 2019 | 0.1691 Percentage of GDP | +28.0% |
| 2020 | 0.3537 Percentage of GDP | +109.2% |
| 2021 | 0.3591 Percentage of GDP | +1.5% |
| 2022 | 0.3646 Percentage of GDP | +1.5% |
| 2023 | 0.3797 Percentage of GDP | +4.1% |
| 2024 | 0.2802 Percentage of GDP | -26.2% |
Iceland compared with similar countries
- Iceland's 0.2802 Percentage of GDP is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.0457 Percentage of GDP, 6.1× the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Iceland's 0.2802 Percentage of GDP is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0485 Percentage of GDP, 5.8× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Iceland changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | +109.2% | 0.1691 Percentage of GDP | 0.3537 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0 Percentage of GDP | 0 Percentage of GDP | 0 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0869 Percentage of GDP | 0.0374 Percentage of GDP | 0.1691 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.3475 Percentage of GDP | 0.2802 Percentage of GDP | 0.3797 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near Iceland
- 1 Portugal 0.4189 Percentage of GDP compare
- 1 United Kingdom 0.2745 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Viet Nam 0 Percentage of GDP
- 2 United States 0.1635 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Türkiye 0.1431 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 France 0.2689 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Netherlands 0.1185 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 China 0.2426 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Austria 0.2354 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Iceland
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.96 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -851.71 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0221 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -2,170 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -201.70 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -107.12 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0052 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -514.02 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 20.76 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Iceland?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Iceland was 0.2802 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Iceland?
- The highest recorded value was 0.3797 Percentage of GDP in 2023.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Iceland?
- The lowest recorded value was 0 Percentage of GDP in 2000.
- How does Iceland rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- Iceland ranks 2nd out of 43 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in Iceland?
- Over the last ten years it is up 351.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Iceland data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.