IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP by country
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
188
Highest
0.1688 units per US$ of GDP
Suriname
Lowest
0.0016 units per US$ of GDP
China
Median
0.0091 units per US$ of GDP
Years covered
66
1960–2025
Data points
10,803
What the numbers show
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP is currently reported for 188 countries. The highest value is 0.1688 units per US$ of GDP in Suriname; the lowest is 0.0016 units per US$ of GDP in China.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0091 units per US$ of GDP, and the mean is 0.0161 units per US$ of GDP.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 108.
Over the past decade 116 countries rose and 71 fell. The largest increase was in Argentina (up 1,728.3%), and the largest decrease in Portugal (down 94.9%).
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suriname | 0.1688 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 578.1% | volatile |
| 2 | Argentina | 0.0902 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1,728.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Ecuador | 0.0828 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1,718.3% | volatile |
| 4 | Ukraine | 0.0781 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 43.5% | volatile |
| 5 | Seychelles | 0.0643 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 62.3% | volatile |
| 6 | Burundi | 0.0609 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 61.2% | volatile |
| 7 | Liberia | 0.059 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 8 | Barbados | 0.0583 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 288.7% | volatile |
| 9 | Central African Republic | 0.0495 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 10 | Venezuela | 0.0477 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 84.3% | volatile |
| 11 | Zambia | 0.0464 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 45.4% | volatile |
| 12 | Tuvalu | 0.0452 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 13 | Jordan | 0.0427 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 13.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Moldova | 0.0391 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 16.4% | volatile |
| 15 | Kiribati | 0.0384 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.1% | falling |
| 16 | Sierra Leone | 0.0381 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 79.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Gabon | 0.0363 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 145.5% | volatile |
| 18 | Angola | 0.0353 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 558.2% | volatile |
| 19 | Libya | 0.0332 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 40.9% | volatile |
| 20 | San Marino | 0.0326 units per US$ of GDP | 2023 | up 109.4% | volatile |
| 21 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0322 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 228.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Yemen | 0.0313 units per US$ of GDP | 2018 | up 123.3% | volatile |
| 23 | Pakistan | 0.0312 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 46.0% | falling |
| 24 | Lesotho | 0.0303 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 66.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Egypt | 0.0299 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 652.2% | volatile |
| 26 | Sri Lanka | 0.0295 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 109.7% | volatile |
| 27 | Senegal | 0.0282 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 125.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Gambia | 0.0279 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 6.1% | volatile |
| 29 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0269 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 221.4% | volatile |
| 30 | Lebanon | 0.0255 units per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 264.8% | rising |
| 31 | North Macedonia | 0.0246 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 159.8% | rising |
| 32 | Brunei | 0.0243 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 12.2% | volatile |
| 33 | Afghanistan | 0.0237 units per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 107.4% | falling |
| 34 | Benin | 0.0229 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 216.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Jamaica | 0.022 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 68.4% | volatile |
| 36 | Dominica | 0.0217 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Namibia | 0.0217 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 30.0% | volatile |
| 38 | Serbia | 0.0213 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 32.7% | volatile |
| 39 | Tonga | 0.0209 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 27.2% | volatile |
| 40 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0207 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 47.6% | volatile |
| 41 | Costa Rica | 0.0204 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 477.7% | volatile |
| 42 | Kenya | 0.0204 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 299.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Tunisia | 0.0203 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 45.6% | volatile |
| 44 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0203 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 307.1% | volatile |
| 45 | Marshall Islands | 0.0202 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 23.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Vanuatu | 0.0198 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 46.8% | falling |
| 47 | Georgia | 0.0194 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.4% | volatile |
| 48 | Eswatini | 0.0191 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 22.0% | volatile |
| 49 | Zimbabwe | 0.0189 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 22.9% | volatile |
| 50 | Andorra | 0.0188 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | — | rising |
| 51 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0186 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 55.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Micronesia (country) | 0.0182 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 19.6% | volatile |
| 53 | Palau | 0.0177 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 54 | Mauritania | 0.0172 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 55 | Somalia | 0.0172 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 45.6% | volatile |
| 56 | Bahamas | 0.0172 units per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 6.6% | volatile |
| 57 | El Salvador | 0.0171 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 69.3% | falling |
| 58 | Nauru | 0.0165 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 43.6% | falling |
| 59 | Syria | 0.0165 units per US$ of GDP | 2022 | up 57.6% | falling |
| 60 | Honduras | 0.0163 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 103.9% | falling |
| 61 | Fiji | 0.0162 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.0% | volatile |
| 62 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.016 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.8% | volatile |
| 63 | Cameroon | 0.0156 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 96.0% | volatile |
| 64 | East Timor | 0.0153 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 73.0% | volatile |
| 65 | Samoa | 0.0153 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 66 | Madagascar | 0.0149 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 0.2% | volatile |
| 67 | Grenada | 0.0147 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 9.7% | volatile |
| 68 | Togo | 0.0146 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 16.6% | volatile |
| 69 | Sudan | 0.0143 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 60.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Nicaragua | 0.014 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 0.8% | volatile |
| 71 | Solomon Islands | 0.0138 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 32.4% | volatile |
| 72 | Tajikistan | 0.0135 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.4% | volatile |
| 73 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0133 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 39.6% | volatile |
| 74 | Luxembourg | 0.0133 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 46.0% | rising |
| 75 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0131 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 21.3% | volatile |
| 76 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0127 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 74.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Malawi | 0.0125 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 24.4% | volatile |
| 78 | Kuwait | 0.0124 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 5.3% | volatile |
| 79 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0122 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 29.8% | volatile |
| 80 | Mozambique | 0.0122 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 25.5% | falling |
| 81 | Congo | 0.0119 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 27.3% | volatile |
| 82 | Eritrea | 0.0118 units per US$ of GDP | 2011 | down 55.5% | volatile |
| 83 | Rwanda | 0.0117 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 10.8% | volatile |
| 84 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.0117 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 76.4% | volatile |
| 85 | Iran | 0.0115 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 127.1% | volatile |
| 86 | Comoros | 0.011 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 87 | Nigeria | 0.0107 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 117.8% | volatile |
| 88 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0107 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 41.8% | volatile |
| 89 | Saint Lucia | 0.0102 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 90 | Botswana | 0.0101 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 63.4% | volatile |
| 91 | Belarus | 0.01 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 92 | Guyana | 0.0092 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 68.8% | volatile |
| 93 | Hungary | 0.0091 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 14.6% | volatile |
| 94 | Greece | 0.0091 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 90.6% | volatile |
| 95 | Guinea | 0.0091 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 46.3% | volatile |
| 96 | Myanmar | 0.009 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 50.3% | volatile |
| 97 | Iceland | 0.0089 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 15.6% | volatile |
| 98 | Mauritius | 0.0089 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 99 | Belgium | 0.0089 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 27.4% | rising |
| 100 | Cape Verde | 0.0089 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 101 | Croatia | 0.0089 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 10.3% | volatile |
| 102 | Armenia | 0.0088 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 73.4% | volatile |
| 103 | Chad | 0.0087 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 44.2% | volatile |
| 104 | Belize | 0.0084 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 8.3% | volatile |
| 105 | Bulgaria | 0.0084 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 49.5% | volatile |
| 106 | Saudi Arabia | 0.008 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 32.0% | volatile |
| 107 | Uganda | 0.008 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.3% | volatile |
| 108 | Djibouti | 0.0079 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 6.7% | volatile |
| 109 | Malaysia | 0.0078 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 110 | Ghana | 0.0077 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 25.1% | volatile |
| 111 | Latvia | 0.0077 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.4% | volatile |
| 112 | Finland | 0.0077 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 15.8% | falling |
| 113 | South Africa | 0.0077 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 10.3% | flat |
| 114 | Denmark | 0.0075 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 0.5% | falling |
| 115 | Slovenia | 0.0075 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 116 | Iraq | 0.0074 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 54.2% | volatile |
| 117 | Cyprus | 0.0073 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 87.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Bahrain | 0.0072 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 166.1% | rising |
| 119 | Norway | 0.0071 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 21.8% | falling |
| 120 | Japan | 0.007 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 50.5% | volatile |
| 121 | Mali | 0.007 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.8% | volatile |
| 122 | Algeria | 0.0069 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 8.8% | volatile |
| 123 | Laos | 0.0069 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 36.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Bangladesh | 0.0069 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 82.9% | volatile |
| 125 | Austria | 0.0069 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 126 | Montenegro | 0.0068 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 6.2% | volatile |
| 127 | Mongolia | 0.0068 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 128 | Niger | 0.0067 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 17.7% | volatile |
| 129 | Sweden | 0.0067 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 130 | Netherlands | 0.0066 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 19.6% | rising |
| 131 | Slovakia | 0.0066 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 37.5% | volatile |
| 132 | Singapore | 0.0065 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 31.6% | volatile |
| 133 | Albania | 0.0063 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 71.2% | volatile |
| 134 | Malta | 0.0062 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 30.7% | volatile |
| 135 | Haiti | 0.0061 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 19.9% | volatile |
| 136 | Bhutan | 0.0061 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 81.4% | volatile |
| 137 | France | 0.0061 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.5% | rising |
| 138 | Portugal | 0.006 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 94.9% | volatile |
| 139 | Azerbaijan | 0.006 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 43.4% | volatile |
| 140 | Italy | 0.006 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 13.4% | volatile |
| 141 | Romania | 0.0058 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 34.0% | volatile |
| 142 | Czechia | 0.0057 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 15.2% | volatile |
| 143 | Thailand | 0.0056 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 59.5% | volatile |
| 144 | Morocco | 0.0056 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 13.9% | volatile |
| 145 | Switzerland | 0.0056 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.4% | volatile |
| 146 | Turkmenistan | 0.0054 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 86.7% | volatile |
| 147 | Germany | 0.0053 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.2% | volatile |
| 148 | Estonia | 0.0053 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.1% | volatile |
| 149 | Tanzania | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Uzbekistan | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 31.2% | volatile |
| 151 | Uruguay | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 152 | United Kingdom | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 13.4% | volatile |
| 153 | Oman | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 81.8% | volatile |
| 154 | Spain | 0.0051 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 24.2% | volatile |
| 155 | Russia | 0.005 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.5% | volatile |
| 156 | Chile | 0.0049 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 18.7% | volatile |
| 157 | Panama | 0.0049 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 0.9% | volatile |
| 158 | Mexico | 0.0049 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 42.3% | volatile |
| 159 | Brazil | 0.0049 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 64.0% | volatile |
| 160 | New Zealand | 0.0049 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.7% | volatile |
| 161 | Ireland | 0.0048 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 77.9% | volatile |
| 162 | Canada | 0.0048 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 5.5% | falling |
| 163 | Burkina Faso | 0.0048 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 22.0% | volatile |
| 164 | Lithuania | 0.0047 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 22.9% | volatile |
| 165 | South Korea | 0.0047 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 72.5% | volatile |
| 166 | Colombia | 0.0046 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 84.9% | volatile |
| 167 | Bolivia | 0.0045 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 33.7% | volatile |
| 168 | Dominican Republic | 0.0044 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 24.5% | volatile |
| 169 | Paraguay | 0.0043 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 43.1% | volatile |
| 170 | Kazakhstan | 0.0043 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 38.6% | volatile |
| 171 | Philippines | 0.0043 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 27.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Nepal | 0.0042 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 4.6% | volatile |
| 173 | Guatemala | 0.0042 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 11.3% | volatile |
| 174 | Cambodia | 0.0041 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 18.4% | volatile |
| 175 | Peru | 0.0041 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 27.2% | volatile |
| 176 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0041 units per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 148.5% | volatile |
| 177 | Poland | 0.004 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.4% | volatile |
| 178 | Turkey | 0.0039 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 81.2% | volatile |
| 179 | Ethiopia | 0.0038 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 180 | Australia | 0.0037 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 36.8% | volatile |
| 181 | Indonesia | 0.0037 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 17.5% | volatile |
| 182 | Qatar | 0.0035 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 95.7% | volatile |
| 183 | India | 0.0033 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.7% | volatile |
| 184 | Israel | 0.0032 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 9.8% | volatile |
| 185 | Vietnam | 0.0031 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 15.0% | volatile |
| 186 | Maldives | 0.0029 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 8.1% | volatile |
| 187 | United States | 0.0027 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 188 | China | 0.0016 units per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 37.8% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Sub-Saharan Africa 0.0141 units per US$ of GDP
- World 0.0052 units per US$ of GDP
How this figure is calculated
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar ÷ GDP (current US$)
Computed from
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar International Monetary Fund
- GDP Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
IMF holdings of currency, US dollar divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.