R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in United States
United States: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.1222 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ▼ Falling
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in United States, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
United States recorded 0.1222 Percentage of GDP for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in 2024.
The figure is up 3.1% on the previous year and down 19.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in United States peaked at 0.2747 Percentage of GDP in 2009 and was at its lowest, 0.1053 Percentage of GDP, in 2021.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 25 years of available data.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in United States, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.167 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.1597 Percentage of GDP | -4.4% |
| 2002 | 0.1501 Percentage of GDP | -6.0% |
| 2003 | 0.1554 Percentage of GDP | +3.5% |
| 2004 | 0.1659 Percentage of GDP | +6.8% |
| 2005 | 0.168 Percentage of GDP | +1.3% |
| 2006 | 0.1759 Percentage of GDP | +4.7% |
| 2007 | 0.1837 Percentage of GDP | +4.4% |
| 2008 | 0.2482 Percentage of GDP | +35.1% |
| 2009 | 0.2747 Percentage of GDP | +10.7% |
| 2010 | 0.2283 Percentage of GDP | -16.9% |
| 2011 | 0.2028 Percentage of GDP | -11.2% |
| 2012 | 0.1894 Percentage of GDP | -6.6% |
| 2013 | 0.1751 Percentage of GDP | -7.6% |
| 2014 | 0.1516 Percentage of GDP | -13.4% |
| 2015 | 0.1482 Percentage of GDP | -2.2% |
| 2016 | 0.1295 Percentage of GDP | -12.6% |
| 2017 | 0.1281 Percentage of GDP | -1.1% |
| 2018 | 0.1225 Percentage of GDP | -4.4% |
| 2019 | 0.106 Percentage of GDP | -13.5% |
| 2020 | 0.1404 Percentage of GDP | +32.5% |
| 2021 | 0.1053 Percentage of GDP | -25.0% |
| 2022 | 0.125 Percentage of GDP | +18.7% |
| 2023 | 0.1185 Percentage of GDP | -5.2% |
| 2024 | 0.1222 Percentage of GDP | +3.1% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.1849 Percentage of GDP | 0.1501 Percentage of GDP | 0.2747 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.1582 Percentage of GDP | 0.106 Percentage of GDP | 0.2283 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1223 Percentage of GDP | 0.1053 Percentage of GDP | 0.1404 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near United States
- 1 Russia 0.3503 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Israel 0.3445 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Türkiye 0.1333 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Iceland 0.1602 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 United Kingdom 0.1305 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 France 0.1479 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Estonia 0.1197 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Sweden 0.1207 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Germany 0.1124 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Netherlands 0.1158 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Austria 0.1095 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Poland 0.0836 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for United States
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — A. 0.0426 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness 0.229 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — B. Openess 0.0207 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — C. Trust 0.0665 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — D. 0.0465 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — E. Wider 0.0527 Index (2024)
- Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index — Other barriers 0 Index (2025)
- Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index — Infrastructure and 0.0397 Index (2025)
- Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index — Intellectual property 0 Index (2025)
- Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index — Electronic transactions 0.0212 Index (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in United States?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in United States was 0.1222 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in United States?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2747 Percentage of GDP in 2009.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in United States?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.1053 Percentage of GDP in 2021.
- How does United States rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- United States ranks 4th out of 12 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in United States?
- Over the last ten years it is down 19.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this United States data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government-financed BERD. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.