R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Iceland
Iceland: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.1602 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Iceland, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Iceland is 0.1602 Percentage of GDP, measured in 2024.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 9.8% on the previous year and up 130.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Iceland peaked at 0.1777 Percentage of GDP in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.0061 Percentage of GDP, in 2009.
Iceland ranks 3rd of 38 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Iceland, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0244 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.023 Percentage of GDP | -5.7% |
| 2002 | 0.0384 Percentage of GDP | +67.0% |
| 2003 | 0.0537 Percentage of GDP | +39.8% |
| 2004 | 0.0455 Percentage of GDP | -15.3% |
| 2005 | 0.0384 Percentage of GDP | -15.6% |
| 2006 | 0.0644 Percentage of GDP | +67.7% |
| 2007 | 0.0737 Percentage of GDP | +14.4% |
| 2008 | 0.072 Percentage of GDP | -2.3% |
| 2009 | 0.0061 Percentage of GDP | -91.5% |
| 2010 | 0.0299 Percentage of GDP | +390.2% |
| 2011 | 0.0515 Percentage of GDP | +72.2% |
| 2012 | 0.0589 Percentage of GDP | +14.4% |
| 2013 | 0.0646 Percentage of GDP | +9.7% |
| 2014 | 0.0695 Percentage of GDP | +7.6% |
| 2015 | 0.0705 Percentage of GDP | +1.4% |
| 2016 | 0.0946 Percentage of GDP | +34.2% |
| 2017 | 0.0867 Percentage of GDP | -8.4% |
| 2018 | 0.092 Percentage of GDP | +6.1% |
| 2019 | 0.0555 Percentage of GDP | -39.7% |
| 2020 | 0.0694 Percentage of GDP | +25.0% |
| 2021 | 0.0933 Percentage of GDP | +34.4% |
| 2022 | 0.1233 Percentage of GDP | +32.2% |
| 2023 | 0.1777 Percentage of GDP | +44.1% |
| 2024 | 0.1602 Percentage of GDP | -9.8% |
Iceland compared with similar countries
- Iceland's 0.1602 Percentage of GDP is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.0556 Percentage of GDP, 2.9× the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Iceland's 0.1602 Percentage of GDP is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0772 Percentage of GDP, 2.1× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Iceland changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | +390.2% | 0.0061 Percentage of GDP | 0.0299 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.044 Percentage of GDP | 0.0061 Percentage of GDP | 0.0737 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0674 Percentage of GDP | 0.0299 Percentage of GDP | 0.0946 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1248 Percentage of GDP | 0.0694 Percentage of GDP | 0.1777 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near Iceland
- 1 Russian Federation 0.3503 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Israel 0.3445 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Türkiye 0.1333 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 United Kingdom 0.1305 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 United States 0.1222 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 France 0.1479 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Estonia 0.1197 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Sweden 0.1207 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Germany 0.1124 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Netherlands 0.1158 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Iceland
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.96 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -851.71 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0221 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -2,170 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -201.70 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -107.12 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0052 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -514.02 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 20.76 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Iceland?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Iceland was 0.1602 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Iceland?
- The highest recorded value was 0.1777 Percentage of GDP in 2023.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Iceland?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0061 Percentage of GDP in 2009.
- How does Iceland rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- Iceland ranks 3rd out of 38 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in Iceland?
- Over the last ten years it is up 130.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Iceland data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government-financed BERD. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.