R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Estonia
Estonia: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.7981 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ▲ Rising
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Estonia, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Estonia stood at 0.7981 Percentage of GDP.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 9.3% on the previous year and up 14.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Estonia peaked at 0.8795 Percentage of GDP in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.3076 Percentage of GDP, in 2001.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.3314 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.3076 Percentage of GDP | -7.2% |
| 2002 | 0.3836 Percentage of GDP | +24.7% |
| 2003 | 0.3715 Percentage of GDP | -3.2% |
| 2004 | 0.373 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
| 2005 | 0.3988 Percentage of GDP | +6.9% |
| 2006 | 0.4957 Percentage of GDP | +24.3% |
| 2007 | 0.4726 Percentage of GDP | -4.7% |
| 2008 | 0.6262 Percentage of GDP | +32.5% |
| 2009 | 0.6819 Percentage of GDP | +8.9% |
| 2010 | 0.697 Percentage of GDP | +2.2% |
| 2011 | 0.7521 Percentage of GDP | +7.9% |
| 2012 | 0.8063 Percentage of GDP | +7.2% |
| 2013 | 0.8034 Percentage of GDP | -0.4% |
| 2014 | 0.6965 Percentage of GDP | -13.3% |
| 2015 | 0.6685 Percentage of GDP | -4.0% |
| 2016 | 0.6542 Percentage of GDP | -2.1% |
| 2017 | 0.5887 Percentage of GDP | -10.0% |
| 2018 | 0.6899 Percentage of GDP | +17.2% |
| 2019 | 0.6161 Percentage of GDP | -10.7% |
| 2020 | 0.6718 Percentage of GDP | +9.0% |
| 2021 | 0.6859 Percentage of GDP | +2.1% |
| 2022 | 0.7172 Percentage of GDP | +4.6% |
| 2023 | 0.8795 Percentage of GDP | +22.6% |
| 2024 | 0.7981 Percentage of GDP | -9.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.4442 Percentage of GDP | 0.3076 Percentage of GDP | 0.6819 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.6973 Percentage of GDP | 0.5887 Percentage of GDP | 0.8063 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.7505 Percentage of GDP | 0.6718 Percentage of GDP | 0.8795 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 3 Netherlands 0.9143 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Austria 1.13 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 United Kingdom 0.8936 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Germany 1.06 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Denmark 0.9525 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 United States 0.8808 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Norway 0.9202 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Croatia 0.6724 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Finland 0.9198 Percentage of GDP compare
- 8 France 0.9152 Percentage of GDP compare
- 8 Poland 0.5552 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Switzerland 0.9044 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Türkiye 0.5436 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 2.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.06 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances 43.22 Percentage of GDP (2029)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — A. 0.0249 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — D. 0.0431 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — E. Wider 0.0451 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — C. Trust 0.0727 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness (INDIGO) — B. Openess 0.0123 Index (2024)
- Index of digital trade integration and openness 0.1982 Index (2024)
- Corporate income tax (CIT) - statutory and targeted small business 22 Percentage of taxable income (2026)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Estonia?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Estonia was 0.7981 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.8795 Percentage of GDP in 2023.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.3076 Percentage of GDP in 2001.
- How does Estonia rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- Estonia ranks 6th out of 12 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 14.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government budgets for R&D and tax incentive support for business R&D (GBARD+GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.