Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and in Türkiye
Türkiye: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and in Türkiye, 1990–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in US dollars, PPP converted.
Analysis
In 2024, gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and in Türkiye stood at 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted. That is the highest value across all 35 years on record.
That represents a change of up 8.4% on the previous year and up 175.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and in Türkiye peaked at 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024 and was at its lowest, 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted, in 1990.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and in Türkiye, year by year
| Year | US dollars, PPP converted | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted | — |
| 1991 | 2,647 US dollars, PPP converted | +64.3% |
| 1992 | 2,601 US dollars, PPP converted | -1.7% |
| 1993 | 2,540 US dollars, PPP converted | -2.3% |
| 1994 | 1,961 US dollars, PPP converted | -22.8% |
| 1995 | 2,210 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.7% |
| 1996 | 2,826 US dollars, PPP converted | +27.9% |
| 1997 | 3,280 US dollars, PPP converted | +16.1% |
| 1998 | 3,418 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.2% |
| 1999 | 4,168 US dollars, PPP converted | +21.9% |
| 2000 | 4,554 US dollars, PPP converted | +9.3% |
| 2001 | 4,829 US dollars, PPP converted | +6.0% |
| 2002 | 5,008 US dollars, PPP converted | +3.7% |
| 2003 | 4,842 US dollars, PPP converted | -3.3% |
| 2004 | 5,682 US dollars, PPP converted | +17.4% |
| 2005 | 7,026 US dollars, PPP converted | +23.6% |
| 2006 | 7,372 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.9% |
| 2007 | 9,606 US dollars, PPP converted | +30.3% |
| 2008 | 9,705 US dollars, PPP converted | +1.0% |
| 2009 | 10,785 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2010 | 11,561 US dollars, PPP converted | +7.2% |
| 2011 | 12,843 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2012 | 14,018 US dollars, PPP converted | +9.1% |
| 2013 | 14,965 US dollars, PPP converted | +6.8% |
| 2014 | 16,523 US dollars, PPP converted | +10.4% |
| 2015 | 19,792 US dollars, PPP converted | +19.8% |
| 2016 | 23,674 US dollars, PPP converted | +19.6% |
| 2017 | 26,698 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.8% |
| 2018 | 29,659 US dollars, PPP converted | +11.1% |
| 2019 | 30,967 US dollars, PPP converted | +4.4% |
| 2020 | 32,703 US dollars, PPP converted | +5.6% |
| 2021 | 37,270 US dollars, PPP converted | +14.0% |
| 2022 | 37,223 US dollars, PPP converted | -0.1% |
| 2023 | 42,035 US dollars, PPP converted | +12.9% |
| 2024 | 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted | +8.4% |
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and in Türkiye changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | +64.3% | 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted | 2,647 US dollars, PPP converted |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2,726 US dollars, PPP converted | 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted | 4,168 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2000s | 6,941 US dollars, PPP converted | 4,554 US dollars, PPP converted | 10,785 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2010s | 20,070 US dollars, PPP converted | 11,561 US dollars, PPP converted | 30,967 US dollars, PPP converted | 10 |
| 2020s | 38,959 US dollars, PPP converted | 32,703 US dollars, PPP converted | 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted | 5 |
Countries ranked near Türkiye
- 1 United States 636,172 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 1 Japan 204,376 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 2 Germany 155,922 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 3 United Kingdom 102,458 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 3 France 79,386 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 4 Chinese Taipei 65,085 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 5 Poland 24,416 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 5 Russian Federation 46,621 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 6 Italy 41,760 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 6 Netherlands 14,730 US dollars, PPP converted compare
- 7 Spain 32,358 US dollars, PPP converted compare
More economy & growth data for Türkiye
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 2.98 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 3.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Annual growth US$, 2015 prices 3.87 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Annual growth US$ 15.14 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Annual growth Standard Local 3.87 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Annual growth Standard Local Currency 59.13 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Share of GDP Standard Local Currency 25.09 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Share of GDP Standard Local Currency 31 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Share of GDP US$, 2015 prices 25.09 % (2024)
- Gross Fixed Capital Formation — Share of GDP US$ 31 % (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and in Türkiye?
- Gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and in Türkiye was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and recorded in Türkiye?
- The highest recorded value was 45,563 US dollars, PPP converted in 2024.
- What is the lowest gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and recorded in Türkiye?
- The lowest recorded value was 1,611 US dollars, PPP converted in 1990.
- How does Türkiye rank for gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and?
- Türkiye ranks 4th out of 12 countries with data for 2024.
- Is gross domestic expenditure on r&d by sector of performance and rising or falling in Türkiye?
- Over the last ten years it is up 175.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Türkiye data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and socio-economic objectives — Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
This table contains data on Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by socio-economic objective (SEO), using the NABS 2007 classification i.e.: Exploration and exploitation of the Earth, Environment, Exploration and exploitation of space, Transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures, Energy, Industrial production and technology, Health, Agriculture, Education, Culture, recreation, religion and mass media, Political and social systems, structures and processes, General advancement of knowledge, and Defence.