R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD
OECD: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.1018 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ▼ Falling
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
OECD recorded 0.1018 Percentage of GDP for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in 2024.
That represents a change of up 0.4% on the previous year and up 8.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD peaked at 0.138 Percentage of GDP in 2009 and was at its lowest, 0.0824 Percentage of GDP, in 2019.
OECD ranks 8th of 38 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 25 years of available data.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.1246 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.1213 Percentage of GDP | -2.6% |
| 2002 | 0.1136 Percentage of GDP | -6.3% |
| 2003 | 0.1185 Percentage of GDP | +4.3% |
| 2004 | 0.1229 Percentage of GDP | +3.7% |
| 2005 | 0.1208 Percentage of GDP | -1.7% |
| 2006 | 0.124 Percentage of GDP | +2.6% |
| 2007 | 0.1273 Percentage of GDP | +2.7% |
| 2008 | 0.1257 Percentage of GDP | -1.3% |
| 2009 | 0.138 Percentage of GDP | +9.8% |
| 2010 | 0.1211 Percentage of GDP | -12.2% |
| 2011 | 0.1108 Percentage of GDP | -8.5% |
| 2012 | 0.1067 Percentage of GDP | -3.7% |
| 2013 | 0.1018 Percentage of GDP | -4.6% |
| 2014 | 0.0941 Percentage of GDP | -7.6% |
| 2015 | 0.0947 Percentage of GDP | +0.6% |
| 2016 | 0.0841 Percentage of GDP | -11.2% |
| 2017 | 0.0864 Percentage of GDP | +2.7% |
| 2018 | 0.0865 Percentage of GDP | +0.1% |
| 2019 | 0.0824 Percentage of GDP | -4.7% |
| 2020 | 0.1004 Percentage of GDP | +21.8% |
| 2021 | 0.0897 Percentage of GDP | -10.7% |
| 2022 | 0.0982 Percentage of GDP | +9.5% |
| 2023 | 0.1014 Percentage of GDP | +3.3% |
| 2024 | 0.1018 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.1237 Percentage of GDP | 0.1136 Percentage of GDP | 0.138 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0969 Percentage of GDP | 0.0824 Percentage of GDP | 0.1211 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.0983 Percentage of GDP | 0.0897 Percentage of GDP | 0.1018 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near OECD
- 5 Estonia 0.1197 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Sweden 0.1207 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Germany 0.1124 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Netherlands 0.1158 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Austria 0.1095 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Poland 0.0836 Percentage of GDP compare
- 8 Slovenia 0.0711 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Greece 0.1012 Percentage of GDP compare
- 10 Latvia 0.0143 Percentage of GDP compare
- 10 Norway 0.1007 Percentage of GDP compare
- 11 Croatia 0.0107 Percentage of GDP compare
- 11 Portugal 0.0967 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for OECD
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.86 Percent per annum (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.62 Percent per annum (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances 39.87 Percentage of GDP (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 14.77 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 17 - Trade by 6.88 million US dollar (2022)
- Environmentally related tax revenue 1.33 Percentage of GDP (2024)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 28 - International trade 50.6 Percentage of merchandise value (2020)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 196.21 Percentage of GDP (2019)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 60.43 Percentage of GDP (2019)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 3.43 Percentage of GDP (2019)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD was 0.1018 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in OECD?
- The highest recorded value was 0.138 Percentage of GDP in 2009.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in OECD?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0824 Percentage of GDP in 2019.
- How does OECD rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- OECD ranks 8th out of 38 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in OECD?
- Over the last ten years it is up 8.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this OECD data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government-financed BERD. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.