Public expenditure on education by education level and programme orientation - as % of GDP by country
Countries reporting
41
Highest
1.7%
Iceland
Lowest
0.1%
Serbia
Median
0.7%
Years covered
12
2012–2023
Data points
451
What the numbers show
Public expenditure on education by education level and programme orientation - as % of GDP is currently reported for 41 countries. The highest value is 1.7% in Iceland; the lowest is 0.1% in Serbia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.7%, and the mean is 0.7%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 34.
Over the past decade 22 countries rose and 17 fell. The largest increase was in Estonia (up 257.1%), and the largest decrease in Lithuania (down 49.3%).
Public expenditure on education by education level and programme: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 1.7% | 2023 | up 16.7% | rising |
| 2 | Sweden | 1.6% | 2023 | down 14.1% | falling |
| 3 | Finland | 1.3% | 2023 | up 14.4% | rising |
| 4 | Estonia | 1.2% | 2023 | up 257.1% | rising |
| 4 | Estonia | 1.2% | 2023 | up 257.1% | rising |
| 6 | Norway | 1.2% | 2023 | down 16.8% | falling |
| 7 | Latvia | 1.1% | 2023 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 7 | Latvia | 1.1% | 2023 | up 36.6% | rising |
| 9 | Bulgaria | 1.1% | 2023 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 10 | Lithuania | 1.1% | 2023 | down 49.3% | flat |
| 10 | Lithuania | 1.1% | 2023 | down 49.3% | flat |
| 12 | Germany | 1.0% | 2023 | up 60.9% | rising |
| 13 | Denmark | 0.9% | 2023 | down 20.3% | falling |
| 14 | Slovenia | 0.8% | 2023 | down 15.5% | falling |
| 14 | Slovenia | 0.8% | 2023 | down 15.5% | falling |
| 16 | Poland | 0.8% | 2023 | up 35.6% | rising |
| 16 | Poland | 0.8% | 2023 | up 35.6% | rising |
| 18 | Austria | 0.7% | 2023 | up 32.7% | rising |
| 19 | Slovakia | 0.7% | 2023 | up 61.4% | rising |
| 19 | Slovakia | 0.7% | 2023 | up 61.4% | rising |
| 21 | France | 0.7% | 2023 | down 5.7% | flat |
| 22 | Hungary | 0.6% | 2023 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 23 | Spain | 0.6% | 2023 | down 3.2% | flat |
| 24 | Czechia | 0.6% | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 25 | Luxembourg | 0.6% | 2023 | up 5.7% | falling |
| 25 | Croatia | 0.6% | 2022 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 25 | Croatia | 0.6% | 2022 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 28 | Italy | 0.4% | 2023 | down 2.2% | falling |
| 29 | Switzerland | 0.4% | 2023 | up 133.3% | rising |
| 30 | Romania | 0.4% | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 31 | Netherlands | 0.4% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 31 | Netherlands | 0.4% | 2023 | unchanged | flat |
| 33 | Portugal | 0.4% | 2023 | down 11.9% | falling |
| 34 | Malta | 0.3% | 2023 | down 23.3% | falling |
| 35 | Cyprus | 0.3% | 2023 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 36 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.2% | 2019 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 36 | United Kingdom | 0.2% | 2019 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 38 | Türkiye | 0.2% | 2023 | up 26.3% | rising |
| 39 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.2% | 2021 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 40 | Ireland | 0.1% | 2022 | up 18.2% | rising |
| 41 | Serbia | 0.1% | 2022 | down 16.7% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.