Gross capital formation in Middle income
Middle income: Gross capital formation was 2.7% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in Middle income, 1996–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in annual % growth.
Analysis
In 2025, gross capital formation in Middle income stood at 2.7%.
That represents a change of down 22.5% on the previous year and up 75.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Middle income peaked at 56.8% in 2002 and was at its lowest, -23.7%, in 1998.
That places Middle income 22nd out of 38 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation in Middle income, year by year
| Year | annual % growth | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | -15.0% | — |
| 1997 | 0.7% | -104.9% |
| 1998 | -23.7% | -3336.2% |
| 1999 | -10.5% | -55.7% |
| 2000 | -7.3% | -30.6% |
| 2001 | -0.2% | -97.0% |
| 2002 | 56.8% | -26082.4% |
| 2003 | -18.0% | -131.7% |
| 2004 | 51.1% | -384.3% |
| 2005 | 3.1% | -93.9% |
| 2006 | 19.2% | +512.5% |
| 2007 | 38.9% | +103.2% |
| 2008 | 9.0% | -76.8% |
| 2009 | 10.1% | +11.6% |
| 2010 | 14.9% | +48.2% |
| 2011 | 6.7% | -55.0% |
| 2012 | 6.1% | -9.4% |
| 2013 | 5.7% | -6.4% |
| 2014 | 5.3% | -6.1% |
| 2015 | 1.5% | -71.1% |
| 2016 | 5.7% | +269.3% |
| 2017 | 6.5% | +14.2% |
| 2018 | 5.6% | -14.5% |
| 2019 | 1.9% | -65.5% |
| 2020 | -0.8% | -141.7% |
| 2021 | 7.4% | -1017.5% |
| 2022 | 3.4% | -54.3% |
| 2023 | 3.3% | -1.2% |
| 2024 | 3.5% | +5.5% |
| 2025 | 2.7% | -22.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -12.1% | -23.7% | 0.7% | 4 |
| 2000s | 16.3% | -18.0% | 56.8% | 10 |
| 2010s | 6.0% | 1.5% | 14.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.2% | -0.8% | 7.4% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Middle income
More economy & growth data for Middle income
- Services, value added 57.9% (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 13.23 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Trade in services 8.2% (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 4.2% (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 32.4% (2025)
- Services, value added 23.64 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Services, value added 22.22 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
- Services, value added 5.0% (2025)
- GDP per capita 6,779 current US$ (2025)
- GDP growth 4.5% (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Middle income?
- Gross capital formation in Middle income was 2.7% in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 56.8% in 2002.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was -23.7% in 1998.
- How does Middle income rank for gross capital formation?
- Middle income ranks 22nd out of 38 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 75.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (annual % growth). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.