Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure by country

Name: Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure
Creator: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
License: OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)

Countries reporting

188

Highest

117.81 Percentage of GDP

Tuvalu

Lowest

6.6 Percentage of GDP

Somalia

Median

28.47 Percentage of GDP

Years covered

2000–2029

Data points

7,002

What the numbers show

Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure is currently reported for 188 countries. The highest value is 117.81 Percentage of GDP in Tuvalu; the lowest is 6.6 Percentage of GDP in Somalia.

The median across all reporting countries is 28.47 Percentage of GDP, and the mean is 31.47 Percentage of GDP.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 18.

Over the past decade 104 countries rose and 84 fell. The largest increase was in Zimbabwe (up 123.3%), and the largest decrease in Venezuela (down 60.6%).

Africa's Development: Public finances General government … 16: full country ranking

#	Country	Latest	Year	10-year change	Trend
1	Tuvalu	117.81 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.4%	rising
1	Timor-Leste	74.64 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 9.9%	falling
1	Lesotho	48.49 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 9.4%	rising
2	Kiribati	103.28 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.6%	rising
2	Micronesia	66.37 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 15.6%	flat
2	Croatia	44.62 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 1.0%	falling
3	Nauru	77.85 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 26.5%	rising
3	Poland	47.98 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 14.6%	rising
4	Marshall Islands	68.76 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.6%	rising
4	Moldova	36 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 12.5%	flat
5	Belgium	56.19 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 8.3%	rising
5	Netherlands	46.7 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 10.9%	flat
6	France	55.73 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.7%	rising
6	Slovenia	45.79 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 5.6%	flat
7	Finland	53.73 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.7%	rising
7	Estonia	43.22 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 10.4%	rising
8	Austria	51.15 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 5.1%	flat
9	Luxembourg	50.23 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 16.5%	rising
10	Italy	50 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.2%	rising
10	Latvia	38.69 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.7%	rising
10	Fiji	30.19 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 0.3%	rising
11	Denmark	49.73 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.1%	falling
11	Eswatini	29.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 14.3%	rising
12	Kuwait	48.68 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 3.8%	rising
12	Lithuania	36.84 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.2%	rising
13	Sweden	48.6 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 1.0%	falling
13	Cabo Verde	26.54 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 3.5%	falling
14	Germany	47.78 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 6.2%	flat
15	Libya	47.37 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.1%	rising
15	Equatorial Guinea	24.23 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 44.3%	rising
16	Palau	47.06 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 10.2%	rising
16	Türkiye	32.83 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 5.8%	falling
17	Iraq	46.15 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 30.9%	falling
18	Brazil	46 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 1.7%	rising
18	Mauritania	23.53 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 32.0%	rising
19	Hungary	45.22 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 1.9%	falling
20	Greece	45.1 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.2%	flat
21	Spain	45.05 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 6.5%	rising
22	Montenegro	44.86 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.0%	flat
22	Syrian Arab Republic	28.64 Percentage of GDP	2010	up 4.6%	falling
23	Serbia	44.52 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 5.9%	rising
24	Tonga	44.17 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 14.6%	rising
25	Norway	44.08 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 12.2%	flat
26	United Kingdom	43.06 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.2%	rising
26	Madagascar	16.84 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.6%	rising
27	Ukraine	43.03 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.7%	rising
28	Iceland	42.49 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.5%	falling
28	Ethiopia	11.18 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 27.2%	falling
29	Czechia	42.4 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.3%	flat
30	Portugal	42.34 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 0.2%	falling
31	Dominica	42.23 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.1%	rising
32	Cyprus	41.85 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.8%	rising
32	Viet Nam	21.71 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.6%	flat
33	Canada	41.55 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.4%	rising
34	Bosnia and Herzegovina	41.07 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.9%	falling
35	Japan	40.23 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 7.9%	rising
36	Israel	40.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.8%	falling
37	OECD	39.87 Percentage of GDP	2028	up 4.4%	rising
38	Ecuador	39.72 Percentage of GDP	2023	down 15.1%	rising
39	Vanuatu	38.65 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.9%	rising
40	New Zealand	38.36 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 1.2%	rising
41	Bulgaria	38.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 6.5%	rising
42	Kyrgyzstan	37.39 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 21.2%	rising
43	United States	37.25 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.9%	rising
44	Romania	37.18 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.6%	rising
45	Belarus	37.16 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 0.5%	falling
46	Andorra	36.99 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.2%	rising
46	Democratic Republic of the Congo	15.73 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 18.0%	rising
47	Russia	36.93 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.4%	rising
48	Saint Kitts and Nevis	36.32 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.5%	rising
49	North Macedonia	36.14 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 15.1%	rising
50	Malta	36.08 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 1.2%	falling
51	Samoa	35.8 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 12.8%	rising
52	China	34.84 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.0%	rising
53	Namibia	34.58 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 7.6%	rising
54	Australia	34.29 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 11.8%	flat
55	Mongolia	33.91 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 10.0%	flat
56	Bolivia	33.78 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.3%	rising
57	Maldives	33.33 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 0.8%	rising
58	Argentina	33.18 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 13.0%	rising
59	South Africa	32.99 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 5.1%	rising
60	Switzerland	32.15 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.6%	flat
61	Tunisia	32.04 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 8.5%	rising
62	Uzbekistan	31.94 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 17.8%	rising
63	Algeria	31.9 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 14.0%	rising
64	Colombia	31.68 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 3.6%	rising
65	Bhutan	31.49 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 29.9%	falling
66	Eritrea	31.26 Percentage of GDP	2019	down 30.4%	falling
67	Jamaica	30.93 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.6%	flat
68	El Salvador	30.9 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 13.6%	rising
69	Seychelles	30.87 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 1.0%	falling
70	Albania	30.36 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.4%	flat
71	Tajikistan	30.22 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.9%	rising
72	Solomon Islands	29.87 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 11.4%	rising
73	Uruguay	29.83 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.1%	rising
74	Georgia	29.75 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.8%	rising
75	Morocco	29.32 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 7.2%	rising
76	Azerbaijan	29.25 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 10.0%	rising
77	Armenia	29.04 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 16.6%	rising
78	Saudi Arabia	28.98 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 13.9%	flat
79	Jordan	28.84 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.0%	falling
80	Botswana	28.3 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 22.3%	falling
81	Trinidad and Tobago	28.04 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 8.9%	rising
82	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	27.39 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.0%	rising
83	Mauritius	27.23 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.1%	rising
84	Burkina Faso	27.22 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 16.1%	rising
85	Mali	27.15 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 17.3%	rising
86	Grenada	27.07 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 25.1%	flat
87	Senegal	27.01 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.6%	rising
88	India	27 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.6%	flat
89	Honduras	26.87 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.5%	rising
90	Barbados	26.86 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.0%	flat
91	Mexico	26.18 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 3.7%	rising
92	United Arab Emirates	26.18 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 8.0%	rising
93	Zimbabwe	26.14 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 123.3%	rising
94	Zambia	26.05 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 12.7%	rising
95	Chile	25.98 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 1.9%	rising
96	Burundi	25.91 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 10.0%	falling
97	Gabon	25.71 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 47.3%	flat
98	Bahrain	25.55 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 21.8%	rising
99	Nepal	25.47 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.8%	rising
100	Suriname	25.37 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 37.4%	rising
101	Rwanda	25.16 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 10.8%	rising
102	Nicaragua	25.11 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 9.1%	rising
103	Brunei Darussalam	24.6 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 24.2%	falling
104	Philippines	24.4 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 12.3%	rising
105	Ireland	24.35 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.2%	falling
106	Belize	24.22 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 11.8%	rising
107	Oman	23.9 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 38.4%	falling
108	Saint Lucia	23.78 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 5.0%	rising
109	Liberia	23.66 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 26.8%	rising
110	Myanmar	23.66 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 16.8%	rising
111	Thailand	23.6 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 15.4%	rising
112	Qatar	23.57 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 27.4%	falling
113	Sao Tome and Principe	23.47 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 2.8%	falling
114	South Sudan	23.35 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 51.3%	falling
115	Egypt	23.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 13.7%	falling
116	Kenya	23 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 5.8%	rising
117	Bahamas	22.6 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.6%	rising
118	Togo	22.32 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 34.7%	rising
119	Sierra Leone	22.12 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 4.0%	rising
120	Mozambique	21.88 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 21.8%	rising
121	Kazakhstan	21.72 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 7.3%	flat
122	Antigua and Barbuda	21.71 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.7%	falling
123	Ghana	21.42 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.8%	rising
124	Côte d’Ivoire	21.01 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 22.1%	rising
125	Paraguay	21 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.9%	rising
126	Gambia	20.98 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 12.4%	rising
127	Uganda	20.92 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 14.5%	rising
128	Niger	20.79 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 3.6%	rising
129	Malawi	20.59 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 6.6%	rising
130	Peru	20.45 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 3.4%	rising
131	San Marino	20.33 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 9.4%	rising
132	Benin	20.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 38.4%	rising
133	Malaysia	19.87 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 15.7%	falling
134	Guinea-Bissau	19.77 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 5.2%	rising
135	Yemen	19.58 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 48.3%	falling
136	Papua New Guinea	19.54 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 5.8%	flat
137	Panama	19.52 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 7.2%	falling
138	Tanzania	19.4 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 12.2%	rising
139	Djibouti	19.37 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 22.2%	falling
140	Congo	19.05 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 5.5%	falling
141	Comoros	18.77 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.8%	rising
142	Laos	18.72 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 0.6%	flat
143	Sri Lanka	18.52 Percentage of GDP	2022	up 7.0%	falling
144	Central African Republic	18.52 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.5%	rising
145	Indonesia	17.88 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.3%	flat
146	Singapore	17.38 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 24.1%	rising
147	Dominican Republic	17.34 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 2.9%	rising
148	Costa Rica	17.21 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 20.6%	rising
149	Nigeria	17.2 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 37.3%	falling
150	Pakistan	16.94 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 11.1%	rising
151	Cameroon	16.85 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 9.7%	rising
152	Cambodia	16.5 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 6.2%	rising
153	Guinea	16.43 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.7%	rising
154	Afghanistan	16.12 Percentage of GDP	2022	down 35.6%	rising
155	Chad	16.1 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 52.7%	rising
156	Guyana	15.94 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 43.3%	falling
157	Angola	15.73 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 22.9%	falling
158	Iran	15.41 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 9.0%	falling
159	Bangladesh	15.17 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.9%	rising
160	Guatemala	15 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.6%	rising
161	Venezuela	14.38 Percentage of GDP	2023	down 60.6%	falling
162	Lebanon	12.67 Percentage of GDP	2022	down 58.1%	falling
163	Sudan	12.08 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 35.3%	falling
164	Turkmenistan	11.08 Percentage of GDP	2029	down 4.2%	flat
165	Haiti	10.7 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 11.6%	flat
166	Somalia	6.6 Percentage of GDP	2029	up 97.6%	rising

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

Slovak Republic 44.54 Percentage of GDP
European Union (27 countries) 47.78 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa 34.71 Percentage of GDP
World 34.11 Percentage of GDP
Arab Maghreb Union (UMA) 33.38 Percentage of GDP
High income countries (excluding Latin American and Caribbean countries) 40.2 Percentage of GDP
Latin America and the Caribbean 32.96 Percentage of GDP
High income countries 39.98 Percentage of GDP
Resource-rich countries 30.37 Percentage of GDP
MERCOSUR 37.73 Percentage of GDP
Southern Africa (African Union) 28.57 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa, non-resource-rich countries 35.08 Percentage of GDP
Africa, upper-middle income countries (World Bank) 34.49 Percentage of GDP
Southern African Development Community (SADC) 25.98 Percentage of GDP
Non-resource-rich countries 34.44 Percentage of GDP
Korea 24.21 Percentage of GDP
Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) 32.78 Percentage of GDP
Africa 23.63 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa, upper-middle income countries (World Bank) 32.74 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa, resource-rich countries 30.41 Percentage of GDP
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) 23.04 Percentage of GDP
Africa, resource-rich countries 30.03 Percentage of GDP
ASEAN 20.24 Percentage of GDP
Asia (excluding high income countries) 29.15 Percentage of GDP
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 19.09 Percentage of GDP
Small Island Developing States 18.95 Percentage of GDP
North Africa (African Union) 28.41 Percentage of GDP
Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) 17.95 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa, landlocked developing countries 26.33 Percentage of GDP
Central Africa (African Union) 17.88 Percentage of GDP
Africa, small island developing states 25.96 Percentage of GDP
Least Developed Countries 17.54 Percentage of GDP
World outside Africa, lower-middle income countries (World Bank) 24.76 Percentage of GDP
Lower-middle income countries (World Bank) 24.44 Percentage of GDP
Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) 16.25 Percentage of GDP
Land Locked Developing Countries 23.81 Percentage of GDP
Africa, lower-middle income countries (World Bank) 23.16 Percentage of GDP
Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN–SAD) 22.97 Percentage of GDP
Africa, non-resource-rich countries 22.57 Percentage of GDP
East African Community 20.7 Percentage of GDP

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Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances by country. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 14 October 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/africa-s-development-dynamics-afdd-table-16-public-finances-general-government-expenditure/

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About this data

Indicator: Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure
Unit: Percentage of GDP
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence: OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage: 240 places, 7,002 data points, 2000–2029
Last refreshed: 18 August 2026

The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual website which links to the electronic version of the Africa's Development Dynamics book in both English and French. Table 16 shows data on public finance, including taxes, revenues, expenditure, and debt. Some of these figures are not available at the national level, but only for aggregations of groups of countries.