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Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure by country

The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual...

Countries reporting
166
Highest
117.81 Percentage of GDP
Tuvalu
Lowest
6.6 Percentage of GDP
Somalia
Median
27.22 Percentage of GDP
Years covered
30
2000–2029
Data points
7,002

What the numbers show

Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure is currently reported for 166 countries. The highest value is 117.81 Percentage of GDP in Tuvalu; the lowest is 6.6 Percentage of GDP in Somalia.

The median across all reporting countries is 27.22 Percentage of GDP, and the mean is 30.88 Percentage of GDP.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 18.

Over the past decade 89 countries rose and 77 fell. The largest increase was in Zimbabwe (up 123.3%), and the largest decrease in Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of (down 60.6%).

Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Tuvalu 117.81 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.4% rising
2 Kiribati 103.28 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.6% rising
3 Naoero 77.85 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 26.5% rising
4 Marshall Islands 68.76 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.6% rising
5 Belgium 56.19 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 8.3% rising
6 France 55.73 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.7% rising
7 Finland 53.73 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.7% rising
8 Austria 51.15 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 5.1% flat
9 Luxembourg 50.23 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 16.5% rising
10 Italy 50 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.2% rising
11 Denmark 49.73 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.1% falling
12 Kuwait 48.68 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 3.8% rising
13 Sweden 48.6 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 1.0% falling
14 Germany 47.78 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 6.2% flat
15 Libya 47.37 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.1% rising
16 Palau 47.06 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 10.2% rising
17 Iraq 46.15 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 30.9% falling
18 Brazil 46 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 1.7% rising
19 Hungary 45.22 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 1.9% falling
20 Greece 45.1 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.2% flat
21 Spain 45.05 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 6.5% rising
22 Montenegro 44.86 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 2.0% flat
23 Serbia 44.52 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 5.9% rising
24 Tonga 44.17 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 14.6% rising
25 Norway 44.08 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 12.2% flat
26 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 43.06 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.2% rising
27 Ukraine 43.03 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.7% rising
28 Iceland 42.49 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.5% falling
29 Czechia 42.4 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.3% flat
30 Portugal 42.34 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 0.2% falling
31 Dominica 42.23 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.1% rising
32 Cyprus 41.85 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.8% rising
33 Canada 41.55 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 2.4% rising
34 Bosnia and Herzegovina 41.07 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 2.9% falling
35 Japan 40.23 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 7.9% rising
36 Israel 40.21 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.8% falling
37 OECD 39.87 Percentage of GDP 2028 up 4.4% rising
38 Ecuador 39.72 Percentage of GDP 2023 down 15.1% rising
39 Vanuatu 38.65 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.9% rising
40 New Zealand 38.36 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 1.2% rising
41 Bulgaria 38.21 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 6.5% rising
42 Kyrgyzstan 37.39 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 21.2% rising
43 United States of America 37.25 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.9% rising
44 Romania 37.18 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.6% rising
45 Belarus 37.16 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 0.5% falling
46 Andorra 36.99 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.2% rising
47 Russian Federation 36.93 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.4% rising
48 Saint Kitts and Nevis 36.32 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.5% rising
49 North Macedonia 36.14 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 15.1% rising
50 Malta 36.08 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 1.2% falling
51 Samoa 35.8 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 12.8% rising
52 China 34.84 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 2.0% rising
53 Namibia 34.58 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 7.6% rising
54 Australia 34.29 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 11.8% flat
55 Mongolia 33.91 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 10.0% flat
56 Bolivia, Plurinational State of 33.78 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.3% rising
57 Maldives 33.33 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 0.8% rising
58 Argentina 33.18 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 13.0% rising
59 South Africa 32.99 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 5.1% rising
60 Switzerland 32.15 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.6% flat
61 Tunisia 32.04 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 8.5% rising
62 Uzbekistan 31.94 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 17.8% rising
63 Algeria 31.9 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 14.0% rising
64 Colombia 31.68 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 3.6% rising
65 Bhutan 31.49 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 29.9% falling
66 Eritrea 31.26 Percentage of GDP 2019 down 30.4% falling
67 Jamaica 30.93 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.6% flat
68 El Salvador 30.9 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 13.6% rising
69 Seychelles 30.87 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 1.0% falling
70 Albania 30.36 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.4% flat
71 Tajikistan 30.22 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.9% rising
72 Solomon Islands 29.87 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 11.4% rising
73 Uruguay 29.83 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.1% rising
74 Georgia 29.75 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.8% rising
75 Morocco 29.32 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 7.2% rising
76 Azerbaijan 29.25 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 10.0% rising
77 Armenia 29.04 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 16.6% rising
78 Saudi Arabia 28.98 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 13.9% flat
79 Jordan 28.84 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.0% falling
80 Botswana 28.3 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 22.3% falling
81 Trinidad and Tobago 28.04 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 8.9% rising
82 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 27.39 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.0% rising
83 Mauritius 27.23 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.1% rising
84 Burkina Faso 27.22 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 16.1% rising
85 Mali 27.15 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 17.3% rising
86 Grenada 27.07 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 25.1% flat
87 Senegal 27.01 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.6% rising
88 India 27 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.6% flat
89 Honduras 26.87 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.5% rising
90 Barbados 26.86 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.0% flat
91 Mexico 26.18 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 3.7% rising
92 United Arab Emirates 26.18 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 8.0% rising
93 Zimbabwe 26.14 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 123.3% rising
94 Zambia 26.05 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 12.7% rising
95 Chile 25.98 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 1.9% rising
96 Burundi 25.91 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 10.0% falling
97 Gabon 25.71 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 47.3% flat
98 Bahrain 25.55 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 21.8% rising
99 Nepal 25.47 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.8% rising
100 Suriname 25.37 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 37.4% rising
101 Rwanda 25.16 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 10.8% rising
102 Nicaragua 25.11 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 9.1% rising
103 Brunei Darussalam 24.6 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 24.2% falling
104 Philippines 24.4 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 12.3% rising
105 Ireland 24.35 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.2% falling
106 Belize 24.22 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 11.8% rising
107 Oman 23.9 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 38.4% falling
108 Saint Lucia 23.78 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 5.0% rising
109 Liberia 23.66 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 26.8% rising
110 Myanmar 23.66 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 16.8% rising
111 Thailand 23.6 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 15.4% rising
112 Qatar 23.57 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 27.4% falling
113 Sao Tome and Principe 23.47 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 2.8% falling
114 South Sudan 23.35 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 51.3% falling
115 Egypt 23.21 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 13.7% falling
116 Kenya 23 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 5.8% rising
117 Bahamas 22.6 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.6% rising
118 Togo 22.32 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 34.7% rising
119 Sierra Leone 22.12 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 4.0% rising
120 Mozambique 21.88 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 21.8% rising
121 Kazakhstan 21.72 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 7.3% flat
122 Antigua and Barbuda 21.71 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.7% falling
123 Ghana 21.42 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.8% rising
124 Côte d’Ivoire 21.01 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 22.1% rising
125 Paraguay 21 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.9% rising
126 Gambia 20.98 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 12.4% rising
127 Uganda 20.92 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 14.5% rising
128 Niger 20.79 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 3.6% rising
129 Malawi 20.59 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 6.6% rising
130 Peru 20.45 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 3.4% rising
131 San Marino 20.33 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 9.4% rising
132 Benin 20.21 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 38.4% rising
133 Malaysia 19.87 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 15.7% falling
134 Guinea-Bissau 19.77 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 5.2% rising
135 Yemen 19.58 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 48.3% falling
136 Papua New Guinea 19.54 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 5.8% flat
137 Panama 19.52 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 7.2% falling
138 Tanzania, United Republic of 19.4 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 12.2% rising
139 Djibouti 19.37 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 22.2% falling
140 Congo 19.05 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 5.5% falling
141 Comoros 18.77 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.8% rising
142 Lao People's Democratic Republic 18.72 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 0.6% flat
143 Sri Lanka 18.52 Percentage of GDP 2022 up 7.0% falling
144 Central African Republic 18.52 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.5% rising
145 Indonesia 17.88 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.3% flat
146 Singapore 17.38 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 24.1% rising
147 Dominican Republic 17.34 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 2.9% rising
148 Costa Rica 17.21 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 20.6% rising
149 Nigeria 17.2 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 37.3% falling
150 Pakistan 16.94 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 11.1% rising
151 Cameroon 16.85 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 9.7% rising
152 Cambodia 16.5 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 6.2% rising
153 Guinea 16.43 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.7% rising
154 Afghanistan 16.12 Percentage of GDP 2022 down 35.6% rising
155 Chad 16.1 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 52.7% rising
156 Guyana 15.94 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 43.3% falling
157 Angola 15.73 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 22.9% falling
158 Iran, Islamic Republic of 15.41 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 9.0% falling
159 Bangladesh 15.17 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.9% rising
160 Guatemala 15 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.6% rising
161 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 14.38 Percentage of GDP 2023 down 60.6% falling
162 Lebanon 12.67 Percentage of GDP 2022 down 58.1% falling
163 Sudan 12.08 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 35.3% falling
164 Turkmenistan 11.08 Percentage of GDP 2029 down 4.2% flat
165 Haiti 10.7 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 11.6% flat
166 Somalia 6.6 Percentage of GDP 2029 up 97.6% rising

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

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Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances by country. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 27 August 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/africa-s-development-dynamics-afdd-table-16-public-finances-general-government-expenditure/

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About this data

Indicator
Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure
Unit
Percentage of GDP
Source
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence
OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
240 places, 7,002 data points, 2000–2029
Last refreshed

The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual website which links to the electronic version of the Africa's Development Dynamics book in both English and French. Table 16 shows data on public finance, including taxes, revenues, expenditure, and debt. Some of these figures are not available at the national level, but only for aggregations of groups of countries.