Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)

Upper-middle income countries (World Bank): Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances was 32.78 Percentage of GDP in 2028. ▲ Rising

Latest (2028)
32.78 Percentage of GDP
Change on year
up 0.2%
Rank
17th
of 46 regions
All-time high
34.47 Percentage of GDP
in 2020
All-time low
21.9 Percentage of GDP
in 2000
Years of data
29
2000–2028

Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank), 2000–2028

01020302000201420282000: 21.9 Percentage of GDP2001: 25.5 Percentage of GDP2002: 26.3 Percentage of GDP2003: 25.5 Percentage of GDP2004: 25.4 Percentage of GDP2005: 25 Percentage of GDP2006: 24.9 Percentage of GDP2007: 25.1 Percentage of GDP2008: 27.6 Percentage of GDP2009: 29.8 Percentage of GDP2010: 28.7 Percentage of GDP2011: 29 Percentage of GDP2012: 29.8 Percentage of GDP2013: 30.3 Percentage of GDP2014: 30.4 Percentage of GDP2015: 31.9 Percentage of GDP2016: 32 Percentage of GDP2017: 31.6 Percentage of GDP2018: 31.7 Percentage of GDP2019: 32.3 Percentage of GDP2020: 34.5 Percentage of GDP2021: 31.8 Percentage of GDP2022: 32.1 Percentage of GDP2023: 32.9 Percentage of GDP2024: 32.9 Percentage of GDP2025: 32.7 Percentage of GDP2026: 32.7 Percentage of GDP2027: 32.7 Percentage of GDP2028: 32.8 Percentage of GDP

Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.

Analysis

Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) recorded 32.78 Percentage of GDP for africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances in 2028.

Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.2% on the previous year and up 3.5% over ten years.

Over the whole period, africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) peaked at 34.47 Percentage of GDP in 2020 and was at its lowest, 21.9 Percentage of GDP, in 2000.

That places Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) 17th out of 46 regions with data for 2028, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 29 years of available data.

Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank), year by year

Annual values for Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank), 2000 to 2028.
Year Percentage of GDP Change
2000 21.9 Percentage of GDP
2001 25.52 Percentage of GDP +16.5%
2002 26.29 Percentage of GDP +3.0%
2003 25.48 Percentage of GDP -3.1%
2004 25.38 Percentage of GDP -0.4%
2005 25.04 Percentage of GDP -1.3%
2006 24.91 Percentage of GDP -0.5%
2007 25.11 Percentage of GDP +0.8%
2008 27.59 Percentage of GDP +9.9%
2009 29.84 Percentage of GDP +8.1%
2010 28.74 Percentage of GDP -3.7%
2011 29.03 Percentage of GDP +1.0%
2012 29.76 Percentage of GDP +2.5%
2013 30.3 Percentage of GDP +1.8%
2014 30.38 Percentage of GDP +0.3%
2015 31.85 Percentage of GDP +4.8%
2016 31.95 Percentage of GDP +0.3%
2017 31.62 Percentage of GDP -1.0%
2018 31.68 Percentage of GDP +0.2%
2019 32.26 Percentage of GDP +1.8%
2020 34.47 Percentage of GDP +6.9%
2021 31.78 Percentage of GDP -7.8%
2022 32.12 Percentage of GDP +1.1%
2023 32.9 Percentage of GDP +2.4%
2024 32.87 Percentage of GDP -0.1%
2025 32.7 Percentage of GDP -0.5%
2026 32.74 Percentage of GDP +0.1%
2027 32.72 Percentage of GDP -0.1%
2028 32.78 Percentage of GDP +0.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
2000s 25.71 Percentage of GDP 21.9 Percentage of GDP 29.84 Percentage of GDP 10
2010s 30.76 Percentage of GDP 28.74 Percentage of GDP 32.26 Percentage of GDP 10
2020s 32.79 Percentage of GDP 31.78 Percentage of GDP 34.47 Percentage of GDP 9

Countries ranked near Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)

  1. 14 Germany 47.78 Percentage of GDP compare
  2. 15 Equatorial Guinea 24.23 Percentage of GDP compare
  3. 15 Libya 47.37 Percentage of GDP compare
  4. 16 Türkiye 32.83 Percentage of GDP compare
  5. 16 Palau 47.06 Percentage of GDP compare
  6. 17 Iraq 46.15 Percentage of GDP compare
  7. 18 Brazil 46 Percentage of GDP compare
  8. 18 Mauritania 23.53 Percentage of GDP compare
  9. 19 Hungary 45.22 Percentage of GDP compare
  10. 20 Greece 45.1 Percentage of GDP compare

See the full ranking of 240 places →

More economy & growth data for Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)

All data for Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) →

Frequently asked questions

What is africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)?
Africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) was 32.78 Percentage of GDP in 2028, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
What is the highest africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances recorded in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)?
The highest recorded value was 34.47 Percentage of GDP in 2020.
What is the lowest africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances recorded in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)?
The lowest recorded value was 21.9 Percentage of GDP in 2000.
How does Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) rank for africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances?
Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) ranks 17th out of 46 regions with data for 2028.
Is africa's development dynamics (afdd) table 16 - public finances rising or falling in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank)?
Over the last ten years it is up 3.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Upper-middle income countries (World Bank) data come from?
The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances in Upper-middle income countries (World Bank). Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 10 September 2026, from https://economy.statizoid.com/stat/africa-s-development-dynamics-afdd-table-16-public-finances-general-government-expenditure/upper-middle-income-countries-world-bank/

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About this data

Indicator
Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances — General government expenditure
Unit
Percentage of GDP
Source
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence
OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage
240 places, 7,002 data points, 2000–2029
Last refreshed

The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual website which links to the electronic version of the Africa's Development Dynamics book in both English and French. Table 16 shows data on public finance, including taxes, revenues, expenditure, and debt. Some of these figures are not available at the national level, but only for aggregations of groups of countries.