Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP in Estonia
Estonia: Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP was 1.8% in 2023. ▲ Rising
Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP in Estonia, 2000–2023
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database. Measured in %.
Analysis
Estonia recorded 1.8% for research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp in 2023.
The figure is up 4.4% on the previous year and up 8.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp in Estonia peaked at 2.3% in 2011 and was at its lowest, 0.6%, in 2000.
That places Estonia 22nd out of 121 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 24 years of available data.
Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP in Estonia, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.6% | — |
| 2001 | 0.7% | +16.5% |
| 2002 | 0.7% | +1.9% |
| 2003 | 0.8% | +7.4% |
| 2004 | 0.8% | +10.6% |
| 2005 | 0.9% | +8.4% |
| 2006 | 1.1% | +21.3% |
| 2007 | 1.1% | -4.8% |
| 2008 | 1.3% | +18.2% |
| 2009 | 1.4% | +11.6% |
| 2010 | 1.6% | +13.0% |
| 2011 | 2.3% | +45.4% |
| 2012 | 2.1% | -8.3% |
| 2013 | 1.7% | -19.2% |
| 2014 | 1.4% | -17.2% |
| 2015 | 1.4% | +2.4% |
| 2016 | 1.2% | -15.5% |
| 2017 | 1.3% | +2.7% |
| 2018 | 1.4% | +10.5% |
| 2019 | 1.6% | +15.0% |
| 2020 | 1.7% | +8.5% |
| 2021 | 1.8% | +1.5% |
| 2022 | 1.8% | +0.5% |
| 2023 | 1.8% | +4.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.9% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.6% | 1.2% | 2.3% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 5.4 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.1586 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per capita 5,457 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 11.98 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.774 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 26,638 current US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), annual growth rate 7.26 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), per unit of GDP 0.6849 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current LCU), per capita 23,574 current LCU per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 5.05 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp in Estonia?
- Research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp in Estonia was 1.8% in 2023, according to United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database.
- What is the highest research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 2.3% in 2011.
- What is the lowest research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.6% in 2000.
- How does Estonia rank for research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp?
- Estonia ranks 22nd out of 121 countries with data for 2023.
- Is research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 8.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database, published as part of Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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