R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Australia
Australia: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.156 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ▲ Rising
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Australia, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
Australia recorded 0.156 Percentage of GDP for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in 2024.
That represents a change of down 1.2% on the previous year and down 9.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Australia peaked at 0.1996 Percentage of GDP in 2011 and was at its lowest, 0.0488 Percentage of GDP, in 2001.
Australia ranks 10th of 43 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Australia, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0607 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.0488 Percentage of GDP | -19.6% |
| 2002 | 0.073 Percentage of GDP | +49.6% |
| 2003 | 0.0768 Percentage of GDP | +5.2% |
| 2004 | 0.0786 Percentage of GDP | +2.3% |
| 2005 | 0.0896 Percentage of GDP | +14.0% |
| 2006 | 0.0921 Percentage of GDP | +2.8% |
| 2007 | 0.1045 Percentage of GDP | +13.5% |
| 2008 | 0.1382 Percentage of GDP | +32.2% |
| 2009 | 0.1349 Percentage of GDP | -2.4% |
| 2010 | 0.1332 Percentage of GDP | -1.3% |
| 2011 | 0.1996 Percentage of GDP | +49.8% |
| 2012 | 0.1917 Percentage of GDP | -4.0% |
| 2013 | 0.1726 Percentage of GDP | -10.0% |
| 2014 | 0.1721 Percentage of GDP | -0.3% |
| 2015 | 0.1708 Percentage of GDP | -0.8% |
| 2016 | 0.1472 Percentage of GDP | -13.8% |
| 2017 | 0.1365 Percentage of GDP | -7.3% |
| 2018 | 0.1311 Percentage of GDP | -4.0% |
| 2019 | 0.1296 Percentage of GDP | -1.1% |
| 2020 | 0.1308 Percentage of GDP | +0.9% |
| 2021 | 0.1497 Percentage of GDP | +14.4% |
| 2022 | 0.159 Percentage of GDP | +6.2% |
| 2023 | 0.1579 Percentage of GDP | -0.7% |
| 2024 | 0.156 Percentage of GDP | -1.2% |
Australia compared with similar countries
- Australia's 0.156 Percentage of GDP is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.0457 Percentage of GDP, 3.4× the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Australia's 0.156 Percentage of GDP is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 0.0889 Percentage of GDP, 1.8× the median. (8 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Australia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | +49.6% | 0.0488 Percentage of GDP | 0.073 Percentage of GDP |
| 2011 | +49.8% | 0.1332 Percentage of GDP | 0.1996 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.0897 Percentage of GDP | 0.0488 Percentage of GDP | 0.1382 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.1584 Percentage of GDP | 0.1296 Percentage of GDP | 0.1996 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.1507 Percentage of GDP | 0.1308 Percentage of GDP | 0.159 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near Australia
- 7 Ireland 0.186 Percentage of GDP compare
- 7 Poland 0.0674 Percentage of GDP compare
- 8 Japan 0.1652 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Lithuania 0.0429 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Canada 0.1589 Percentage of GDP compare
- 10 Croatia 0.0012 Percentage of GDP compare
- 11 Estonia 0.0009 Percentage of GDP compare
- 11 OECD 0.155 Percentage of GDP compare
- 12 Latvia 0 Percentage of GDP compare
- 12 Spain 0.1427 Percentage of GDP compare
- 13 Russia 0.1121 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Australia
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.36 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.26 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -4.55 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0025 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -164.69 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 36.52 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -32.02 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0203 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 1,323 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 20.24 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Australia?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Australia was 0.156 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Australia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.1996 Percentage of GDP in 2011.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Australia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0488 Percentage of GDP in 2001.
- How does Australia rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- Australia ranks 10th out of 43 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in Australia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 9.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Australia data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.