R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through subnational R&D tax incentives by country
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax...
What the numbers show
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through subnational R&D tax incentives is currently reported for 3 countries. The highest value is 0.0534 Percentage of GDP in Canada; the lowest is 0.0003 Percentage of GDP in Japan.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0086 Percentage of GDP, and the mean is 0.0208 Percentage of GDP.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 178.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect: full country ranking
About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.