R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD
OECD: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.845 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ▲ Rising
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD stood at 0.845 Percentage of GDP.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 3.5% on the previous year and up 19.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD peaked at 0.9164 Percentage of GDP in 2020 and was at its lowest, 0.6712 Percentage of GDP, in 2000.
OECD ranks 11th of 33 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in OECD, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.6712 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.6953 Percentage of GDP | +3.6% |
| 2002 | 0.7274 Percentage of GDP | +4.6% |
| 2003 | 0.7475 Percentage of GDP | +2.8% |
| 2004 | 0.7423 Percentage of GDP | -0.7% |
| 2005 | 0.7447 Percentage of GDP | +0.3% |
| 2006 | 0.7293 Percentage of GDP | -2.1% |
| 2007 | 0.7289 Percentage of GDP | -0.1% |
| 2008 | 0.7378 Percentage of GDP | +1.2% |
| 2009 | 0.8255 Percentage of GDP | +11.9% |
| 2010 | 0.7671 Percentage of GDP | -7.1% |
| 2011 | 0.7358 Percentage of GDP | -4.1% |
| 2012 | 0.7303 Percentage of GDP | -0.7% |
| 2013 | 0.7146 Percentage of GDP | -2.1% |
| 2014 | 0.7079 Percentage of GDP | -0.9% |
| 2015 | 0.701 Percentage of GDP | -1.0% |
| 2016 | 0.7136 Percentage of GDP | +1.8% |
| 2017 | 0.7311 Percentage of GDP | +2.5% |
| 2018 | 0.7604 Percentage of GDP | +4.0% |
| 2019 | 0.7854 Percentage of GDP | +3.3% |
| 2020 | 0.9164 Percentage of GDP | +16.7% |
| 2021 | 0.8535 Percentage of GDP | -6.9% |
| 2022 | 0.871 Percentage of GDP | +2.1% |
| 2023 | 0.8752 Percentage of GDP | +0.5% |
| 2024 | 0.845 Percentage of GDP | -3.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.735 Percentage of GDP | 0.6712 Percentage of GDP | 0.8255 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.7347 Percentage of GDP | 0.701 Percentage of GDP | 0.7854 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.8722 Percentage of GDP | 0.845 Percentage of GDP | 0.9164 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near OECD
- 8 France 0.9152 Percentage of GDP compare
- 8 Poland 0.5552 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Switzerland 0.9044 Percentage of GDP compare
- 9 Türkiye 0.5436 Percentage of GDP compare
- 10 Belgium 0.8813 Percentage of GDP compare
- 10 Lithuania 0.5065 Percentage of GDP compare
- 12 Sweden 0.7719 Percentage of GDP compare
- 12 Latvia 0.3656 Percentage of GDP compare
- 13 Spain 0.7393 Percentage of GDP compare
- 14 Portugal 0.7156 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for OECD
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.86 Percent per annum (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.62 Percent per annum (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 16 - Public finances 39.87 Percentage of GDP (2028)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 08 - Sectoral breakdown of 14.77 Percentage of GDP (2022)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 17 - Trade by 6.88 million US dollar (2022)
- Environmentally related tax revenue 1.33 Percentage of GDP (2024)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 28 - International trade 50.6 Percentage of merchandise value (2020)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 196.21 Percentage of GDP (2019)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 60.43 Percentage of GDP (2019)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 21 - Investment and 3.43 Percentage of GDP (2019)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in OECD was 0.845 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in OECD?
- The highest recorded value was 0.9164 Percentage of GDP in 2020.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in OECD?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.6712 Percentage of GDP in 2000.
- How does OECD rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- OECD ranks 11th out of 33 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in OECD?
- Over the last ten years it is up 19.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this OECD data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government budgets for R&D and tax incentive support for business R&D (GBARD+GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.