Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per unit of GDP by country
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
What the numbers show
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per unit of GDP is currently reported for 181 countries. The highest value is 0.4222 current US$ per US$ of GDP in Tanzania, United Republic of; the lowest is 0.0073 current US$ per US$ of GDP in Sudan.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.2224 current US$ per US$ of GDP, and the mean is 0.2237 current US$ per US$ of GDP.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 57.
Over the past decade 85 countries rose and 94 fell. The largest increase was in Somalia (up 113.8%), and the largest decrease in Sudan (down 94.3%).
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per unit of GDP: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0.4222 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 32.5% | rising |
| 2 | Bhutan | 0.4215 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 22.8% | rising |
| 3 | Gambia | 0.4039 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 98.5% | rising |
| 4 | China | 0.3965 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 5 | Algeria | 0.394 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 8.0% | flat |
| 6 | Guinea | 0.3807 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 58.8% | rising |
| 7 | Suriname | 0.3754 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2010 | — | flat |
| 8 | Palau | 0.3584 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 9 | Benin | 0.3543 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 72.9% | rising |
| 10 | Maldives | 0.3484 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 30.3% | flat |
| 11 | Greenland | 0.3469 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2023 | up 15.2% | rising |
| 12 | Curaçao | 0.3405 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2018 | up 21.4% | rising |
| 13 | Uzbekistan | 0.3401 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 64.6% | rising |
| 14 | Guyana | 0.3233 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2005 | down 2.7% | rising |
| 15 | Rwanda | 0.3219 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 32.7% | falling |
| 16 | India | 0.3168 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 17 | Kosovo | 0.3165 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 17 | Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) | 0.3165 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 19 | Panama | 0.314 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 21.9% | rising |
| 20 | Cambodia | 0.3091 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 21 | Lesotho | 0.3089 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 22 | Türkiye | 0.3059 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 23 | Tajikistan | 0.3024 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 24 | Saudi Arabia | 0.3011 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 25 | Viet Nam | 0.2921 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 26 | Congo | 0.2908 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 62.7% | rising |
| 27 | Kiribati | 0.2904 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 28 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.2901 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2016 | down 3.5% | rising |
| 29 | United Arab Emirates | 0.2891 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2009 | up 37.8% | rising |
| 30 | Bahrain | 0.2888 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 10.7% | rising |
| 31 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 0.288 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 13.5% | falling |
| 32 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 0.2879 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 9.7% | volatile |
| 33 | Samoa | 0.2878 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 17.4% | rising |
| 34 | Indonesia | 0.2877 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 35 | Senegal | 0.2872 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 24.8% | rising |
| 36 | Bangladesh | 0.2854 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.2% | rising |
| 37 | Republic of Korea | 0.2833 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 38 | Botswana | 0.2823 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 4.1% | falling |
| 39 | Somalia | 0.2811 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 113.8% | flat |
| 40 | Mongolia | 0.2802 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 53.3% | falling |
| 41 | Japan | 0.2781 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 5.3% | falling |
| 42 | Jordan | 0.2748 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2007 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 43 | El Salvador | 0.2718 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 73.2% | rising |
| 44 | Timor-Leste | 0.2701 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 34.2% | falling |
| 45 | Mauritania | 0.2698 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 21.4% | falling |
| 46 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.2691 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 23.2% | rising |
| 47 | Morocco | 0.2681 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 48 | Iceland | 0.2666 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 39.5% | falling |
| 49 | Czechia | 0.2641 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.9% | falling |
| 50 | Tonga | 0.2615 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 51 | Switzerland | 0.26 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.9% | falling |
| 52 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.2576 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 21.0% | rising |
| 53 | Bahamas | 0.2575 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 14.9% | rising |
| 54 | Croatia | 0.2573 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 34.8% | rising |
| 55 | Romania | 0.2561 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 56 | Oman | 0.2554 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 14.4% | rising |
| 57 | Djibouti | 0.2546 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 16.1% | falling |
| 58 | Sweden | 0.2523 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 8.5% | falling |
| 59 | Belarus | 0.2508 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.5% | flat |
| 60 | Dominican Republic | 0.2487 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 61 | Gabon | 0.2483 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 62 | Nicaragua | 0.2461 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 63 | Vanuatu | 0.2437 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 62.5% | flat |
| 64 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.2437 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 4.1% | falling |
| 65 | Australia | 0.2433 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 6.8% | falling |
| 66 | Kazakhstan | 0.2432 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 12.8% | flat |
| 67 | Albania | 0.2427 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.0% | falling |
| 68 | Estonia | 0.2422 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 0.7% | falling |
| 69 | Chile | 0.2409 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 70 | Palestine, State of | 0.2396 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 71 | Belgium | 0.2389 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.2% | flat |
| 72 | Israel | 0.238 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.8% | falling |
| 73 | Nepal | 0.2357 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 14.5% | rising |
| 74 | Austria | 0.2353 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.8% | falling |
| 75 | North Macedonia | 0.2349 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 76 | Latvia | 0.2347 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 5.2% | flat |
| 77 | Norway | 0.2338 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 78 | New Zealand | 0.2337 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 3.4% | falling |
| 79 | Honduras | 0.2333 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 80 | Sierra Leone | 0.232 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 81 | Russian Federation | 0.2309 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 12.0% | flat |
| 82 | Lithuania | 0.2294 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 17.1% | flat |
| 83 | Canada | 0.229 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 4.0% | flat |
| 84 | Marshall Islands | 0.2286 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 14.5% | flat |
| 85 | Serbia | 0.2284 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 35.9% | rising |
| 86 | Philippines | 0.2274 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 87 | Thailand | 0.2266 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 88 | Mexico | 0.2241 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 3.3% | rising |
| 89 | Montenegro | 0.2233 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 90 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.2229 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 37.7% | falling |
| 91 | Ireland | 0.2224 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 8.4% | rising |
| 92 | New Caledonia | 0.2212 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 36.8% | flat |
| 93 | Singapore | 0.2208 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 18.9% | falling |
| 94 | Republic of Moldova | 0.2204 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 8.3% | rising |
| 95 | France | 0.2202 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 96 | Hungary | 0.2194 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 1.6% | rising |
| 97 | French Polynesia | 0.2191 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 16.8% | flat |
| 98 | Uganda | 0.2186 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 6.0% | rising |
| 99 | Denmark | 0.2185 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 10.3% | falling |
| 100 | Italy | 0.2183 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 27.8% | falling |
| 101 | Finland | 0.2183 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 1.9% | falling |
| 102 | Paraguay | 0.2174 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 103 | Mali | 0.2167 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 104 | Zambia | 0.216 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 30.4% | falling |
| 105 | Namibia | 0.2152 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 30.6% | rising |
| 106 | Armenia | 0.2142 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.9% | falling |
| 107 | United States of America | 0.2135 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 4.6% | falling |
| 108 | Malaysia | 0.2133 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 17.5% | rising |
| 109 | Belize | 0.2113 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 28.4% | flat |
| 110 | Slovenia | 0.2113 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.7% | falling |
| 111 | Madagascar | 0.2104 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 112 | Togo | 0.2098 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2023 | up 5.2% | flat |
| 113 | Niger | 0.2094 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 35.8% | rising |
| 114 | Sri Lanka | 0.2077 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 26.5% | rising |
| 115 | Portugal | 0.2069 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 32.2% | falling |
| 116 | Spain | 0.2061 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 12.6% | falling |
| 117 | Slovakia | 0.2053 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.6% | falling |
| 118 | Peru | 0.2052 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 11.1% | falling |
| 119 | Germany | 0.2031 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.9% | falling |
| 120 | Bulgaria | 0.2013 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 3.5% | falling |
| 121 | Ethiopia | 0.2012 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 50.5% | falling |
| 122 | Fiji | 0.2009 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 123 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.2004 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 14.9% | flat |
| 124 | Cyprus | 0.2003 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 56.1% | falling |
| 125 | Ecuador | 0.1994 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 11.6% | rising |
| 126 | Netherlands | 0.198 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 127 | Mauritius | 0.1974 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 18.3% | falling |
| 128 | Solomon Islands | 0.1946 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 39.8% | rising |
| 129 | Ukraine | 0.1936 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 42.9% | falling |
| 130 | Cameroon | 0.1934 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 3.9% | falling |
| 131 | Georgia | 0.1902 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 20.5% | rising |
| 132 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.1899 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2023 | down 8.6% | flat |
| 133 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.1888 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 5.2% | falling |
| 134 | Seychelles | 0.1871 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 30.4% | falling |
| 135 | Papua New Guinea | 0.1813 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2004 | down 3.6% | flat |
| 136 | Kenya | 0.1792 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 18.9% | rising |
| 137 | Malta | 0.1779 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 24.8% | flat |
| 138 | Afghanistan | 0.1703 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | — | rising |
| 139 | Poland | 0.1703 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 140 | Hong Kong, China | 0.1694 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 141 | San Marino | 0.1688 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2023 | down 2.4% | falling |
| 142 | Greece | 0.1688 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 51.3% | falling |
| 143 | Brazil | 0.1684 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 5.6% | falling |
| 144 | Kuwait | 0.1675 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 145 | Burkina Faso | 0.1673 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.6% | rising |
| 146 | Guatemala | 0.1671 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 147 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 0.1661 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 20.8% | rising |
| 148 | Turkmenistan | 0.1654 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 65.0% | falling |
| 149 | Chad | 0.1639 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 26.4% | volatile |
| 150 | Azerbaijan | 0.1629 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 41.5% | falling |
| 151 | Costa Rica | 0.1625 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 14.4% | falling |
| 152 | Eswatini | 0.1607 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 153 | Colombia | 0.1601 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 31.5% | rising |
| 154 | Argentina | 0.16 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 2.8% | falling |
| 155 | Uruguay | 0.1584 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 20.0% | rising |
| 156 | Tunisia | 0.1521 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 29.4% | falling |
| 157 | Luxembourg | 0.1497 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 13.5% | falling |
| 158 | Central African Republic | 0.1478 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 28.1% | rising |
| 159 | Iraq | 0.1436 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 31.5% | volatile |
| 160 | Libya | 0.1427 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 16.5% | rising |
| 161 | Puerto Rico | 0.1389 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | up 63.1% | falling |
| 162 | South Africa | 0.1388 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 22.9% | falling |
| 163 | Eritrea | 0.1263 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2011 | down 64.2% | falling |
| 164 | Pakistan | 0.1257 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 165 | Haiti | 0.1206 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 166 | Macau, China | 0.1194 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 52.0% | falling |
| 167 | Comoros | 0.1185 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 12.2% | falling |
| 168 | Egypt | 0.1171 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 14.3% | falling |
| 169 | Bermuda | 0.1104 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 8.7% | flat |
| 170 | Angola | 0.1062 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 62.6% | volatile |
| 171 | Cuba | 0.0981 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2020 | up 13.5% | falling |
| 172 | Ghana | 0.0974 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 63.1% | rising |
| 173 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0867 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 39.9% | falling |
| 174 | Zimbabwe | 0.0793 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 17.5% | falling |
| 175 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0637 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 74.0% | volatile |
| 176 | Yemen | 0.0618 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2018 | down 59.9% | falling |
| 177 | South Sudan | 0.0575 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2015 | down 58.2% | falling |
| 178 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 0.0458 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 73.8% | volatile |
| 179 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.0444 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2022 | down 65.2% | falling |
| 180 | Lebanon | 0.0144 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2024 | down 94.1% | falling |
| 181 | Sudan | 0.0073 current US$ per US$ of GDP | 2025 | down 94.3% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.3766 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 0.3766 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- East Asia & Pacific 0.3413 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Late-demographic dividend 0.3289 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Upper middle income 0.3265 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Middle income 0.3212 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Low & middle income 0.3198 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- IBRD only 0.3106 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- South Asia 0.3104 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 0.3104 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- IDA & IBRD total 0.3097 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Lower middle income 0.2886 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 0.2782 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- IDA total 0.2707 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Early-demographic dividend 0.2616 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- World 0.2562 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Least developed countries 0.2511 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Arab World 0.2506 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- IDA only 0.2464 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 0.2434 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.2425 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Other small states 0.2309 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 0.2298 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Sub-Saharan Africa 0.2297 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.2297 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Pacific island small states 0.2252 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- OECD members 0.2223 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- High income 0.2221 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Post-demographic dividend 0.2206 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Europe & Central Asia 0.2191 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Small states 0.2178 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 0.2164 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- North America 0.2146 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Central Europe and the Baltics 0.2136 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- European Union 0.2131 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Euro area 0.2118 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 0.2057 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 0.2054 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Low income 0.199 current US$ per US$ of GDP
- Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 0.1893 current US$ per US$ of GDP
How this figure is calculated
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) ÷ GDP (current US$)
Computed from
- Gross fixed capital formation Country official statistics, National Statistical Offices (NSOs)
- GDP Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) divided by GDP (current US$), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.