Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 28 - International trade costs — Average cost of trade within continent, manufactured goods by country
The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual...
Countries reporting
175
Highest
330.19 Percentage of merchandise value
Chad
Lowest
15.86 Percentage of merchandise value
Czechia
Median
103.55 Percentage of merchandise value
Years covered
21
2000–2020
Data points
4,559
What the numbers show
Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 28 - International trade costs — Average cost of trade within continent, manufactured goods is currently reported for 175 countries. The highest value is 330.19 Percentage of merchandise value in Chad; the lowest is 15.86 Percentage of merchandise value in Czechia.
The median across all reporting countries is 103.55 Percentage of merchandise value, and the mean is 115.66 Percentage of merchandise value.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 21.
Over the past decade 72 countries rose and 103 fell. The largest increase was in Congo (up 187.9%), and the largest decrease in Czechia (down 72.1%).
Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 28 - International trade: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chad | 330.19 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 122.3% | flat |
| 1 | Cabo Verde | 253.45 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 1 | Timor-Leste | 197.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 8.6% | falling |
| 2 | Sao Tome and Principe | 289.47 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 61.1% | rising |
| 2 | Ethiopia | 241.83 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 3 | Suriname | 264.57 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 77.3% | falling |
| 4 | Central African Republic | 261.35 Percentage of merchandise value | 2019 | down 12.1% | rising |
| 4 | Equatorial Guinea | 166.55 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 24.0% | flat |
| 5 | Eritrea | 251.61 Percentage of merchandise value | 2006 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 6 | Cuba | 249.55 Percentage of merchandise value | 2009 | up 86.4% | rising |
| 7 | Maldives | 235.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 8 | Gambia | 229.17 Percentage of merchandise value | 2019 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 8 | Mauritania | 149.27 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 9 | Antigua and Barbuda | 222.3 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 10 | Qatar | 221.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 77.4% | rising |
| 11 | Yemen | 214.06 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 12 | Iraq | 211.94 Percentage of merchandise value | 2015 | up 22.5% | rising |
| 13 | Nigeria | 206.19 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 36.7% | flat |
| 14 | Grenada | 199.45 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 32.0% | rising |
| 15 | San Marino | 195.18 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 15 | Moldova | 101.88 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 15.4% | falling |
| 16 | Rwanda | 192.17 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 17.9% | flat |
| 17 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 192.01 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 8.2% | rising |
| 17 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 116.91 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 15.0% | falling |
| 18 | Palau | 190.93 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 16.2% | falling |
| 19 | Naoero | 190.44 Percentage of merchandise value | 2017 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 20 | Benin | 189.19 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 21 | Tuvalu | 183.01 Percentage of merchandise value | 2008 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 22 | Cameroon | 182.36 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 8.1% | falling |
| 22 | Croatia | 69.53 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 22.0% | falling |
| 23 | Egypt | 181.61 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 28.5% | falling |
| 23 | Eswatini | 67.04 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 11.4% | volatile |
| 24 | Congo | 178.34 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 187.9% | rising |
| 25 | Tajikistan | 175.23 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 20.7% | falling |
| 26 | Angola | 171.43 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 27 | Burundi | 169.99 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.7% | falling |
| 28 | Morocco | 168.13 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 15.9% | falling |
| 28 | Lesotho | 45.77 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 10.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Sierra Leone | 167.13 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 29.2% | rising |
| 30 | Comoros | 164.83 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | down 7.9% | falling |
| 31 | Uganda | 161.92 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 32 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 161.23 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 32 | Viet Nam | 78.95 Percentage of merchandise value | 2012 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 33 | Tonga | 160.59 Percentage of merchandise value | 2017 | down 15.1% | falling |
| 33 | Türkiye | 78.33 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 7.4% | falling |
| 34 | Brunei Darussalam | 156.9 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 18.6% | falling |
| 35 | Afghanistan | 156.63 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 7.3% | rising |
| 36 | Guinea | 156.44 Percentage of merchandise value | 2019 | down 33.1% | rising |
| 37 | Togo | 147.41 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 38 | Kyrgyzstan | 144.73 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 39 | Sudan | 143.86 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 41.1% | falling |
| 40 | Dominica | 143.54 Percentage of merchandise value | 2015 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 40 | Latvia | 52.21 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 12.2% | falling |
| 41 | Sri Lanka | 142.31 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 42 | Barbados | 142 Percentage of merchandise value | 2019 | up 11.3% | falling |
| 42 | Poland | 40.41 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 23.9% | falling |
| 43 | Tunisia | 141.86 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 35.8% | flat |
| 43 | Estonia | 36.25 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 19.4% | falling |
| 44 | Belize | 141.8 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 44 | Lithuania | 36.02 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 41.4% | falling |
| 45 | Niger | 141.74 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 45 | Slovenia | 26.8 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 55.6% | falling |
| 46 | Malawi | 141.2 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 11.4% | rising |
| 46 | Netherlands | 18.71 Percentage of merchandise value | 2011 | down 50.3% | falling |
| 47 | Kiribati | 140.94 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 48 | Uzbekistan | 140.88 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 14.2% | flat |
| 49 | Burkina Faso | 139.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 16.7% | falling |
| 50 | Mauritius | 137.49 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 51 | Kuwait | 136.53 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 9.6% | falling |
| 52 | Côte d’Ivoire | 134.77 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 39.3% | falling |
| 53 | Azerbaijan | 134.03 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 2.5% | flat |
| 54 | Armenia | 133.1 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 21.9% | falling |
| 55 | Senegal | 130.86 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 6.5% | falling |
| 56 | Jordan | 130.09 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 14.0% | flat |
| 57 | Bangladesh | 129.64 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 58 | Myanmar | 128.18 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 25.2% | falling |
| 59 | Mongolia | 124.98 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 4.9% | rising |
| 60 | Pakistan | 123.98 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 61 | Montenegro | 123.53 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 62 | Cyprus | 123.15 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 15.2% | falling |
| 63 | Israel | 121.88 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 8.8% | flat |
| 64 | Kenya | 121.83 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.1% | flat |
| 65 | Lebanon | 121.67 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 22.9% | flat |
| 66 | Bhutan | 120.22 Percentage of merchandise value | 2015 | down 54.8% | falling |
| 67 | Panama | 119.41 Percentage of merchandise value | 2013 | down 1.2% | flat |
| 68 | Saint Lucia | 118.85 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 6.4% | falling |
| 69 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 118.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 70 | Jamaica | 116.62 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 71 | Kazakhstan | 114.38 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 72 | Guyana | 110.95 Percentage of merchandise value | 2010 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 73 | Samoa | 110.22 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.2% | flat |
| 74 | Singapore | 109.78 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 75 | Honduras | 107.66 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 9.5% | falling |
| 76 | Albania | 106.42 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 77 | Ecuador | 105.69 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 12.1% | flat |
| 78 | Gabon | 105.67 Percentage of merchandise value | 2011 | down 30.5% | falling |
| 79 | Georgia | 104.73 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 80 | Vanuatu | 104.57 Percentage of merchandise value | 2014 | down 21.1% | falling |
| 81 | Malta | 104.18 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 5.7% | rising |
| 82 | Ghana | 103.55 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 30.0% | rising |
| 83 | Iceland | 102.98 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 20.7% | flat |
| 84 | Algeria | 102.36 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 3.4% | falling |
| 85 | Saudi Arabia | 102.17 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 86 | Zimbabwe | 101.86 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 64.7% | flat |
| 87 | Bahrain | 101.49 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 15.9% | falling |
| 88 | Peru | 99.55 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 89 | Trinidad and Tobago | 99.45 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | up 7.3% | flat |
| 90 | Colombia | 99.31 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 91 | Oman | 99.11 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 92 | Indonesia | 96.93 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 0.8% | flat |
| 93 | Nepal | 96.1 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 24.1% | falling |
| 94 | India | 95.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 95 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 95.48 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 19.8% | falling |
| 96 | Namibia | 95.06 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 40.5% | volatile |
| 97 | Dominican Republic | 95.02 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 13.7% | flat |
| 98 | Venezuela | 93.81 Percentage of merchandise value | 2014 | down 5.9% | falling |
| 99 | Philippines | 92.5 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 8.0% | rising |
| 100 | Uruguay | 92.45 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.3% | flat |
| 101 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 92.31 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 14.6% | falling |
| 102 | Guatemala | 92.28 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 103 | Seychelles | 91.81 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | down 42.7% | falling |
| 104 | Costa Rica | 89.64 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 105 | Paraguay | 89.59 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 106 | Argentina | 86.92 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 23.3% | rising |
| 107 | South Africa | 84.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 3.7% | falling |
| 108 | Japan | 83.92 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 0.9% | flat |
| 109 | Bahamas | 83.34 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 110 | Chile | 83.28 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 111 | China | 81.52 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 112 | Brazil | 81.01 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 4.7% | flat |
| 113 | United Arab Emirates | 80.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 114 | Greece | 80.01 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 115 | Mozambique | 79.27 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 116 | Andorra | 78.34 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 27.5% | falling |
| 117 | El Salvador | 78.31 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 118 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 76.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 21.4% | falling |
| 119 | Russia | 76.56 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 120 | Ireland | 76.37 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 35.1% | rising |
| 121 | Thailand | 75.43 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 1.1% | falling |
| 122 | Nicaragua | 74.23 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 30.4% | falling |
| 123 | Libya | 73.34 Percentage of merchandise value | 2011 | down 6.4% | falling |
| 124 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 73.29 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 125 | Luxembourg | 71.03 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 8.4% | flat |
| 126 | Ukraine | 70.85 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 2.8% | falling |
| 127 | Finland | 70.22 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 128 | Norway | 67.87 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 129 | Romania | 65.39 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 130 | Denmark | 63.97 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 131 | Zambia | 63.22 Percentage of merchandise value | 2012 | down 7.7% | flat |
| 132 | Cambodia | 62.51 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 133 | Mali | 61.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 29.1% | falling |
| 134 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 58.05 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 7.8% | flat |
| 135 | Botswana | 56.02 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 24.1% | rising |
| 136 | Italy | 54.69 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 5.8% | falling |
| 137 | Belarus | 53.59 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 11.6% | falling |
| 138 | Portugal | 53.38 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 16.5% | falling |
| 139 | Malaysia | 53.34 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 4.8% | rising |
| 140 | Papua New Guinea | 52.97 Percentage of merchandise value | 2006 | down 38.1% | falling |
| 141 | Sweden | 52.65 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 5.4% | falling |
| 142 | Bulgaria | 52.57 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 37.0% | falling |
| 143 | Australia | 51.08 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 3.9% | flat |
| 144 | New Zealand | 50.77 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 0.7% | flat |
| 145 | Spain | 50.76 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 146 | OECD | 50.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 0.1% | falling |
| 147 | Belgium | 48.6 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 148 | Switzerland | 48.05 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 149 | Austria | 46.75 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 150 | France | 45.25 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 2.4% | falling |
| 151 | Hungary | 41.83 Percentage of merchandise value | 2012 | down 34.0% | falling |
| 152 | Germany | 41.37 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 153 | North Macedonia | 40.91 Percentage of merchandise value | 2019 | down 61.6% | falling |
| 154 | United States | 34.15 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 5.6% | falling |
| 155 | Mexico | 33.72 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | down 11.2% | falling |
| 156 | Canada | 32.65 Percentage of merchandise value | 2020 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 157 | Czechia | 15.86 Percentage of merchandise value | 2018 | down 72.1% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Africa, resource-rich countries 187.62 Percentage of merchandise value
- Madagascar 188.69 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, low income countries (World Bank) 181.47 Percentage of merchandise value
- North Africa (African Union) 162.41 Percentage of merchandise value
- Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN–SAD) 160.15 Percentage of merchandise value
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 155.9 Percentage of merchandise value
- West Africa (African Union) 155.9 Percentage of merchandise value
- Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) 149.9 Percentage of merchandise value
- Syrian Arab Republic 153.52 Percentage of merchandise value
- Arab Maghreb Union (UMA) 149.48 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, small island developing states 143.52 Percentage of merchandise value
- Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) 144 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, lower-middle income countries (World Bank) 141.06 Percentage of merchandise value
- Central Africa (African Union) 139.72 Percentage of merchandise value
- East Africa (African Union) 137.24 Percentage of merchandise value
- Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) 134.92 Percentage of merchandise value
- Low income countries (World Bank) 133.96 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, fragile states 132.09 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa 118.28 Percentage of merchandise value
- East African Community 128.29 Percentage of merchandise value
- Small island developing States 109.58 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, low income countries (World Bank) 128.14 Percentage of merchandise value
- Least developed countries 107.31 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, least developed countries 123.75 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, landlocked developing countries 117.89 Percentage of merchandise value
- Resource-rich countries 100.56 Percentage of merchandise value
- Fiji 95.1 Percentage of merchandise value
- Land locked developing countries 116.35 Percentage of merchandise value
- Southern African Development Community (SADC) 89.37 Percentage of merchandise value
- Fragile states 110.44 Percentage of merchandise value
- ASEAN 86.27 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, non-resource-rich countries 110.05 Percentage of merchandise value
- Southern Africa (African Union) 84.31 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, small island developing states 109.48 Percentage of merchandise value
- Korea 78.81 Percentage of merchandise value
- Africa, land locked developing countries 106.73 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, fragile states 104.13 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, least developed countries 100.78 Percentage of merchandise value
- World 63.24 Percentage of merchandise value
- World outside Africa, resource-rich countries 99.5 Percentage of merchandise value
About this data
The Statistical Annex to the annual Africa's Development Dynamics (AFDD) report is a collection of development indicators that were gathered and analysed while conducting the research that went into the report. These data are also available online for free viewing or download at https://oe.cd/AFDD-2024, a bilingual website which links to the electronic version of the Africa's Development Dynamics book in both English and French. Table 28 shows the average cost of importing and exporting goods calculated as a percentage of the value of goods traded, broken down by the origin and destination of the trade, whether it is with bordering countries, with countries in the same region, or the same continent.