Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Spain
Spain: Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
10.08 micrograms per cubic meter
Change on year
down 15.5%
World rank
155th
of 200 countries
All-time high
16.65 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2000
All-time low
10.08 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2023
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Spain, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
The most recent figure for exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Spain is 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter, measured in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 34 years on record.
That represents a change of down 15.5% on the previous year and down 1.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Spain peaked at 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter in 2000 and was at its lowest, 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2023.
That places Spain 155th out of 200 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Spain, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 16.5 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 16.26 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 1992 | 16.27 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 1993 | 16.29 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 1994 | 16.3 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 1995 | 15.8 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.1% |
| 1996 | 16.33 micrograms per cubic meter | +3.4% |
| 1997 | 16.35 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 1998 | 16.36 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 1999 | 16.38 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 2000 | 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.7% |
| 2001 | 15.6 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.3% |
| 2002 | 15.75 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.9% |
| 2003 | 16.16 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.6% |
| 2004 | 15.03 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.0% |
| 2005 | 15.04 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.1% |
| 2006 | 14.34 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.6% |
| 2007 | 13.5 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.9% |
| 2008 | 13.11 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.9% |
| 2009 | 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.1% |
| 2010 | 11.54 micrograms per cubic meter | -11.0% |
| 2011 | 12.09 micrograms per cubic meter | +4.8% |
| 2012 | 11.69 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 2013 | 10.28 micrograms per cubic meter | -12.1% |
| 2014 | 10.22 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.5% |
| 2015 | 11.81 micrograms per cubic meter | +15.5% |
| 2016 | 10.35 micrograms per cubic meter | -12.4% |
| 2017 | 11.17 micrograms per cubic meter | +7.9% |
| 2018 | 10.5 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.9% |
| 2019 | 10.43 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.7% |
| 2020 | 10.09 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 2021 | 10.24 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.4% |
| 2022 | 11.93 micrograms per cubic meter | +16.6% |
| 2023 | 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter | -15.5% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for high income countries, which is 10.06 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.0× the median. (70 countries reporting)
- Spain's 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 12.88 micrograms per cubic meter, 78% of the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 16.28 micrograms per cubic meter | 15.8 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.5 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 14.82 micrograms per cubic meter | 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 11.01 micrograms per cubic meter | 10.22 micrograms per cubic meter | 12.09 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 10.59 micrograms per cubic meter | 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter | 11.93 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
- 152 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10.6 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 153 Saint Lucia 10.43 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 154 Comoros 10.17 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 156 Austria 10.03 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 157 Solomon Islands 9.77 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 158 United Kingdom 9.46 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More economy & growth data for Spain
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.77 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.62 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 46.38 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0243 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 939.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 28.09 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -34.34 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0147 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 569.12 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 19.32 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Spain?
- Exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Spain was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 16.65 micrograms per cubic meter in 2000.
- What is the lowest exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 10.08 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023.
- How does Spain rank for exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita?
- Spain ranks 155th out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 1.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.