Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income
Upper middle income: Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per square kilometre was 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2023)
231,422 current US$ per square kilometre
Change on year
up 1.5%
Rank
13th
of 43 groups
All-time high
231,422 current US$ per square kilometre
in 2023
All-time low
720.26 current US$ per square kilometre
in 1962
Years of data
63
1961–2023
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income, 1961–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in current US$ per square kilometre.
Analysis
In 2023, gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income stood at 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre. That is the highest value across all 63 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1.5% on the previous year and up 49.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income peaked at 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre in 2023 and was at its lowest, 720.26 current US$ per square kilometre, in 1962.
That places Upper middle income 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income, year by year
| Year | current US$ per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 839.2 current US$ per square kilometre | — |
| 1962 | 720.26 current US$ per square kilometre | -14.2% |
| 1963 | 797.75 current US$ per square kilometre | +10.8% |
| 1964 | 1,011 current US$ per square kilometre | +26.8% |
| 1965 | 1,192 current US$ per square kilometre | +17.9% |
| 1966 | 1,337 current US$ per square kilometre | +12.1% |
| 1967 | 1,247 current US$ per square kilometre | -6.7% |
| 1968 | 1,279 current US$ per square kilometre | +2.5% |
| 1969 | 1,583 current US$ per square kilometre | +23.8% |
| 1970 | 1,887 current US$ per square kilometre | +19.2% |
| 1971 | 2,081 current US$ per square kilometre | +10.3% |
| 1972 | 2,439 current US$ per square kilometre | +17.2% |
| 1973 | 3,179 current US$ per square kilometre | +30.3% |
| 1974 | 4,152 current US$ per square kilometre | +30.6% |
| 1975 | 5,283 current US$ per square kilometre | +27.2% |
| 1976 | 5,869 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.1% |
| 1977 | 6,494 current US$ per square kilometre | +10.7% |
| 1978 | 7,117 current US$ per square kilometre | +9.6% |
| 1979 | 7,705 current US$ per square kilometre | +8.3% |
| 1980 | 9,214 current US$ per square kilometre | +19.6% |
| 1981 | 10,286 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.6% |
| 1982 | 9,942 current US$ per square kilometre | -3.3% |
| 1983 | 9,742 current US$ per square kilometre | -2.0% |
| 1984 | 10,025 current US$ per square kilometre | +2.9% |
| 1985 | 10,108 current US$ per square kilometre | +0.8% |
| 1986 | 10,548 current US$ per square kilometre | +4.4% |
| 1987 | 10,349 current US$ per square kilometre | -1.9% |
| 1988 | 11,463 current US$ per square kilometre | +10.8% |
| 1989 | 12,654 current US$ per square kilometre | +10.4% |
| 1990 | 13,220 current US$ per square kilometre | +4.5% |
| 1991 | 13,570 current US$ per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 1992 | 13,709 current US$ per square kilometre | +1.0% |
| 1993 | 15,878 current US$ per square kilometre | +15.8% |
| 1994 | 18,147 current US$ per square kilometre | +14.3% |
| 1995 | 20,302 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.9% |
| 1996 | 22,529 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.0% |
| 1997 | 23,670 current US$ per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 1998 | 22,622 current US$ per square kilometre | -4.4% |
| 1999 | 21,246 current US$ per square kilometre | -6.1% |
| 2000 | 23,614 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.1% |
| 2001 | 24,009 current US$ per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 2002 | 25,288 current US$ per square kilometre | +5.3% |
| 2003 | 29,673 current US$ per square kilometre | +17.3% |
| 2004 | 36,484 current US$ per square kilometre | +23.0% |
| 2005 | 43,544 current US$ per square kilometre | +19.4% |
| 2006 | 51,942 current US$ per square kilometre | +19.3% |
| 2007 | 64,685 current US$ per square kilometre | +24.5% |
| 2008 | 82,076 current US$ per square kilometre | +26.9% |
| 2009 | 87,678 current US$ per square kilometre | +6.8% |
| 2010 | 107,357 current US$ per square kilometre | +22.4% |
| 2011 | 130,415 current US$ per square kilometre | +21.5% |
| 2012 | 143,006 current US$ per square kilometre | +9.7% |
| 2013 | 154,699 current US$ per square kilometre | +8.2% |
| 2014 | 161,406 current US$ per square kilometre | +4.3% |
| 2015 | 155,712 current US$ per square kilometre | -3.5% |
| 2016 | 154,234 current US$ per square kilometre | -0.9% |
| 2017 | 168,550 current US$ per square kilometre | +9.3% |
| 2018 | 187,103 current US$ per square kilometre | +11.0% |
| 2019 | 190,364 current US$ per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 2020 | 186,386 current US$ per square kilometre | -2.1% |
| 2021 | 222,159 current US$ per square kilometre | +19.2% |
| 2022 | 228,071 current US$ per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 2023 | 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre | +1.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 1,112 current US$ per square kilometre | 720.26 current US$ per square kilometre | 1,583 current US$ per square kilometre | 9 |
| 1970s | 4,620 current US$ per square kilometre | 1,887 current US$ per square kilometre | 7,705 current US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1980s | 10,433 current US$ per square kilometre | 9,214 current US$ per square kilometre | 12,654 current US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1990s | 18,489 current US$ per square kilometre | 13,220 current US$ per square kilometre | 23,670 current US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2000s | 46,899 current US$ per square kilometre | 23,614 current US$ per square kilometre | 87,678 current US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 155,285 current US$ per square kilometre | 107,357 current US$ per square kilometre | 190,364 current US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 217,010 current US$ per square kilometre | 186,386 current US$ per square kilometre | 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near Upper middle income
- 10 Republic of Korea 5.94 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 11 Israel 5.85 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 12 San Marino 5.70 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 13 Luxembourg 5.54 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 14 Belgium 5.16 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 15 Japan 3.35 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
- 16 Germany 2.77 million current US$ per square kilometre compare
More economy & growth data for Upper middle income
- Manufacturing, value added (current US$), per capita 2,286 current US$ per person (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 32.7% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) 0.0644 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Services, value added 19.09 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Services, value added 17.72 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
- Services, value added 56.9% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) 701.52 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Manufacturing, value added (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.2099 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$) 3,432 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$) 0.3152 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income?
- Gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre in Upper middle income was 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre recorded in Upper middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 231,422 current US$ per square kilometre in 2023.
- What is the lowest gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre recorded in Upper middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 720.26 current US$ per square kilometre in 1962.
- How does Upper middle income rank for gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre?
- Upper middle income ranks 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2023.
- Is gross fixed capital formation (current us$), per square kilometre rising or falling in Upper middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 49.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Gross fixed capital formation (current US$), per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Gross fixed capital formation Country official statistics, National Statistical Offices (NSOs)
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Gross fixed capital formation (current US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.