Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in Middle income
Middle income: Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) was 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in Middle income, 1995–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in constant 2015 US$.
Analysis
Middle income recorded 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ for gross capital formation in 2025. That is the highest value across all 31 years on record.
That represents a change of up 2.7% on the previous year and up 46.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Middle income peaked at 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025 and was at its lowest, 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$, in 2001.
That places Middle income 7th out of 40 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in Middle income, year by year
| Year | constant 2015 US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 2.65 trillion constant 2015 US$ | — |
| 1996 | 2.26 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -15.0% |
| 1997 | 2.27 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.7% |
| 1998 | 1.73 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -23.7% |
| 1999 | 1.55 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -10.5% |
| 2000 | 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -7.3% |
| 2001 | 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.2% |
| 2002 | 2.25 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +56.8% |
| 2003 | 1.85 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -18.0% |
| 2004 | 2.79 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +51.1% |
| 2005 | 2.88 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.1% |
| 2006 | 3.43 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +19.2% |
| 2007 | 4.77 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +38.9% |
| 2008 | 5.20 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +9.0% |
| 2009 | 5.72 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +10.1% |
| 2010 | 6.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +14.9% |
| 2011 | 7.02 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.7% |
| 2012 | 7.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.1% |
| 2013 | 7.87 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.7% |
| 2014 | 8.29 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.3% |
| 2015 | 8.42 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +1.5% |
| 2016 | 8.90 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.7% |
| 2017 | 9.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.5% |
| 2018 | 10.00 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.6% |
| 2019 | 10.20 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +1.9% |
| 2020 | 10.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.8% |
| 2021 | 10.86 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.4% |
| 2022 | 11.22 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.4% |
| 2023 | 11.60 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.3% |
| 2024 | 12.00 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.5% |
| 2025 | 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.7% |
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in Middle income changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | +56.8% | 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.25 trillion constant 2015 US$ |
| 2004 | +51.1% | 1.85 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.79 trillion constant 2015 US$ |
| 2007 | +38.9% | 3.43 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 4.77 trillion constant 2015 US$ |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.09 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.55 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.65 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 5 |
| 2000s | 3.18 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 5.72 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 8.42 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 6.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10.20 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 11.35 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Middle income
- 4 India 1.21 trillion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 5 Germany 771.95 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 6 United Kingdom 664.58 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 7 France 589.63 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 8 South Korea 527.10 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 9 Italy 459.25 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 10 Russia 432.17 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
More economy & growth data for Middle income
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 267.98 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$) 3.33 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross capital formation (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.3336 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2024)
- Gross capital formation (current US$), per capita 2,171 current US$ per person (2024)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 2.72 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.3019 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), per capita 2,046 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 5.25 % change on previous year (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.242 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Imports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 1,641 current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Middle income?
- Gross capital formation in Middle income was 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 12.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2001.
- How does Middle income rank for gross capital formation?
- Middle income ranks 7th out of 40 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 46.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 31 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data).
About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.