Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI) by country
Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross...
Countries reporting
177
Highest
38.5%
Suriname
Lowest
-25.3%
Dominica
Median
9.3%
Years covered
52
1970–2021
Data points
7,668
What the numbers show
Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI) is currently reported for 177 countries. The highest value is 38.5% in Suriname; the lowest is -25.3% in Dominica.
The median across all reporting countries is 9.3%, and the mean is 10.2%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Over the past decade 91 countries rose and 85 fell. The largest increase was in Italy (up 16,275.0%), and the largest decrease in Mozambique (down 1,334.6%).
Adjusted savings: net national savings: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suriname | 38.5% | 2010 | — | rising |
| 2 | Brunei Darussalam | 38.4% | 2021 | down 31.2% | rising |
| 3 | Vanuatu | 36.7% | 2021 | up 230.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Bermuda | 36.6% | 2021 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 5 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 35.8% | 2018 | up 1,783.4% | volatile |
| 6 | Angola | 35.5% | 2021 | up 4.5% | falling |
| 7 | Qatar | 34.2% | 2021 | down 29.5% | falling |
| 8 | Bangladesh | 33.0% | 2021 | up 18.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Mauritania | 31.4% | 2021 | up 1.8% | volatile |
| 10 | Singapore | 29.5% | 2021 | down 19.3% | rising |
| 11 | Algeria | 29.0% | 2021 | down 33.0% | rising |
| 12 | Jamaica | 28.7% | 2021 | up 3,782.7% | volatile |
| 13 | Kiribati | 27.4% | 2020 | up 560.6% | volatile |
| 14 | Zambia | 27.2% | 2021 | up 73.8% | rising |
| 15 | Papua New Guinea | 26.8% | 2004 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 16 | Myanmar | 26.1% | 2019 | up 128.6% | rising |
| 17 | Nepal | 25.7% | 2021 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 18 | Sri Lanka | 25.3% | 2020 | up 37.7% | rising |
| 19 | Azerbaijan | 24.9% | 2021 | down 45.1% | volatile |
| 20 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 24.7% | 2020 | up 190.3% | volatile |
| 21 | Nigeria | 23.7% | 2021 | up 32.7% | volatile |
| 22 | Macau, China | 22.8% | 2021 | down 57.7% | falling |
| 23 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 22.7% | 2000 | up 388.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Gabon | 22.5% | 2015 | down 29.1% | volatile |
| 25 | Dominican Republic | 22.2% | 2021 | up 65.1% | rising |
| 26 | Bahrain | 22.0% | 2018 | down 45.3% | volatile |
| 27 | Norway | 21.5% | 2021 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 28 | Tajikistan | 21.3% | 2020 | up 487.0% | volatile |
| 29 | Cape Verde | 21.2% | 2021 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 30 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 21.1% | 2021 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 31 | Maldives | 21.1% | 2021 | up 18.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Kuwait | 20.8% | 2019 | down 35.6% | volatile |
| 33 | Gambia | 20.5% | 2021 | up 265.1% | volatile |
| 34 | Samoa | 20.4% | 2021 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 35 | Iraq | 20.4% | 2021 | down 30.7% | falling |
| 36 | Viet Nam | 20.2% | 2021 | down 2.2% | falling |
| 37 | Cambodia | 19.4% | 2021 | up 101.0% | rising |
| 38 | Uzbekistan | 19.4% | 2021 | down 17.7% | falling |
| 39 | Morocco | 19.1% | 2021 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 40 | Panama | 18.9% | 2021 | down 18.4% | rising |
| 41 | China | 18.8% | 2021 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 42 | India | 18.6% | 2021 | down 25.3% | rising |
| 43 | Côte d'Ivoire | 18.5% | 2020 | up 189.8% | volatile |
| 44 | Ethiopia | 17.8% | 2021 | down 22.0% | flat |
| 45 | Paraguay | 17.1% | 2021 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 46 | Kazakhstan | 17.0% | 2021 | down 27.5% | volatile |
| 47 | Ireland | 16.7% | 2021 | up 713.8% | volatile |
| 48 | Togo | 16.4% | 2020 | up 103.3% | volatile |
| 49 | Malta | 16.3% | 2021 | up 238.1% | volatile |
| 50 | Luxembourg | 16.2% | 2021 | up 56.3% | falling |
| 51 | Russian Federation | 15.9% | 2021 | down 20.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Honduras | 15.7% | 2021 | up 12.5% | volatile |
| 53 | Guyana | 15.6% | 2005 | down 18.7% | volatile |
| 54 | Republic of Korea | 15.5% | 2021 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 55 | Türkiye | 15.4% | 2021 | up 76.2% | volatile |
| 56 | Denmark | 14.8% | 2021 | up 84.5% | rising |
| 57 | Israel | 14.5% | 2021 | up 47.5% | rising |
| 58 | Senegal | 14.3% | 2018 | up 187.4% | volatile |
| 59 | North Macedonia | 13.9% | 2021 | up 97.9% | volatile |
| 60 | Kosovo | 13.8% | 2021 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 60 | Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) | 13.8% | 2021 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 62 | Estonia | 13.7% | 2021 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 63 | Indonesia | 13.7% | 2021 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 64 | Belarus | 13.5% | 2021 | down 27.4% | rising |
| 65 | Sweden | 13.5% | 2021 | up 10.2% | flat |
| 66 | Bhutan | 12.7% | 2021 | down 63.7% | falling |
| 67 | Nicaragua | 12.4% | 2021 | up 8.5% | volatile |
| 68 | Ghana | 12.3% | 2021 | up 374.6% | volatile |
| 69 | Saudi Arabia | 12.1% | 2020 | down 64.9% | volatile |
| 70 | Peru | 12.0% | 2021 | down 42.2% | rising |
| 71 | Switzerland | 12.0% | 2021 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 72 | Netherlands | 11.8% | 2021 | up 17.4% | falling |
| 73 | Oman | 11.6% | 2021 | down 57.3% | volatile |
| 74 | Syrian Arab Republic | 11.2% | 2010 | down 10.7% | falling |
| 75 | Mali | 11.0% | 2020 | up 48.5% | volatile |
| 76 | Benin | 10.9% | 2020 | up 597.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Costa Rica | 10.8% | 2021 | up 29.9% | flat |
| 78 | Germany | 10.7% | 2021 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 79 | Argentina | 10.3% | 2021 | up 50.1% | volatile |
| 80 | Mongolia | 10.3% | 2021 | down 61.3% | volatile |
| 81 | Pakistan | 10.1% | 2021 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 82 | Niger | 10.0% | 2020 | down 55.0% | volatile |
| 83 | Burkina Faso | 10.0% | 2019 | up 228.7% | volatile |
| 84 | Uruguay | 9.9% | 2021 | down 30.5% | flat |
| 85 | Solomon Islands | 9.7% | 2020 | up 77.4% | volatile |
| 86 | Haiti | 9.4% | 2021 | down 33.8% | volatile |
| 87 | Philippines | 9.4% | 2021 | down 60.7% | rising |
| 88 | Thailand | 9.3% | 2021 | down 43.2% | falling |
| 89 | Hungary | 9.3% | 2021 | up 186.9% | volatile |
| 90 | Hong Kong, China | 9.1% | 2021 | down 33.9% | falling |
| 91 | Lithuania | 9.1% | 2021 | up 76.0% | volatile |
| 92 | Chad | 9.0% | 1994 | up 527.7% | volatile |
| 93 | Guinea-Bissau | 8.9% | 2020 | up 198.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Poland | 8.8% | 2021 | up 40.1% | rising |
| 95 | Australia | 8.8% | 2021 | up 11.7% | rising |
| 96 | Austria | 8.6% | 2021 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 97 | Guatemala | 7.9% | 2021 | up 1,658.4% | volatile |
| 98 | Slovenia | 7.8% | 2021 | up 394.5% | falling |
| 99 | Belize | 7.5% | 2021 | down 25.7% | volatile |
| 100 | Zimbabwe | 7.4% | 2020 | up 166.8% | volatile |
| 101 | Bulgaria | 7.4% | 2021 | down 11.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Czechia | 7.2% | 2021 | up 350.1% | falling |
| 103 | Kyrgyzstan | 7.1% | 2021 | down 25.5% | volatile |
| 104 | Belgium | 6.9% | 2021 | up 67.9% | falling |
| 105 | Comoros | 6.8% | 2021 | up 74.9% | volatile |
| 106 | Palestine, State of | 6.8% | 2021 | up 158.8% | volatile |
| 107 | Canada | 6.6% | 2021 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 108 | Serbia | 6.5% | 2021 | up 246.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Ecuador | 6.4% | 2021 | down 60.0% | flat |
| 110 | Lesotho | 6.4% | 2020 | down 12.6% | volatile |
| 111 | Eritrea | 6.3% | 2000 | down 89.8% | volatile |
| 112 | Croatia | 6.2% | 2021 | up 501.4% | volatile |
| 113 | Central African Republic | 6.2% | 1994 | up 231.3% | volatile |
| 114 | Finland | 6.2% | 2021 | up 42.1% | volatile |
| 115 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.8% | 2021 | up 196.5% | volatile |
| 116 | Malaysia | 5.5% | 2021 | down 69.5% | falling |
| 117 | Kenya | 5.5% | 2021 | up 209.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Montenegro | 5.1% | 2021 | up 178.6% | volatile |
| 119 | Marshall Islands | 5.1% | 2020 | down 57.3% | volatile |
| 120 | France | 4.9% | 2021 | up 17.5% | falling |
| 121 | Spain | 4.7% | 2021 | up 94.7% | falling |
| 122 | Italy | 4.6% | 2021 | up 16,275.0% | volatile |
| 123 | Uganda | 4.4% | 2021 | up 12.0% | volatile |
| 124 | El Salvador | 4.3% | 2021 | down 14.3% | volatile |
| 125 | Republic of Moldova | 4.2% | 2021 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 126 | Jordan | 4.1% | 2021 | down 71.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Armenia | 4.0% | 2021 | up 546.3% | volatile |
| 128 | Fiji | 4.0% | 2020 | down 45.1% | volatile |
| 129 | Mexico | 3.6% | 2021 | down 56.6% | falling |
| 130 | Romania | 3.6% | 2021 | down 18.9% | volatile |
| 131 | New Zealand | 3.6% | 2021 | up 4.8% | flat |
| 132 | South Africa | 3.5% | 2021 | up 7.0% | volatile |
| 133 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 3.3% | 2016 | down 70.2% | volatile |
| 134 | Aruba | 3.2% | 2021 | up 124.4% | volatile |
| 135 | Cameroon | 3.0% | 2021 | up 54.4% | volatile |
| 136 | Antigua and Barbuda | 3.0% | 2020 | down 6.7% | volatile |
| 137 | Colombia | 2.9% | 2021 | down 67.7% | falling |
| 138 | Madagascar | 2.7% | 2021 | down 36.8% | volatile |
| 139 | Botswana | 2.6% | 2021 | down 87.3% | falling |
| 140 | Albania | 2.5% | 2021 | down 62.5% | volatile |
| 141 | Rwanda | 2.5% | 2021 | down 57.7% | volatile |
| 142 | Eswatini | 2.4% | 2021 | up 112.5% | volatile |
| 143 | Bahamas | 2.2% | 2021 | down 84.1% | rising |
| 144 | Djibouti | 2.1% | 2020 | down 64.1% | volatile |
| 145 | Japan | 1.9% | 2021 | up 165.8% | volatile |
| 146 | Egypt | 1.8% | 2021 | down 83.8% | falling |
| 147 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 1.7% | 2021 | down 90.8% | volatile |
| 148 | Chile | 1.7% | 2021 | down 82.8% | volatile |
| 149 | United States of America | 1.6% | 2021 | up 319.6% | volatile |
| 150 | Slovakia | 1.6% | 2021 | down 62.5% | volatile |
| 151 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0.8% | 2021 | up 237.6% | volatile |
| 152 | Latvia | 0.3% | 2021 | up 109.6% | volatile |
| 153 | Sudan | -0.0% | 2021 | down 100.1% | volatile |
| 154 | Portugal | -0.5% | 2021 | up 88.8% | volatile |
| 155 | Ukraine | -0.7% | 2021 | up 60.6% | volatile |
| 156 | Brazil | -1.0% | 2021 | down 698.1% | volatile |
| 157 | Iceland | -1.2% | 2021 | up 90.2% | volatile |
| 158 | Cyprus | -2.1% | 2021 | down 148.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Tunisia | -2.7% | 2021 | down 394.7% | volatile |
| 160 | Georgia | -2.9% | 2021 | down 11.8% | volatile |
| 161 | Mauritius | -3.2% | 2021 | down 139.8% | volatile |
| 162 | Seychelles | -3.8% | 2021 | down 313.9% | volatile |
| 163 | Curaçao | -3.9% | 2017 | up 10.5% | volatile |
| 164 | Greece | -3.9% | 2021 | up 70.2% | volatile |
| 165 | Tonga | -4.4% | 2021 | down 160.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Sierra Leone | -5.3% | 2020 | down 133.7% | volatile |
| 167 | Namibia | -5.5% | 2021 | down 265.3% | volatile |
| 168 | Barbados | -5.8% | 2017 | down 281.1% | volatile |
| 169 | Mozambique | -8.0% | 2021 | down 1,334.6% | volatile |
| 170 | Burundi | -8.5% | 2018 | up 46.4% | volatile |
| 171 | Guinea | -10.3% | 2021 | down 146.4% | volatile |
| 172 | Congo | -10.5% | 2020 | down 133.5% | volatile |
| 173 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | -15.6% | 2014 | down 169.6% | volatile |
| 174 | Timor-Leste | -23.6% | 2021 | down 131.7% | volatile |
| 175 | Libya | -23.8% | 2020 | down 155.4% | volatile |
| 176 | Lebanon | -25.1% | 2021 | down 61.6% | volatile |
| 177 | Dominica | -25.3% | 2018 | down 45.8% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Least developed countries 23.3%
- IDA only 21.2%
- Africa Western and Central 21.0%
- South Asia 20.5%
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 20.5%
- Pre-demographic dividend 19.4%
- IDA total 19.1%
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 18.0%
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 18.0%
- Lower middle income 17.7%
- IDA blend 17.0%
- Late-demographic dividend 16.0%
- Low & middle income 15.8%
- Middle income 15.8%
- IDA & IBRD total 15.5%
- Upper middle income 15.3%
- IBRD only 15.0%
- East Asia & Pacific 14.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 14.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa 14.4%
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 14.4%
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 13.9%
- Early-demographic dividend 13.6%
- Pacific island small states 13.5%
- Low income 13.4%
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 13.0%
- Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 12.7%
- Arab World 11.5%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 10.9%
- Africa Eastern and Southern 9.1%
- Small states 9.1%
- World 9.1%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 8.5%
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 8.5%
- Other small states 8.4%
- Europe & Central Asia 8.2%
- European Union 7.8%
- Euro area 7.4%
- Central Europe and the Baltics 7.1%
- High income 5.4%
About this data
Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.