Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income
Upper middle income: Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital was 22.9% in 2021. ▲ Rising
Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income, 1970–2021
Source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB). Measured in % of GNI.
Analysis
Upper middle income recorded 22.9% for adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in 2021.
That represents a change of down 0.3% on the previous year and up 31.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income peaked at 23.0% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 9.3%, in 1974.
Upper middle income ranks 5th of 47 groups on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 52 years of available data.
Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income, year by year
| Year | % of GNI | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 9.6% | — |
| 1971 | 9.4% | -1.5% |
| 1972 | 9.8% | +3.2% |
| 1973 | 9.5% | -2.7% |
| 1974 | 9.3% | -1.8% |
| 1975 | 10.0% | +7.1% |
| 1976 | 10.3% | +2.8% |
| 1977 | 10.6% | +3.0% |
| 1978 | 10.8% | +1.7% |
| 1979 | 10.8% | +0.9% |
| 1980 | 11.6% | +6.9% |
| 1981 | 11.6% | +0.1% |
| 1982 | 12.0% | +3.6% |
| 1983 | 12.4% | +2.8% |
| 1984 | 12.1% | -2.1% |
| 1985 | 12.2% | +1.2% |
| 1986 | 12.9% | +5.3% |
| 1987 | 12.8% | -0.5% |
| 1988 | 12.5% | -2.5% |
| 1989 | 12.3% | -1.4% |
| 1990 | 13.4% | +8.3% |
| 1991 | 11.7% | -12.1% |
| 1992 | 11.5% | -2.2% |
| 1993 | 11.8% | +2.7% |
| 1994 | 11.8% | +0.4% |
| 1995 | 12.3% | +3.7% |
| 1996 | 12.0% | -2.2% |
| 1997 | 12.4% | +3.4% |
| 1998 | 13.3% | +7.2% |
| 1999 | 13.5% | +1.7% |
| 2000 | 13.3% | -1.5% |
| 2001 | 14.0% | +5.3% |
| 2002 | 14.1% | +0.6% |
| 2003 | 14.3% | +1.3% |
| 2004 | 14.2% | -0.6% |
| 2005 | 14.2% | -0.5% |
| 2006 | 14.2% | +0.3% |
| 2007 | 14.3% | +1.0% |
| 2008 | 15.0% | +4.3% |
| 2009 | 16.3% | +9.3% |
| 2010 | 16.6% | +1.8% |
| 2011 | 17.5% | +5.1% |
| 2012 | 18.4% | +5.4% |
| 2013 | 19.2% | +4.1% |
| 2014 | 19.7% | +2.7% |
| 2015 | 20.4% | +3.7% |
| 2016 | 20.5% | +0.2% |
| 2017 | 20.2% | -1.1% |
| 2018 | 21.2% | +4.7% |
| 2019 | 21.7% | +2.5% |
| 2020 | 23.0% | +5.9% |
| 2021 | 22.9% | -0.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 10.0% | 9.3% | 10.8% | 10 |
| 1980s | 12.2% | 11.6% | 12.9% | 10 |
| 1990s | 12.4% | 11.5% | 13.5% | 10 |
| 2000s | 14.4% | 13.3% | 16.3% | 10 |
| 2010s | 19.5% | 16.6% | 21.7% | 10 |
| 2020s | 23.0% | 22.9% | 23.0% | 2 |
Countries ranked near Upper middle income
- 2 Equatorial Guinea 26.6% compare
- 3 China 26.5% compare
- 4 Congo 25.7% compare
- 5 Japan 25.2% compare
- 6 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of 24.6% compare
- 7 Switzerland 24.0% compare
- 8 Liberia 23.9% compare
More economy & growth data for Upper middle income
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 228.01 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- GDP (current US$), annual growth rate 4.63 % change on previous year (2025)
- Services, value added (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.5694 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Services, value added (current US$), per capita 6,201 current US$ per person (2025)
- Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 4.65 % change on previous year (2025)
- Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.5284 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Services, value added (constant 2015 US$), per capita 5,754 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 4.21 % change on previous year (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), per capita 10,192 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.9359 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income?
- Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital in Upper middle income was 22.9% in 2021, according to Staff estimates, World Bank (WB).
- What is the highest adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital recorded in Upper middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 23.0% in 2020.
- What is the lowest adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital recorded in Upper middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 9.3% in 1974.
- How does Upper middle income rank for adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital?
- Upper middle income ranks 5th out of 47 groups with data for 2021.
- Is adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital rising or falling in Upper middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 31.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Staff estimates, World Bank (WB), published as part of Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.