China, Macao Special Administrative Region vs Estonia: Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP
China, Macao Special Administrative Region
0.3%
in 2024
Estonia
1.8%
in 2023
China, Macao Special Administrative Region rank
19th
Estonia rank
22nd
Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP over time
- China, Macao Special Administrative Region
- Estonia
How they compare
Estonia currently reports 1.8% against 0.3% in China, Macao Special Administrative Region, a difference of 1.5%.
That makes Estonia's figure about 5.9 times China, Macao Special Administrative Region's.
Across all 23 years both countries report, Estonia has been ahead every year.
China, Macao Special Administrative Region ranks 19th and Estonia ranks 22nd of 22 groups.
Estonia has averaged higher in every one of the 3 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | China, Macao Special Administrative Region | Estonia | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.1% | 1.0% | 0.9% | Estonia |
| 2010s | 0.1% | 1.6% | 1.5% | Estonia |
| 2020s | 0.4% | 1.8% | 1.4% | Estonia |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp, China, Macao Special Administrative Region or Estonia?
- Estonia, at 1.8% against 0.3% in China, Macao Special Administrative Region as of 2023.
- What is the difference in research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp between China, Macao Special Administrative Region and Estonia?
- 1.5%, with Estonia ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for China, Macao Special Administrative Region and Estonia?
- 23 years are reported by both, from 2001 to 2023.
- How do China, Macao Special Administrative Region and Estonia rank globally for research and development expenditure as a proportion of gdp?
- China, Macao Special Administrative Region ranks 19th and Estonia ranks 22nd of 22 groups.
- Where does this data come from?
- United Nations Statistics Division, SDG Global Database, published as Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.