Vulnerability score, Exposure by country
The ND-GAIN index is a global free open-source index, that measures a country’s current vulnerability to climate disruptions and assesses a country’s readiness to leverage private and public sector investment for adaptive actions. The IMF-adapted ND-GAIN index is an adaptation of the original index, adjusted by IMF...
Countries reporting
192
Highest
0.7224
Maldives
Lowest
0.247
Andorra, Principality of
Median
0.4421
Years covered
10
2015–2024
Data points
1,920
What the numbers show
Vulnerability score, Exposure is currently reported for 192 countries. The highest value is 0.7224 in Maldives; the lowest is 0.247 in Andorra, Principality of.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.4421, and the mean is 0.4354.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 3.
Vulnerability score, Exposure: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maldives | 0.7224 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 2 | Niger | 0.6327 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 3 | Tuvalu | 0.6314 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 4 | Kiribati | 0.6185 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 5 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 0.5977 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 6 | Seychelles | 0.5943 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 7 | Marshall Islands, Republic of the | 0.587 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 8 | Naoero | 0.5864 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 9 | India | 0.5715 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 10 | Myanmar | 0.5651 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 11 | Solomon Islands | 0.5571 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 12 | Zambia | 0.5494 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 13 | Tonga | 0.5447 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 14 | Angola | 0.5431 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 15 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 0.5419 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 16 | Sudan | 0.5417 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 17 | Chad | 0.5406 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 18 | Singapore | 0.5383 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 19 | Palau | 0.5317 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 20 | Ecuador | 0.5316 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 21 | Burkina Faso | 0.5289 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 22 | Somalia | 0.526 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 23 | Mali | 0.5251 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 24 | Timor-Leste, Democratic Republic of | 0.5238 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 25 | Burundi | 0.5223 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 26 | Uganda | 0.52 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 27 | Japan | 0.5195 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 28 | Bangladesh | 0.5187 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 29 | Indonesia | 0.5179 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 30 | Zimbabwe | 0.5169 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 31 | Senegal | 0.5111 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 32 | Ethiopia, The Federal Democratic Republic of | 0.5109 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 33 | Rwanda | 0.5086 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 34 | Kenya | 0.5083 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 35 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.5049 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 36 | Brazil | 0.5013 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 37 | Colombia | 0.5013 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 38 | Madagascar, Republic of | 0.4996 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 39 | Sri Lanka | 0.4995 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 40 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0.4992 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 41 | Cuba | 0.4974 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Central African Republic | 0.4953 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 43 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 0.4944 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 44 | Korea | 0.4941 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 45 | Nicaragua | 0.4932 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 46 | Malawi | 0.4932 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 47 | Pakistan | 0.4927 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 48 | Philippines | 0.4923 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 49 | Papua New Guinea | 0.4909 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 50 | Vietnam | 0.4908 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 51 | Liberia | 0.4882 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 52 | Mexico | 0.4874 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 53 | Congo, Republic of | 0.4867 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 54 | Vanuatu | 0.4867 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 55 | Bhutan | 0.4849 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 56 | Mauritius | 0.4847 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 57 | Sierra Leone | 0.4847 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 58 | United States | 0.481 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 59 | Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of | 0.4805 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 60 | Australia | 0.4797 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 61 | Guatemala | 0.4793 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 62 | Samoa | 0.4778 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 63 | Nepal | 0.4772 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 64 | São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of | 0.4767 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 65 | Gambia, The | 0.4744 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 66 | Belize | 0.4723 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 67 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.4716 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 68 | Comoros, Union of the | 0.4709 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 69 | Argentina | 0.4705 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 70 | El Salvador | 0.4693 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 71 | Gabon | 0.4625 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 72 | Cameroon | 0.4625 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 73 | Fiji, Republic of | 0.4603 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 74 | Eritrea, The State of | 0.4593 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 75 | Thailand | 0.4576 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 76 | Peru | 0.4565 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 77 | Nigeria | 0.4549 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 78 | Uruguay | 0.4545 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 79 | Yemen, Republic of | 0.4522 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 80 | New Zealand | 0.4516 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 81 | Costa Rica | 0.451 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 82 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.4508 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 83 | China (People’s Republic of) | 0.4485 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 84 | Bolivia | 0.4484 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 85 | Iceland | 0.4482 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 86 | Jamaica | 0.4476 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 87 | Dominican Republic | 0.4472 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 88 | Benin | 0.447 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 89 | Panama | 0.4465 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 90 | Eswatini, Kingdom of | 0.446 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 91 | Honduras | 0.4454 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 92 | Romania | 0.4452 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 93 | Equatorial Guinea, Republic of | 0.4449 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 94 | Ghana | 0.4443 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 95 | Finland | 0.443 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 96 | Malaysia | 0.443 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 97 | Denmark | 0.4413 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 98 | Haiti | 0.4412 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 99 | Italy | 0.4411 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 100 | Russian Federation | 0.4396 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 101 | Iraq | 0.4366 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 102 | Guinea | 0.4356 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 103 | St. Kitts and Nevis | 0.4346 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 104 | Mozambique, Republic of | 0.4335 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 105 | Canada | 0.4335 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 106 | Monaco | 0.4317 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 107 | South Africa | 0.4306 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 108 | Bahamas, The | 0.4274 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 109 | Greece | 0.4246 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 110 | Paraguay | 0.4229 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 111 | Venezuela, República Bolivariana de | 0.4217 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Namibia | 0.4213 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 113 | Suriname | 0.4182 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 114 | Bahrain, Kingdom of | 0.4178 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 115 | Türkiye | 0.4153 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 116 | Djibouti | 0.4131 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 117 | Ireland | 0.4108 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 118 | Sweden | 0.4101 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 119 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.4099 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 120 | Oman | 0.4098 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 121 | Togo | 0.4092 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 122 | Albania | 0.4082 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 123 | Georgia | 0.4058 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 124 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.4048 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 125 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.4043 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 126 | Guyana | 0.4039 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 127 | Ukraine | 0.4035 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 128 | Croatia | 0.4032 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 129 | Kuwait | 0.3975 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 130 | Netherlands | 0.397 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 131 | Qatar | 0.397 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 132 | France | 0.3967 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 133 | Barbados | 0.3962 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 134 | Cambodia | 0.3939 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 135 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.3938 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 136 | Portugal | 0.3935 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 137 | United Kingdom | 0.39 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 138 | Norway | 0.3893 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 139 | St. Lucia | 0.386 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 140 | Cabo Verde | 0.3855 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 141 | Chile | 0.3842 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 142 | Bulgaria | 0.3824 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 143 | Grenada | 0.3819 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 144 | Estonia | 0.3788 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 145 | Latvia | 0.3744 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 146 | Syrian Arab Republic | 0.372 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 147 | Dominica | 0.3686 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 148 | United Arab Emirates | 0.3673 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 149 | Lesotho, Kingdom of | 0.3648 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 150 | Lithuania | 0.3648 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 151 | Mauritania, Islamic Republic of | 0.3638 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 152 | Serbia, Republic of | 0.3635 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 153 | Spain | 0.3614 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 154 | Tajikistan, Republic of | 0.3613 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 155 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 0.3602 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 156 | Saudi Arabia | 0.3577 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 157 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.3574 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 158 | Botswana | 0.3565 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 159 | Azerbaijan, Republic of | 0.3514 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 160 | Kazakhstan, Republic of | 0.3507 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 161 | Austria | 0.3504 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 162 | Hungary | 0.3488 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 163 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 0.3468 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 164 | Germany | 0.3468 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 165 | Cyprus | 0.341 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 166 | Belgium | 0.3403 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 167 | Morocco | 0.3383 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 168 | Armenia, Republic of | 0.3374 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 169 | Moldova, Republic of | 0.336 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 170 | Slovak Republic | 0.3347 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 171 | Poland | 0.3341 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 172 | Lebanon | 0.3321 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 173 | Slovenia | 0.3307 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 174 | Tunisia | 0.3296 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 175 | Montenegro | 0.3295 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 176 | Algeria | 0.3265 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 177 | Belarus, Republic of | 0.3262 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 178 | Kyrgyz Republic | 0.3259 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 179 | Uzbekistan, Republic of | 0.3185 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 180 | North Macedonia, Republic of | 0.3148 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 181 | Malta | 0.3097 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 182 | Turkmenistan | 0.3087 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 183 | Switzerland | 0.3085 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 184 | Jordan | 0.2885 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 185 | Libya | 0.2863 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 186 | Israel | 0.2838 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 187 | Luxembourg | 0.2817 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 188 | Czechia | 0.2733 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 189 | San Marino, Republic of | 0.2703 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 190 | Mongolia | 0.2671 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 191 | Liechtenstein | 0.2552 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 192 | Andorra, Principality of | 0.247 | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
About this data
The ND-GAIN index is a global free open-source index, that measures a country’s current vulnerability to climate disruptions and assesses a country’s readiness to leverage private and public sector investment for adaptive actions. The IMF-adapted ND-GAIN index is an adaptation of the original index, adjusted by IMF staff to replace the Doing Business (DB) Index, used as source data in the original ND-GAIN, because the DB database has been discontinued by the World Bank in 2020 and it is no longer allowed in IMF work. The IMF-adapted ND-GAIN is an interim solution offered by IMF staff until the ND-GAIN compilers will review the methodology and replace the DB index.