Share of central government spending funded by taxes by country
Spending refers to the budgetary central government which includes the core institutions of the national government. Funds only include taxes; Fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded.
Countries reporting
174
Highest
105.0%
Nicaragua
Lowest
2.3%
Kuwait
Median
57.4%
Years covered
24
2000–2023
Data points
3,268
What the numbers show
Share of central government spending funded by taxes is currently reported for 174 countries. The highest value is 105.0% in Nicaragua; the lowest is 2.3% in Kuwait.
The median across all reporting countries is 57.4%, and the mean is 57.7%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 45.
Over the past decade 86 countries rose and 86 fell. The largest increase was in Saudi Arabia (up 217.9%), and the largest decrease in Macau, China (down 71.8%).
Share of central government spending funded by taxes: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nicaragua | 105.0% | 2023 | up 19.8% | rising |
| 2 | Benin | 102.4% | 2013 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 3 | Grenada | 98.3% | 2017 | up 36.0% | rising |
| 4 | Denmark | 93.9% | 2023 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 5 | Algeria | 91.3% | 2011 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 6 | Macau, China | 90.9% | 2023 | down 71.8% | falling |
| 7 | Singapore | 85.2% | 2023 | down 41.1% | falling |
| 8 | Saint Lucia | 84.3% | 2017 | down 10.6% | rising |
| 9 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 83.9% | 2017 | up 6.2% | flat |
| 10 | Armenia | 83.9% | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 11 | Sweden | 83.7% | 2022 | up 6.6% | flat |
| 12 | Belize | 83.3% | 2017 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 13 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 82.9% | 2022 | up 30.9% | flat |
| 14 | Ireland | 82.7% | 2022 | up 50.9% | falling |
| 15 | Uruguay | 81.7% | 2023 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 16 | Eswatini | 81.3% | 2021 | up 25.2% | falling |
| 17 | Palestine, State of | 80.3% | 2021 | up 37.2% | rising |
| 18 | Seychelles | 80.1% | 2023 | down 9.3% | rising |
| 19 | Jamaica | 79.5% | 2020 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 20 | Barbados | 79.5% | 2016 | down 11.6% | falling |
| 21 | New Zealand | 78.2% | 2022 | up 4.9% | falling |
| 21 | Viet Nam | 78.2% | 2021 | down 10.8% | falling |
| 23 | Georgia | 76.3% | 2023 | down 5.3% | flat |
| 24 | Anguilla | 75.4% | 2017 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 25 | Nepal | 75.1% | 2021 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 26 | Liberia | 74.6% | 2013 | down 22.4% | falling |
| 27 | Australia | 74.4% | 2022 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 28 | Antigua and Barbuda | 74.1% | 2014 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 29 | Kazakhstan | 73.4% | 2023 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 30 | Iceland | 73.2% | 2023 | up 9.7% | falling |
| 31 | Bahamas | 73.0% | 2023 | up 13.9% | falling |
| 32 | United Arab Emirates | 72.9% | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 33 | Suriname | 72.8% | 2012 | up 10.7% | falling |
| 34 | Papua New Guinea | 71.6% | 2023 | up 8.2% | falling |
| 35 | Fiji | 71.5% | 2023 | down 16.9% | falling |
| 36 | Chile | 71.2% | 2023 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 37 | Dominican Republic | 71.0% | 2022 | up 14.4% | falling |
| 38 | Burundi | 70.9% | 2021 | up 87.3% | rising |
| 39 | Thailand | 70.9% | 2023 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 39 | South Africa | 70.9% | 2022 | up 5.2% | falling |
| 41 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 70.6% | 2007 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 42 | Mozambique | 70.6% | 2022 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 43 | Norway | 70.6% | 2023 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 44 | Guatemala | 70.6% | 2023 | down 22.5% | falling |
| 45 | Canada | 70.1% | 2023 | up 5.4% | falling |
| 46 | Indonesia | 69.6% | 2023 | up 4.0% | flat |
| 47 | Mali | 69.4% | 2020 | up 7.3% | rising |
| 48 | Sudan | 68.5% | 2016 | up 94.1% | rising |
| 49 | Sierra Leone | 68.4% | 2018 | up 60.8% | rising |
| 50 | El Salvador | 68.3% | 2023 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 51 | Kyrgyzstan | 68.0% | 2023 | up 0.3% | falling |
| 52 | Peru | 67.8% | 2021 | down 17.5% | falling |
| 53 | Mauritius | 67.6% | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 54 | Morocco | 67.6% | 2023 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 55 | Solomon Islands | 67.1% | 2022 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 56 | Cameroon | 67.0% | 2021 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 57 | Botswana | 66.8% | 2022 | down 9.6% | flat |
| 58 | Albania | 66.6% | 2023 | up 13.2% | rising |
| 59 | Namibia | 66.2% | 2022 | up 24.5% | falling |
| 60 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 65.8% | 2023 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 61 | Côte d'Ivoire | 65.1% | 2023 | down 12.3% | falling |
| 62 | Philippines | 64.6% | 2023 | down 14.8% | falling |
| 63 | Senegal | 64.3% | 2023 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 64 | Samoa | 63.6% | 2021 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 65 | Switzerland | 63.3% | 2023 | up 4.5% | flat |
| 66 | Uganda | 63.2% | 2023 | down 11.1% | rising |
| 67 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 62.7% | 2023 | up 3.0% | falling |
| 68 | Israel | 62.5% | 2023 | down 1.3% | rising |
| 69 | Luxembourg | 62.5% | 2023 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 70 | Kenya | 61.6% | 2023 | down 11.2% | falling |
| 71 | Bangladesh | 61.5% | 2021 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 72 | Zimbabwe | 61.5% | 2018 | down 35.9% | falling |
| 73 | Netherlands | 61.4% | 2023 | up 30.7% | rising |
| 74 | Cambodia | 61.2% | 2021 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 75 | Russian Federation | 61.1% | 2023 | up 12.6% | falling |
| 76 | Malta | 60.8% | 2023 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 77 | Madagascar | 60.3% | 2022 | down 20.1% | rising |
| 78 | Portugal | 60.0% | 2023 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 79 | Zambia | 59.9% | 2021 | down 10.2% | falling |
| 80 | Cyprus | 59.1% | 2023 | up 11.5% | flat |
| 81 | Lithuania | 59.0% | 2023 | up 29.2% | flat |
| 82 | Colombia | 58.9% | 2023 | up 16.1% | rising |
| 83 | Mexico | 58.1% | 2023 | up 31.9% | rising |
| 84 | Belarus | 58.0% | 2023 | down 1.9% | falling |
| 85 | Tunisia | 57.7% | 2012 | down 12.4% | falling |
| 86 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 57.6% | 2022 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 87 | Croatia | 57.4% | 2023 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 88 | Lebanon | 57.4% | 2020 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 89 | Gabon | 57.2% | 2021 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 90 | Lesotho | 57.1% | 2022 | down 9.8% | falling |
| 91 | Belgium | 56.7% | 2022 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 92 | Greece | 56.5% | 2023 | up 39.2% | rising |
| 93 | Azerbaijan | 56.5% | 2022 | up 56.6% | flat |
| 94 | Malaysia | 56.4% | 2023 | down 8.9% | falling |
| 95 | Togo | 56.2% | 2023 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 96 | Honduras | 55.3% | 2020 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 97 | Republic of Korea | 55.2% | 2023 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 98 | Finland | 55.0% | 2023 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 99 | Bulgaria | 54.8% | 2023 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 100 | Burkina Faso | 54.4% | 2022 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 101 | Pakistan | 54.2% | 2015 | down 6.9% | falling |
| 102 | Italy | 54.1% | 2023 | down 9.4% | falling |
| 103 | Cape Verde | 53.7% | 2020 | up 24.0% | flat |
| 104 | Republic of Moldova | 53.5% | 2023 | down 9.7% | flat |
| 105 | Serbia | 53.4% | 2022 | up 3.5% | falling |
| 106 | Türkiye | 53.3% | 2023 | down 9.0% | falling |
| 107 | Spain | 52.9% | 2023 | up 12.0% | falling |
| 108 | Andorra | 52.9% | 2023 | down 3.3% | flat |
| 109 | Austria | 52.8% | 2023 | down 2.7% | flat |
| 110 | Maldives | 52.7% | 2021 | up 30.6% | rising |
| 111 | United States of America | 52.4% | 2023 | up 0.7% | falling |
| 112 | Brazil | 52.2% | 2023 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 113 | France | 52.0% | 2023 | up 4.0% | flat |
| 114 | Hungary | 51.9% | 2022 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 115 | Vanuatu | 51.8% | 2023 | down 35.1% | falling |
| 116 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 51.8% | 2023 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 117 | Latvia | 51.5% | 2023 | down 5.7% | flat |
| 118 | Tajikistan | 51.4% | 2023 | — | falling |
| 119 | Japan | 51.3% | 2022 | up 23.7% | rising |
| 120 | North Macedonia | 51.2% | 2021 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 121 | Estonia | 50.9% | 2023 | down 7.1% | falling |
| 122 | Uzbekistan | 50.8% | 2023 | down 38.9% | falling |
| 123 | Germany | 50.4% | 2022 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 124 | Ethiopia | 50.3% | 2023 | down 17.7% | rising |
| 125 | Mongolia | 49.9% | 2021 | down 16.4% | falling |
| 126 | Angola | 49.8% | 2019 | down 7.6% | falling |
| 127 | Argentina | 49.7% | 2022 | down 0.5% | falling |
| 128 | Tonga | 49.3% | 2023 | down 7.6% | falling |
| 129 | China | 48.8% | 2023 | down 28.9% | falling |
| 130 | Costa Rica | 48.6% | 2023 | up 0.0% | falling |
| 131 | Hong Kong, China | 48.5% | 2022 | down 29.1% | flat |
| 132 | Trinidad and Tobago | 48.0% | 2019 | down 29.7% | falling |
| 133 | Ghana | 47.8% | 2022 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 134 | Paraguay | 47.7% | 2023 | down 13.5% | falling |
| 135 | Malawi | 47.6% | 2022 | down 21.0% | flat |
| 136 | India | 47.4% | 2022 | down 28.4% | rising |
| 137 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 47.2% | 2020 | down 12.6% | falling |
| 138 | Qatar | 46.9% | 2010 | down 43.7% | falling |
| 139 | Rwanda | 46.3% | 2023 | up 4.9% | falling |
| 140 | Jordan | 46.2% | 2023 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 141 | Dominica | 46.2% | 2017 | down 38.6% | falling |
| 142 | Poland | 46.0% | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 143 | Slovenia | 44.8% | 2023 | up 15.3% | falling |
| 144 | Central African Republic | 44.7% | 2021 | down 3.2% | flat |
| 145 | Equatorial Guinea | 44.0% | 2022 | up 77.3% | rising |
| 146 | Czechia | 43.8% | 2022 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 147 | San Marino | 42.9% | 2023 | — | falling |
| 148 | Ecuador | 42.3% | 2022 | up 14.5% | flat |
| 149 | Romania | 41.8% | 2022 | down 16.6% | falling |
| 150 | Panama | 41.7% | 2021 | down 29.4% | falling |
| 151 | Sri Lanka | 41.4% | 2022 | down 30.4% | falling |
| 152 | Egypt | 38.2% | 2015 | down 15.8% | falling |
| 153 | Timor-Leste | 38.0% | 2022 | down 67.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Bhutan | 37.6% | 2020 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 155 | Naoero | 36.0% | 2020 | up 64.7% | rising |
| 156 | Somalia | 35.3% | 2023 | down 40.3% | falling |
| 157 | Sao Tome and Principe | 34.8% | 2022 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 158 | Congo | 33.9% | 2021 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 159 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 32.7% | 2009 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 160 | Myanmar | 32.4% | 2019 | up 33.6% | falling |
| 161 | Ukraine | 32.1% | 2023 | down 34.2% | flat |
| 162 | Palau | 30.7% | 2020 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 163 | Marshall Islands | 26.1% | 2020 | up 19.3% | rising |
| 164 | Montserrat | 25.3% | 2014 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 165 | Saudi Arabia | 24.5% | 2023 | up 217.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 23.4% | 2020 | up 71.4% | volatile |
| 167 | Nigeria | 23.2% | 2013 | up 114.6% | rising |
| 168 | Yemen | 20.8% | 2012 | down 34.5% | falling |
| 169 | Afghanistan | 20.6% | 2017 | up 30.6% | falling |
| 170 | Kiribati | 19.4% | 2023 | down 25.1% | falling |
| 171 | Bahrain | 10.1% | 2020 | up 135.3% | volatile |
| 172 | Oman | 5.6% | 2013 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 173 | Iraq | 3.7% | 2019 | up 68.3% | rising |
| 174 | Kuwait | 2.3% | 2015 | down 30.5% | falling |
About this data
Spending refers to the budgetary central government which includes the core institutions of the national government. Funds only include taxes; Fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded.