Reserves and related items in Spain
Spain: Reserves and related items was 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Reserves and related items in Spain, 1975–2025
Source: Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in BoP, current US$.
Analysis
Spain recorded 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ for reserves and related items in 2025.
The figure is down 19.4% on the previous year and down 79.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, reserves and related items in Spain peaked at 24.28 billion BoP, current US$ in 1996 and was at its lowest, -22.79 billion BoP, current US$, in 1999.
That places Spain 49th out of 195 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Reserves and related items in Spain, year by year
| Year | BoP, current US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1975 | -828.75 million BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1976 | -1.09 billion BoP, current US$ | +31.6% |
| 1977 | 1.15 billion BoP, current US$ | -205.1% |
| 1978 | 3.76 billion BoP, current US$ | +228.0% |
| 1979 | 3.52 billion BoP, current US$ | -6.2% |
| 1980 | -718.66 million BoP, current US$ | -120.4% |
| 1981 | -655.11 million BoP, current US$ | -8.8% |
| 1982 | -3.10 billion BoP, current US$ | +373.9% |
| 1983 | -264.95 million BoP, current US$ | -91.5% |
| 1984 | 4.82 billion BoP, current US$ | -1918.0% |
| 1985 | -2.28 billion BoP, current US$ | -147.2% |
| 1986 | 2.34 billion BoP, current US$ | -203.0% |
| 1987 | 12.71 billion BoP, current US$ | +442.1% |
| 1988 | 8.42 billion BoP, current US$ | -33.8% |
| 1989 | 4.72 billion BoP, current US$ | -44.0% |
| 1990 | 7.19 billion BoP, current US$ | +52.4% |
| 1991 | 14.31 billion BoP, current US$ | +99.0% |
| 1992 | -17.81 billion BoP, current US$ | -224.5% |
| 1993 | -5.20 billion BoP, current US$ | -70.8% |
| 1994 | 36.32 million BoP, current US$ | -100.7% |
| 1995 | -6.41 billion BoP, current US$ | -17761.1% |
| 1996 | 24.28 billion BoP, current US$ | -478.6% |
| 1997 | 11.76 billion BoP, current US$ | -51.6% |
| 1998 | -14.35 billion BoP, current US$ | -222.1% |
| 1999 | -22.79 billion BoP, current US$ | +58.8% |
| 2000 | -2.88 billion BoP, current US$ | -87.4% |
| 2001 | -1.34 billion BoP, current US$ | -53.4% |
| 2002 | 3.69 billion BoP, current US$ | -375.8% |
| 2003 | -15.50 billion BoP, current US$ | -519.7% |
| 2004 | -6.41 billion BoP, current US$ | -58.6% |
| 2005 | -1.92 billion BoP, current US$ | -70.1% |
| 2006 | 576.26 million BoP, current US$ | -130.1% |
| 2007 | 218.04 million BoP, current US$ | -62.2% |
| 2008 | 686.61 million BoP, current US$ | +214.9% |
| 2009 | 5.97 billion BoP, current US$ | +769.6% |
| 2010 | 1.05 billion BoP, current US$ | -82.4% |
| 2011 | 13.78 billion BoP, current US$ | +1209.7% |
| 2012 | 3.18 billion BoP, current US$ | -76.9% |
| 2013 | 839.12 million BoP, current US$ | -73.6% |
| 2014 | 4.90 billion BoP, current US$ | +483.6% |
| 2015 | 5.62 billion BoP, current US$ | +14.7% |
| 2016 | 9.27 billion BoP, current US$ | +65.1% |
| 2017 | 4.28 billion BoP, current US$ | -53.9% |
| 2018 | 2.56 billion BoP, current US$ | -40.1% |
| 2019 | 763.52 million BoP, current US$ | -70.2% |
| 2020 | -262.50 million BoP, current US$ | -134.4% |
| 2021 | 12.15 billion BoP, current US$ | -4729.2% |
| 2022 | 4.40 billion BoP, current US$ | -63.8% |
| 2023 | 6.45 billion BoP, current US$ | +46.6% |
| 2024 | 1.45 billion BoP, current US$ | -77.5% |
| 2025 | 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ | -19.4% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ is above the median for high income countries, which is 314.33 million BoP, current US$, 3.7× the median. (67 countries reporting)
- Spain's 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 560.57 million BoP, current US$, 2.1× the median. (49 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Reserves and related items in Spain changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | -17761.1% | 36.32 million BoP, current US$ | -6.41 billion BoP, current US$ |
| 2021 | +4729.2% | -262.50 million BoP, current US$ | 12.15 billion BoP, current US$ |
| 1984 | +1918.0% | -264.95 million BoP, current US$ | 4.82 billion BoP, current US$ |
| 2011 | +1209.7% | 1.05 billion BoP, current US$ | 13.78 billion BoP, current US$ |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1.30 billion BoP, current US$ | -1.09 billion BoP, current US$ | 3.76 billion BoP, current US$ | 5 |
| 1980s | 2.60 billion BoP, current US$ | -3.10 billion BoP, current US$ | 12.71 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 1990s | -900.17 million BoP, current US$ | -22.79 billion BoP, current US$ | 24.28 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2000s | -1.69 billion BoP, current US$ | -15.50 billion BoP, current US$ | 5.97 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 4.62 billion BoP, current US$ | 763.52 million BoP, current US$ | 13.78 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 4.23 billion BoP, current US$ | -262.50 million BoP, current US$ | 12.15 billion BoP, current US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More economy & growth data for Spain
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.77 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 1.62 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 46.38 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0243 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 939.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 28.09 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -34.34 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0147 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 569.12 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 19.32 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is reserves and related items in Spain?
- Reserves and related items in Spain was 1.17 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025, according to Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest reserves and related items recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 24.28 billion BoP, current US$ in 1996.
- What is the lowest reserves and related items recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was -22.79 billion BoP, current US$ in 1999.
- How does Spain rank for reserves and related items?
- Spain ranks 49th out of 195 countries with data for 2025.
- Is reserves and related items rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 79.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Reserves and related items is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency.Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.