R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Romania
Romania: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.0044 Percentage of GDP in 2024. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Romania, 2000–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
Romania recorded 0.0044 Percentage of GDP for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in 2024.
That represents a change of down 13.7% on the previous year and up 33.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Romania peaked at 0.0075 Percentage of GDP in 2018 and was at its lowest, 0 Percentage of GDP, in 2000.
That places Romania 28th out of 43 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Romania, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2002 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2003 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2004 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2005 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2006 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2007 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2008 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2009 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2010 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2011 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2012 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2013 | 0 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2014 | 0.0033 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2015 | 0.0029 Percentage of GDP | -12.1% |
| 2016 | 0.0037 Percentage of GDP | +27.6% |
| 2017 | 0.0063 Percentage of GDP | +70.3% |
| 2018 | 0.0075 Percentage of GDP | +19.0% |
| 2019 | 0.0075 Percentage of GDP | +0.0% |
| 2020 | 0.0071 Percentage of GDP | -5.3% |
| 2021 | 0.007 Percentage of GDP | -1.4% |
| 2022 | 0.0046 Percentage of GDP | -34.3% |
| 2023 | 0.0051 Percentage of GDP | +10.9% |
| 2024 | 0.0044 Percentage of GDP | -13.7% |
Romania compared with similar countries
- Romania's 0.0044 Percentage of GDP is below the median for high income countries, which is 0.0457 Percentage of GDP, 10% of the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Romania's 0.0044 Percentage of GDP is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0485 Percentage of GDP, 9% of the median. (22 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0 Percentage of GDP | 0 Percentage of GDP | 0 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0031 Percentage of GDP | 0 Percentage of GDP | 0.0075 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.0056 Percentage of GDP | 0.0044 Percentage of GDP | 0.0071 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
Countries ranked near Romania
More economy & growth data for Romania
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 3.82 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 3.5 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 803.14 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0019 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 42.23 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 9.37 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 30.94 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0219 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 492.84 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 23.51 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Romania?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Romania was 0.0044 Percentage of GDP in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Romania?
- The highest recorded value was 0.0075 Percentage of GDP in 2018.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Romania?
- The lowest recorded value was 0 Percentage of GDP in 2000.
- How does Romania rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- Romania ranks 28th out of 43 countries with data for 2024.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in Romania?
- Over the last ten years it is up 33.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Romania data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.