R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Italy
Italy: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect was 0.0512 Percentage of GDP in 2023. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Italy, 2000–2023
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Italy is 0.0512 Percentage of GDP, measured in 2023.
The figure is down 14.2% on the previous year and up 1,283.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Italy peaked at 0.2032 Percentage of GDP in 2018 and was at its lowest, 0.001 Percentage of GDP, in 2006.
That places Italy 19th out of 43 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Italy, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0011 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.0031 Percentage of GDP | +181.8% |
| 2002 | 0.0033 Percentage of GDP | +6.5% |
| 2003 | 0.0019 Percentage of GDP | -42.4% |
| 2004 | 0.0022 Percentage of GDP | +15.8% |
| 2005 | 0.0019 Percentage of GDP | -13.6% |
| 2006 | 0.001 Percentage of GDP | -47.4% |
| 2007 | 0.019 Percentage of GDP | +1800.0% |
| 2008 | 0.0326 Percentage of GDP | +71.6% |
| 2009 | 0.027 Percentage of GDP | -17.2% |
| 2010 | 0.0043 Percentage of GDP | -84.1% |
| 2011 | 0.0035 Percentage of GDP | -18.6% |
| 2012 | 0.0114 Percentage of GDP | +225.7% |
| 2013 | 0.0037 Percentage of GDP | -67.5% |
| 2014 | 0.003 Percentage of GDP | -18.9% |
| 2015 | 0.0508 Percentage of GDP | +1593.3% |
| 2016 | 0.0891 Percentage of GDP | +75.4% |
| 2017 | 0.1818 Percentage of GDP | +104.0% |
| 2018 | 0.2032 Percentage of GDP | +11.8% |
| 2019 | 0.1725 Percentage of GDP | -15.1% |
| 2020 | 0.0573 Percentage of GDP | -66.8% |
| 2021 | 0.0671 Percentage of GDP | +17.1% |
| 2022 | 0.0597 Percentage of GDP | -11.0% |
| 2023 | 0.0512 Percentage of GDP | -14.2% |
Italy compared with similar countries
- Italy's 0.0512 Percentage of GDP is above the median for high income countries, which is 0.0457 Percentage of GDP, 1.1× the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Italy's 0.0512 Percentage of GDP is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0485 Percentage of GDP, 1.1× the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect in Italy changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | +1800.0% | 0.001 Percentage of GDP | 0.019 Percentage of GDP |
| 2015 | +1593.3% | 0.003 Percentage of GDP | 0.0508 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.0093 Percentage of GDP | 0.001 Percentage of GDP | 0.0326 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0723 Percentage of GDP | 0.003 Percentage of GDP | 0.2032 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.0588 Percentage of GDP | 0.0512 Percentage of GDP | 0.0671 Percentage of GDP | 4 |
Countries ranked near Italy
More economy & growth data for Italy
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.18 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 0.8337 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 22.90 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.009 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 388.75 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 882.91 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -96.9 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0003 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 14.99 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 49.38 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Italy?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect in Italy was 0.0512 Percentage of GDP in 2023, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 0.2032 Percentage of GDP in 2018.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.001 Percentage of GDP in 2006.
- How does Italy rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect?
- Italy ranks 19th out of 43 countries with data for 2023.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd — indirect rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is up 1,283.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Indirect government support through R&D tax incentives (GTARD). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.