R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Bulgaria
Bulgaria: R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD was 0.0041 Percentage of GDP in 2022. ◆ Volatile
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Bulgaria, 2000–2022
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
In 2022, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Bulgaria stood at 0.0041 Percentage of GDP.
That represents a change of down 10.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Bulgaria peaked at 0.0137 Percentage of GDP in 2008 and was at its lowest, 0.0001 Percentage of GDP, in 2005.
Bulgaria ranks 35th of 38 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Bulgaria, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0052 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 2001 | 0.0004 Percentage of GDP | -92.3% |
| 2002 | 0.0009 Percentage of GDP | +125.0% |
| 2003 | 0.0002 Percentage of GDP | -77.8% |
| 2004 | 0.0003 Percentage of GDP | +50.0% |
| 2005 | 0.0001 Percentage of GDP | -66.7% |
| 2006 | 0.001 Percentage of GDP | +900.0% |
| 2007 | 0.0036 Percentage of GDP | +260.0% |
| 2008 | 0.0137 Percentage of GDP | +280.6% |
| 2009 | 0.0097 Percentage of GDP | -29.2% |
| 2010 | 0.0069 Percentage of GDP | -28.9% |
| 2011 | 0.004 Percentage of GDP | -42.0% |
| 2012 | 0.0046 Percentage of GDP | +15.0% |
| 2013 | 0.0071 Percentage of GDP | +54.3% |
| 2014 | 0.0099 Percentage of GDP | +39.4% |
| 2015 | 0.0096 Percentage of GDP | -3.0% |
| 2016 | 0.0089 Percentage of GDP | -7.3% |
| 2017 | 0.0097 Percentage of GDP | +9.0% |
| 2018 | 0.0086 Percentage of GDP | -11.3% |
| 2019 | 0.0075 Percentage of GDP | -12.8% |
| 2020 | 0.006 Percentage of GDP | -20.0% |
| 2021 | 0.0041 Percentage of GDP | -31.7% |
| 2022 | 0.0041 Percentage of GDP | +0.0% |
Bulgaria compared with similar countries
- Bulgaria's 0.0041 Percentage of GDP is below the median for high income countries, which is 0.0556 Percentage of GDP, 7% of the median. (31 countries reporting)
- Bulgaria's 0.0041 Percentage of GDP is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.0772 Percentage of GDP, 5% of the median. (22 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD in Bulgaria changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | +900.0% | 0.0001 Percentage of GDP | 0.001 Percentage of GDP |
| 2008 | +280.6% | 0.0036 Percentage of GDP | 0.0137 Percentage of GDP |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 0.0035 Percentage of GDP | 0.0001 Percentage of GDP | 0.0137 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.0077 Percentage of GDP | 0.004 Percentage of GDP | 0.0099 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.0047 Percentage of GDP | 0.0041 Percentage of GDP | 0.006 Percentage of GDP | 3 |
Countries ranked near Bulgaria
More economy & growth data for Bulgaria
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 3.48 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 2.58 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 1.51 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0116 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 234.99 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 4.88 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 60.06 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0373 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 759.02 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 7.89 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Bulgaria?
- R&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd in Bulgaria was 0.0041 Percentage of GDP in 2022, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Bulgaria?
- The highest recorded value was 0.0137 Percentage of GDP in 2008.
- What is the lowest r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd recorded in Bulgaria?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.0001 Percentage of GDP in 2005.
- How does Bulgaria rank for r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd?
- Bulgaria ranks 35th out of 38 countries with data for 2022.
- Is r&d tax expenditure and direct government funding of berd rising or falling in Bulgaria?
- Over the last ten years it is down 10.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Bulgaria data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of R&D tax expenditure and direct government funding of BERD — Government-financed BERD. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The OECD R&D Tax Incentives database provides a set of indicators that reflect the level and structure of central and subnational government support for business R&D in form of R&D tax incentives and direct funding across OECD member countries and other major economies. This includes time-series indicators of tax expenditures for R&D, based on the latest OECD data collection on tax incentive support for R&D expenditures. Estimates of the cost of R&D tax support at subnational government level are reported whenever such provisions are applicable and relevant data are available. These estimates of the cost of central and subnational R&D tax relief have been combined with data on direct government funding of business expenditure on R&D (BERD), as compiled by National Statistical Offices based on reports from firms, in order to provide a more complete picture of government efforts to promote business R&D. Furthermore, these estimates are combined with data on Government budget allocations for R&D (GBARD) in the broader context of overall budgetary support for R&D activities undertaken by governments. Government budget allocations for R&D include direct funding provided to all sectors, including contributions to R&D programmes abroad. OECD (2019) provides a practical guide to using the OECD R&D Tax Incentives database, describing the R&D tax incentive time series data and highlighting their potential for internationally comparative work through descriptive indicators and econometric analysis.