Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Indonesia
Indonesia: Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita was 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
20.84 micrograms per cubic meter
Change on year
up 5.5%
World rank
77th
of 200 countries
All-time high
31.38 micrograms per cubic meter
in 1990
All-time low
17.8 micrograms per cubic meter
in 2017
Years of data
34
1990–2023
Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Indonesia, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
The most recent figure for exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Indonesia is 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter, measured in 2023.
That represents a change of up 5.5% on the previous year and up 7.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Indonesia peaked at 31.38 micrograms per cubic meter in 1990 and was at its lowest, 17.8 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2017.
That places Indonesia 77th out of 200 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita in Indonesia, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 31.38 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 30.71 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.1% |
| 1992 | 30.24 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 1993 | 29.77 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.6% |
| 1994 | 29.3 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.6% |
| 1995 | 28.42 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.0% |
| 1996 | 28.35 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.2% |
| 1997 | 27.88 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.7% |
| 1998 | 27.41 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.7% |
| 1999 | 26.94 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.7% |
| 2000 | 26.67 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 2001 | 25.3 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.1% |
| 2002 | 25.89 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.3% |
| 2003 | 24.19 micrograms per cubic meter | -6.6% |
| 2004 | 25.73 micrograms per cubic meter | +6.4% |
| 2005 | 24.89 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 2006 | 22.6 micrograms per cubic meter | -9.2% |
| 2007 | 20.32 micrograms per cubic meter | -10.1% |
| 2008 | 19.53 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.9% |
| 2009 | 21.15 micrograms per cubic meter | +8.3% |
| 2010 | 18.82 micrograms per cubic meter | -11.0% |
| 2011 | 19.81 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.3% |
| 2012 | 20.16 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.8% |
| 2013 | 19.35 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.0% |
| 2014 | 23.91 micrograms per cubic meter | +23.5% |
| 2015 | 25.61 micrograms per cubic meter | +7.1% |
| 2016 | 20.96 micrograms per cubic meter | -18.2% |
| 2017 | 17.8 micrograms per cubic meter | -15.0% |
| 2018 | 20.36 micrograms per cubic meter | +14.4% |
| 2019 | 23.97 micrograms per cubic meter | +17.7% |
| 2020 | 18.86 micrograms per cubic meter | -21.3% |
| 2021 | 19.99 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.9% |
| 2022 | 19.77 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.1% |
| 2023 | 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.5% |
Indonesia compared with similar countries
- Indonesia's 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 18.51 micrograms per cubic meter, 1.1× the median. (58 countries reporting)
- Indonesia's 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 9.77 micrograms per cubic meter, 2.1× the median. (33 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 29.04 micrograms per cubic meter | 26.94 micrograms per cubic meter | 31.38 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 23.63 micrograms per cubic meter | 19.53 micrograms per cubic meter | 26.67 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 21.08 micrograms per cubic meter | 17.8 micrograms per cubic meter | 25.61 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 19.87 micrograms per cubic meter | 18.86 micrograms per cubic meter | 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Indonesia
- 74 North Macedonia 21.81 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 75 North Korea 21.78 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 76 Jamaica 21.65 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 78 Nicaragua 20.42 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 79 Cote d'Ivoire 20.39 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 80 Kenya 20.25 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More economy & growth data for Indonesia
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 4.36 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 5.07 Percent per annum (2029)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 7.93 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0055 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 27.75 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled 22.28 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual -8.21 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0154 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 77.99 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 0.5363 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Indonesia?
- Exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita in Indonesia was 20.84 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita recorded in Indonesia?
- The highest recorded value was 31.38 micrograms per cubic meter in 1990.
- What is the lowest exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita recorded in Indonesia?
- The lowest recorded value was 17.8 micrograms per cubic meter in 2017.
- How does Indonesia rank for exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita?
- Indonesia ranks 77th out of 200 countries with data for 2023.
- Is exposure to pm2.5 air pollution vs. gdp per capita rising or falling in Indonesia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 7.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Indonesia data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), via World Bank (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution vs. GDP per capita. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.