Human Development Index vs. GDP per capita in Estonia
Estonia: Human Development Index vs. GDP per capita was 0.905 in 2023. ▲ Rising
Human Development Index vs. GDP per capita in Estonia, 1990–2023
Source: UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
Analysis
Estonia recorded 0.905 for human development index vs. gdp per capita in 2023. That is the highest value across all 34 years on record.
That represents a change of up 0.3% on the previous year and up 2.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, human development index vs. gdp per capita in Estonia peaked at 0.905 in 2023 and was at its lowest, 0.711, in 1994.
That places Estonia 36th out of 192 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
Human Development Index vs. GDP per capita in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.738 | — |
| 1991 | 0.734 | -0.5% |
| 1992 | 0.722 | -1.6% |
| 1993 | 0.713 | -1.2% |
| 1994 | 0.711 | -0.3% |
| 1995 | 0.725 | +2.0% |
| 1996 | 0.746 | +2.9% |
| 1997 | 0.759 | +1.7% |
| 1998 | 0.767 | +1.1% |
| 1999 | 0.776 | +1.2% |
| 2000 | 0.793 | +2.2% |
| 2001 | 0.802 | +1.1% |
| 2002 | 0.813 | +1.4% |
| 2003 | 0.824 | +1.4% |
| 2004 | 0.834 | +1.2% |
| 2005 | 0.847 | +1.6% |
| 2006 | 0.855 | +0.9% |
| 2007 | 0.859 | +0.5% |
| 2008 | 0.864 | +0.6% |
| 2009 | 0.863 | -0.1% |
| 2010 | 0.868 | +0.6% |
| 2011 | 0.877 | +1.0% |
| 2012 | 0.88 | +0.3% |
| 2013 | 0.887 | +0.8% |
| 2014 | 0.885 | -0.2% |
| 2015 | 0.888 | +0.3% |
| 2016 | 0.89 | +0.2% |
| 2017 | 0.894 | +0.4% |
| 2018 | 0.897 | +0.3% |
| 2019 | 0.901 | +0.4% |
| 2020 | 0.901 | +0.0% |
| 2021 | 0.899 | -0.2% |
| 2022 | 0.902 | +0.3% |
| 2023 | 0.905 | +0.3% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 0.905 is below the median for high income countries, which is 0.913, 99% of the median. (64 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 0.905 is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 0.895, 1.0× the median. (51 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 0.7391 | 0.711 | 0.776 | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.8354 | 0.793 | 0.864 | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.8867 | 0.868 | 0.901 | 10 |
| 2020s | 0.9018 | 0.899 | 0.905 | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -24.28 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0005 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -17.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -838.20 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 75.62 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0178 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -613.4 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 17.56 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0519 includes gold, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per capita 1,785 includes gold, current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is human development index vs. gdp per capita in Estonia?
- Human development index vs. gdp per capita in Estonia was 0.905 in 2023, according to UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest human development index vs. gdp per capita recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 0.905 in 2023.
- What is the lowest human development index vs. gdp per capita recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.711 in 1994.
- How does Estonia rank for human development index vs. gdp per capita?
- Estonia ranks 36th out of 192 countries with data for 2023.
- Is human development index vs. gdp per capita rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 2.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from UNDP, Human Development Report (2025) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Human Development Index vs. GDP per capita. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, a good education, and a decent standard of living. Higher values indicate higher human development.