Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income
Lower middle income: Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre was 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2023)
360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre
Change on year
up 4.4%
Rank
23rd
of 41 groups
All-time high
360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre
in 2023
All-time low
24,193 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre
in 1961
Years of data
63
1961–2023
Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income, 1961–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre.
Analysis
The most recent figure for gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income is 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre, measured in 2023. That is the highest value across all 63 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 4.4% on the previous year and up 57.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income peaked at 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023 and was at its lowest, 24,193 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre, in 1961.
That places Lower middle income 23rd out of 41 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income, year by year
| Year | constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 24,193 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | — |
| 1962 | 25,043 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.5% |
| 1963 | 26,346 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.2% |
| 1964 | 28,450 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +8.0% |
| 1965 | 29,306 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 1966 | 30,082 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 1967 | 30,905 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 1968 | 32,018 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.6% |
| 1969 | 33,471 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.5% |
| 1970 | 35,328 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.5% |
| 1971 | 36,195 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.5% |
| 1972 | 36,533 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +0.9% |
| 1973 | 37,446 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.5% |
| 1974 | 37,558 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +0.3% |
| 1975 | 39,480 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 1976 | 42,373 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +7.3% |
| 1977 | 45,748 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +8.0% |
| 1978 | 48,402 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.8% |
| 1979 | 47,124 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | -2.6% |
| 1980 | 50,116 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +6.4% |
| 1981 | 51,560 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.9% |
| 1982 | 52,996 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.8% |
| 1983 | 54,284 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.4% |
| 1984 | 57,017 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.0% |
| 1985 | 59,540 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.4% |
| 1986 | 61,924 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.0% |
| 1987 | 64,811 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.7% |
| 1988 | 68,592 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.8% |
| 1989 | 69,956 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.0% |
| 1990 | 73,652 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.3% |
| 1991 | 74,711 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1992 | 75,605 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1993 | 77,878 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 1994 | 81,214 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.3% |
| 1995 | 85,926 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.8% |
| 1996 | 90,332 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 1997 | 95,226 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.4% |
| 1998 | 99,767 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.8% |
| 1999 | 105,834 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +6.1% |
| 2000 | 108,344 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.4% |
| 2001 | 113,440 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.7% |
| 2002 | 115,823 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 2003 | 122,149 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.5% |
| 2004 | 132,639 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +8.6% |
| 2005 | 144,661 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +9.1% |
| 2006 | 154,707 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +6.9% |
| 2007 | 170,684 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +10.3% |
| 2008 | 176,716 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.5% |
| 2009 | 185,757 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 2010 | 200,103 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +7.7% |
| 2011 | 210,322 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 2012 | 223,093 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +6.1% |
| 2013 | 229,829 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 2014 | 241,259 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.0% |
| 2015 | 253,916 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.2% |
| 2016 | 268,792 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.9% |
| 2017 | 287,253 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +6.9% |
| 2018 | 303,373 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.6% |
| 2019 | 307,942 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 2020 | 294,704 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | -4.3% |
| 2021 | 327,077 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +11.0% |
| 2022 | 345,730 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +5.7% |
| 2023 | 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | +4.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 28,868 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 24,193 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 33,471 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 9 |
| 1970s | 40,619 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 35,328 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 48,402 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1980s | 59,080 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 50,116 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 69,956 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1990s | 86,014 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 73,652 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 105,834 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2000s | 142,492 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 108,344 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 185,757 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 252,588 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 200,103 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 307,942 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 332,116 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 294,704 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near Lower middle income
- 20 Mauritius 6.91 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 21 Italy 6.69 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 22 Kuwait 6.62 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 23 United Arab Emirates 6.24 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 24 France 5.00 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 25 Austria 4.87 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
- 26 Seychelles 4.84 million constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre compare
More economy & growth data for Lower middle income
- Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 7.59 % change on previous year (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 576.45 current US$ per person (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.2323 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 6.87 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per capita 2,593 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 1.04 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 6.48 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), per capita 2,779 current US$ per person (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), per unit of GDP 1.12 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), annual growth rate 6.13 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income?
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre in Lower middle income was 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre recorded in Lower middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 360,954 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 2023.
- What is the lowest gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre recorded in Lower middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 24,193 constant 2015 US$ per square kilometre in 1961.
- How does Lower middle income rank for gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre?
- Lower middle income ranks 23rd out of 41 groups with data for 2023.
- Is gross national expenditure (constant 2015 us$), per square kilometre rising or falling in Lower middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 57.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Lower middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Gross national expenditure Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.