Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia
Estonia: Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre was 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
Change on year
down 6.4%
World rank
94th
of 181 countries
All-time high
1.29 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
in 2021
All-time low
379,549 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
in 1994
Years of data
32
1992–2023
Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia, 1992–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre.
Analysis
In 2023, gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia stood at 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre.
That represents a change of down 6.4% on the previous year and up 23.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia peaked at 1.29 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2021 and was at its lowest, 379,549 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, in 1994.
Estonia ranks 94th of 181 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 32 years of available data.
Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia, year by year
| Year | international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1992 | 413,220 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | — |
| 1993 | 393,062 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -4.9% |
| 1994 | 379,549 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -3.4% |
| 1995 | 411,875 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +8.5% |
| 1996 | 443,260 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.6% |
| 1997 | 460,896 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.0% |
| 1998 | 463,539 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +0.6% |
| 1999 | 465,747 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +0.5% |
| 2000 | 508,002 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +9.1% |
| 2001 | 535,287 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +5.4% |
| 2002 | 571,043 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +6.7% |
| 2003 | 595,419 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.3% |
| 2004 | 625,520 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +5.1% |
| 2005 | 721,864 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +15.4% |
| 2006 | 769,743 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +6.6% |
| 2007 | 860,644 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +11.8% |
| 2008 | 872,078 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 2009 | 773,388 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -11.3% |
| 2010 | 807,495 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.4% |
| 2011 | 936,044 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +15.9% |
| 2012 | 995,820 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +6.4% |
| 2013 | 973,216 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -2.3% |
| 2014 | 999,324 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 2015 | 976,135 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -2.3% |
| 2016 | 1.01 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.5% |
| 2017 | 1.10 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +8.4% |
| 2018 | 1.15 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +5.3% |
| 2019 | 1.24 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.5% |
| 2020 | 1.23 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -0.4% |
| 2021 | 1.29 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.6% |
| 2022 | 1.28 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -0.7% |
| 2023 | 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -6.4% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre is below the median for high income countries, which is 5.60 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, 21% of the median. (66 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 2.36 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, 51% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 428,894 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 379,549 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 465,747 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 8 |
| 2000s | 683,299 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 508,002 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 872,078 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.02 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 807,495 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.24 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.25 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.29 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 91 Haiti 1.25 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 92 Montenegro 1.24 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 93 Cape Verde 1.23 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 95 Jordan 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 96 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.18 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 97 Nigeria 1.18 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -24.28 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0005 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -17.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -838.20 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 75.62 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0178 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -613.4 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 17.56 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0519 includes gold, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per capita 1,785 includes gold, current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia?
- Gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia was 1.20 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 1.29 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2021.
- What is the lowest gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 379,549 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 1994.
- How does Estonia rank for gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre?
- Estonia ranks 94th out of 181 countries with data for 2023.
- Is gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 23.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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How this figure is calculated
Gross domestic product (GDP) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Gross domestic product (GDP) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Gross domestic product (GDP) Feenstra et al. – Penn World Table (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Gross domestic product (GDP) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.