Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia
Estonia: Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre was 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
Change on year
down 2.7%
World rank
98th
of 198 countries
All-time high
1.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
in 2021
All-time low
476,931 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre
in 1994
Years of data
32
1992–2023
Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia, 1992–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre.
Analysis
In 2023, gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia stood at 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre.
The figure is down 2.7% on the previous year and up 26.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia peaked at 1.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2021 and was at its lowest, 476,931 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, in 1994.
That places Estonia 98th out of 198 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 32 years of available data.
Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre in Estonia, year by year
| Year | international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1992 | 514,426 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | — |
| 1993 | 484,895 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -5.7% |
| 1994 | 476,931 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -1.6% |
| 1995 | 498,521 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.5% |
| 1996 | 523,163 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.9% |
| 1997 | 591,437 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +13.1% |
| 1998 | 617,103 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +4.3% |
| 1999 | 614,480 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -0.4% |
| 2000 | 676,466 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +10.1% |
| 2001 | 716,249 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +5.9% |
| 2002 | 765,905 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +6.9% |
| 2003 | 824,086 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.6% |
| 2004 | 880,130 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +6.8% |
| 2005 | 963,944 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +9.5% |
| 2006 | 1.06 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +9.8% |
| 2007 | 1.14 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.6% |
| 2008 | 1.08 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -5.1% |
| 2009 | 921,840 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -14.6% |
| 2010 | 944,423 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +2.4% |
| 2011 | 1.02 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.6% |
| 2012 | 1.05 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.7% |
| 2013 | 1.05 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -0.8% |
| 2014 | 1.08 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.3% |
| 2015 | 1.10 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 2016 | 1.13 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.1% |
| 2017 | 1.22 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +7.4% |
| 2018 | 1.26 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.7% |
| 2019 | 1.31 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +3.7% |
| 2020 | 1.27 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -2.9% |
| 2021 | 1.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | +8.3% |
| 2022 | 1.36 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -1.2% |
| 2023 | 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | -2.7% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre is below the median for high income countries, which is 6.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, 21% of the median. (74 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 2.73 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre, 48% of the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 540,120 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 476,931 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 617,103 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 8 |
| 2000s | 902,465 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 676,466 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.14 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.12 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 944,423 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.31 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.33 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.27 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 1.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 95 Iraq 1.37 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 96 Sao Tome and Principe 1.33 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 97 Jordan 1.33 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 99 Montenegro 1.26 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 100 Belarus 1.26 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
- 101 Haiti 1.24 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre compare
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -24.28 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0005 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -17.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -838.20 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 75.62 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0178 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -613.4 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 17.56 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0519 includes gold, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per capita 1,785 includes gold, current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia?
- Gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre in Estonia was 1.32 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 1.38 million international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 2021.
- What is the lowest gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 476,931 international-$ in 2021 prices per square kilometre in 1994.
- How does Estonia rank for gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre?
- Estonia ranks 98th out of 198 countries with data for 2023.
- Is gross domestic product (gdp), per square kilometre rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 26.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Gross domestic product (GDP), per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 32 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
Gross domestic product (GDP) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Gross domestic product (GDP) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Gross domestic product (GDP) Eurostat, OECD, IMF, and World Bank (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Gross domestic product (GDP) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.