Gross capital formation in Upper middle income
Upper middle income: Gross capital formation was 33.7% in 2024. ▲ Rising
Gross capital formation in Upper middle income, 1960–2024
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, gross capital formation in Upper middle income stood at 33.7%.
The figure is down 1.4% on the previous year and down 4.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Upper middle income peaked at 36.2% in 2021 and was at its lowest, 17.7%, in 1962.
That places Upper middle income 6th out of 43 groups with data for 2024, putting it in the top quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 65 years of available data.
Gross capital formation in Upper middle income, year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 26.9% | — |
| 1961 | 20.7% | -22.9% |
| 1962 | 17.7% | -14.5% |
| 1963 | 19.3% | +9.0% |
| 1964 | 20.7% | +7.3% |
| 1965 | 22.3% | +7.5% |
| 1966 | 23.1% | +3.9% |
| 1967 | 20.8% | -10.3% |
| 1968 | 21.1% | +1.6% |
| 1969 | 22.1% | +4.7% |
| 1970 | 25.2% | +14.1% |
| 1971 | 25.3% | +0.3% |
| 1972 | 24.7% | -2.3% |
| 1973 | 25.2% | +2.1% |
| 1974 | 25.9% | +2.9% |
| 1975 | 28.4% | +9.6% |
| 1976 | 27.5% | -3.1% |
| 1977 | 27.8% | +0.8% |
| 1978 | 26.8% | -3.4% |
| 1979 | 25.5% | -5.0% |
| 1980 | 27.5% | +8.0% |
| 1981 | 27.8% | +1.1% |
| 1982 | 25.4% | -8.5% |
| 1983 | 25.2% | -0.9% |
| 1984 | 24.5% | -2.9% |
| 1985 | 24.9% | +1.8% |
| 1986 | 23.9% | -4.1% |
| 1987 | 23.7% | -0.6% |
| 1988 | 25.4% | +6.9% |
| 1989 | 25.9% | +2.1% |
| 1990 | 27.1% | +4.4% |
| 1991 | 26.0% | -3.7% |
| 1992 | 26.7% | +2.4% |
| 1993 | 27.2% | +2.1% |
| 1994 | 27.4% | +0.7% |
| 1995 | 26.4% | -3.6% |
| 1996 | 26.6% | +0.9% |
| 1997 | 25.6% | -3.9% |
| 1998 | 24.8% | -3.2% |
| 1999 | 24.0% | -3.2% |
| 2000 | 24.5% | +2.2% |
| 2001 | 25.1% | +2.5% |
| 2002 | 25.9% | +2.9% |
| 2003 | 27.5% | +6.4% |
| 2004 | 29.1% | +5.6% |
| 2005 | 28.5% | -2.0% |
| 2006 | 28.9% | +1.5% |
| 2007 | 29.9% | +3.4% |
| 2008 | 31.7% | +6.1% |
| 2009 | 32.4% | +2.3% |
| 2010 | 33.7% | +4.0% |
| 2011 | 34.3% | +1.6% |
| 2012 | 34.5% | +0.7% |
| 2013 | 35.1% | +1.7% |
| 2014 | 35.1% | +0.1% |
| 2015 | 34.4% | -2.0% |
| 2016 | 34.1% | -1.1% |
| 2017 | 34.3% | +0.6% |
| 2018 | 35.3% | +3.1% |
| 2019 | 34.8% | -1.4% |
| 2020 | 35.4% | +1.6% |
| 2021 | 36.2% | +2.4% |
| 2022 | 35.6% | -1.7% |
| 2023 | 34.2% | -4.0% |
| 2024 | 33.7% | -1.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 21.5% | 17.7% | 26.9% | 10 |
| 1970s | 26.2% | 24.7% | 28.4% | 10 |
| 1980s | 25.4% | 23.7% | 27.8% | 10 |
| 1990s | 26.2% | 24.0% | 27.4% | 10 |
| 2000s | 28.4% | 24.5% | 32.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 34.6% | 33.7% | 35.3% | 10 |
| 2020s | 35.0% | 33.7% | 36.2% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Upper middle income
- 3 Mauritania 44.3% compare
- 4 Bhutan 42.6% compare
- 5 Iran, Islamic Republic of 41.8% compare
- 6 Curaçao 41.1% compare
- 7 Tanzania, United Republic of 40.7% compare
- 8 China 40.5% compare
- 9 Gambia 40.4% compare
More economy & growth data for Upper middle income
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added 2.16 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
- Gross capital formation 2.1% (2025)
- Imports of goods and services 7.97 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Imports of goods and services 23.8% (2025)
- External balance on goods and services 2.1% (2025)
- Trade 48.9% (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.9359 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 10.96 trillion current US$ (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 3.7% (2025)
- Industry (including construction), value added 10.57 trillion constant 2015 US$ (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Upper middle income?
- Gross capital formation in Upper middle income was 33.7% in 2024, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Upper middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 36.2% in 2021.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Upper middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 17.7% in 1962.
- How does Upper middle income rank for gross capital formation?
- Upper middle income ranks 6th out of 43 groups with data for 2024.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Upper middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 4.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Upper middle income data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.