Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income): Gross capital formation was 29.8% in 2025. ▲ Rising
Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income), 1990–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in % of GDP.
Analysis
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) recorded 29.8% for gross capital formation in 2025.
The figure is up 3.0% on the previous year and up 6.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) peaked at 31.1% in 2022 and was at its lowest, 20.2%, in 1999.
That places Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 36 years of available data.
Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income), year by year
| Year | % of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 25.4% | — |
| 1991 | 23.9% | -5.9% |
| 1992 | 26.7% | +11.5% |
| 1993 | 26.8% | +0.6% |
| 1994 | 24.3% | -9.3% |
| 1995 | 25.6% | +5.2% |
| 1996 | 26.0% | +1.4% |
| 1997 | 24.4% | -5.9% |
| 1998 | 23.4% | -4.0% |
| 1999 | 20.2% | -13.7% |
| 2000 | 23.0% | +13.5% |
| 2001 | 20.9% | -9.1% |
| 2002 | 22.0% | +5.6% |
| 2003 | 23.2% | +5.5% |
| 2004 | 25.3% | +8.7% |
| 2005 | 27.1% | +7.3% |
| 2006 | 29.2% | +7.5% |
| 2007 | 29.4% | +1.0% |
| 2008 | 29.1% | -1.2% |
| 2009 | 24.3% | -16.4% |
| 2010 | 26.8% | +10.2% |
| 2011 | 28.4% | +5.9% |
| 2012 | 27.2% | -4.0% |
| 2013 | 27.9% | +2.6% |
| 2014 | 27.5% | -1.7% |
| 2015 | 28.0% | +1.8% |
| 2016 | 28.0% | +0.1% |
| 2017 | 29.5% | +5.5% |
| 2018 | 28.7% | -3.0% |
| 2019 | 26.6% | -7.4% |
| 2020 | 29.2% | +10.1% |
| 2021 | 29.4% | +0.5% |
| 2022 | 31.1% | +5.8% |
| 2023 | 30.4% | -2.1% |
| 2024 | 28.9% | -5.1% |
| 2025 | 29.8% | +3.0% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 24.7% | 20.2% | 26.8% | 10 |
| 2000s | 25.4% | 20.9% | 29.4% | 10 |
| 2010s | 27.9% | 26.6% | 29.5% | 10 |
| 2020s | 29.8% | 28.9% | 31.1% | 6 |
Countries ranked near Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
More economy & growth data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0062 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) 1.77 % change on previous year (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 1,786 current US$ per person (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$), per 0.1606 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) 15.06 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 68.56 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita 20.44 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps 5.18 billion BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit 0.0018 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (current US$), annual growth rate 16.87 % change on previous year (2025)
All data for Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) →
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- Gross capital formation in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) was 29.8% in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- The highest recorded value was 31.1% in 2022.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- The lowest recorded value was 20.2% in 1999.
- How does Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) rank for gross capital formation?
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) ranks 13th out of 43 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income)?
- Over the last ten years it is up 6.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (% of GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.