Gross capital formation in Estonia
Estonia: Gross capital formation was 10.34 billion current LCU in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Gross capital formation in Estonia, 1993–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in current LCU.
Analysis
The most recent figure for gross capital formation in Estonia is 10.34 billion current LCU, measured in 2025. That is the highest value across all 33 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 5.7% on the previous year and up 99.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in Estonia peaked at 10.34 billion current LCU in 2025 and was at its lowest, 394.00 million current LCU, in 1993.
That places Estonia 151st out of 187 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Gross capital formation in Estonia, year by year
| Year | current LCU | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 394.00 million current LCU | — |
| 1994 | 558.61 million current LCU | +41.8% |
| 1995 | 755.79 million current LCU | +35.3% |
| 1996 | 1.01 billion current LCU | +33.8% |
| 1997 | 1.40 billion current LCU | +38.9% |
| 1998 | 1.61 billion current LCU | +14.8% |
| 1999 | 1.40 billion current LCU | -13.2% |
| 2000 | 1.76 billion current LCU | +25.5% |
| 2001 | 2.07 billion current LCU | +17.6% |
| 2002 | 2.58 billion current LCU | +24.7% |
| 2003 | 3.08 billion current LCU | +19.4% |
| 2004 | 3.39 billion current LCU | +10.1% |
| 2005 | 3.78 billion current LCU | +11.7% |
| 2006 | 5.40 billion current LCU | +42.8% |
| 2007 | 6.56 billion current LCU | +21.4% |
| 2008 | 5.26 billion current LCU | -19.9% |
| 2009 | 2.97 billion current LCU | -43.5% |
| 2010 | 3.18 billion current LCU | +7.2% |
| 2011 | 4.26 billion current LCU | +34.0% |
| 2012 | 5.26 billion current LCU | +23.4% |
| 2013 | 5.15 billion current LCU | -2.1% |
| 2014 | 5.44 billion current LCU | +5.7% |
| 2015 | 5.18 billion current LCU | -4.9% |
| 2016 | 5.48 billion current LCU | +5.9% |
| 2017 | 6.31 billion current LCU | +15.1% |
| 2018 | 7.36 billion current LCU | +16.7% |
| 2019 | 7.50 billion current LCU | +1.9% |
| 2020 | 8.26 billion current LCU | +10.1% |
| 2021 | 9.73 billion current LCU | +17.8% |
| 2022 | 10.14 billion current LCU | +4.1% |
| 2023 | 9.64 billion current LCU | -4.9% |
| 2024 | 9.78 billion current LCU | +1.5% |
| 2025 | 10.34 billion current LCU | +5.7% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 10.34 billion current LCU is below the median for high income countries, which is 146.46 billion current LCU, 7% of the median. (67 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 10.34 billion current LCU is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 155.88 billion current LCU, 7% of the median. (52 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 1.02 billion current LCU | 394.00 million current LCU | 1.61 billion current LCU | 7 |
| 2000s | 3.68 billion current LCU | 1.76 billion current LCU | 6.56 billion current LCU | 10 |
| 2010s | 5.51 billion current LCU | 3.18 billion current LCU | 7.50 billion current LCU | 10 |
| 2020s | 9.65 billion current LCU | 8.26 billion current LCU | 10.34 billion current LCU | 6 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), gaps -24.28 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0005 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -17.77 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), gaps filled -838.20 million BoP, current US$ (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), annual 75.62 % change on previous year (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per unit -0.0178 BoP, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$), per capita -613.4 BoP, current US$ per person (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), annual growth rate 17.56 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per unit of GDP 0.0519 includes gold, current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves (includes gold, current US$), per capita 1,785 includes gold, current US$ per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in Estonia?
- Gross capital formation in Estonia was 10.34 billion current LCU in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 10.34 billion current LCU in 2025.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 394.00 million current LCU in 1993.
- How does Estonia rank for gross capital formation?
- Estonia ranks 151st out of 187 countries with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 99.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (current LCU). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This series is expressed in local currency units.