Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in European Union
European Union: Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) was 3.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025. ▲ Rising
Latest (2025)
3.44 trillion constant 2015 US$
Change on year
up 4.0%
Rank
17th
of 40 groups
All-time high
3.51 trillion constant 2015 US$
in 2022
All-time low
1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$
in 1975
Years of data
56
1970–2025
Gross capital formation in European Union, 1970–2025
Source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks. Measured in constant 2015 US$.
Analysis
In 2025, gross capital formation in European Union stood at 3.44 trillion constant 2015 US$.
The figure is up 4.0% on the previous year and up 22.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, gross capital formation in European Union peaked at 3.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2022 and was at its lowest, 1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$, in 1975.
That places European Union 17th out of 40 groups with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 56 years of available data.
Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in European Union, year by year
| Year | constant 2015 US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 1.42 trillion constant 2015 US$ | — |
| 1971 | 1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.9% |
| 1972 | 1.45 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.6% |
| 1973 | 1.57 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.9% |
| 1974 | 1.57 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.1% |
| 1975 | 1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -10.8% |
| 1976 | 1.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +8.1% |
| 1977 | 1.50 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.6% |
| 1978 | 1.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.6% |
| 1979 | 1.62 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.2% |
| 1980 | 1.66 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.1% |
| 1981 | 1.49 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -9.9% |
| 1982 | 1.48 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -1.2% |
| 1983 | 1.47 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.2% |
| 1984 | 1.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.7% |
| 1985 | 1.55 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.6% |
| 1986 | 1.63 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.2% |
| 1987 | 1.69 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.7% |
| 1988 | 1.84 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +8.8% |
| 1989 | 1.99 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.9% |
| 1990 | 2.10 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.5% |
| 1991 | 2.10 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.0% |
| 1992 | 2.06 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -1.5% |
| 1993 | 1.89 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -8.3% |
| 1994 | 2.01 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.0% |
| 1995 | 2.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.0% |
| 1996 | 2.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.2% |
| 1997 | 2.20 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.1% |
| 1998 | 2.34 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +6.7% |
| 1999 | 2.45 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.4% |
| 2000 | 2.58 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.3% |
| 2001 | 2.59 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +0.6% |
| 2002 | 2.53 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -2.6% |
| 2003 | 2.56 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +1.2% |
| 2004 | 2.64 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.4% |
| 2005 | 2.70 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +2.3% |
| 2006 | 2.91 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.6% |
| 2007 | 3.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +7.0% |
| 2008 | 3.07 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -1.3% |
| 2009 | 2.55 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -16.9% |
| 2010 | 2.67 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.5% |
| 2011 | 2.78 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.4% |
| 2012 | 2.59 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -7.1% |
| 2013 | 2.57 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -0.8% |
| 2014 | 2.67 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.0% |
| 2015 | 2.80 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.0% |
| 2016 | 2.89 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.0% |
| 2017 | 3.04 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +5.4% |
| 2018 | 3.18 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.4% |
| 2019 | 3.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.6% |
| 2020 | 3.12 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -6.3% |
| 2021 | 3.38 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +8.4% |
| 2022 | 3.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +3.8% |
| 2023 | 3.39 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -3.4% |
| 2024 | 3.31 trillion constant 2015 US$ | -2.4% |
| 2025 | 3.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ | +4.0% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1.50 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.62 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.63 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.47 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.99 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 1990s | 2.14 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 1.89 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.45 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2000s | 2.72 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.53 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 3.11 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.85 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 2.57 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 3.33 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.36 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 3.12 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 3.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near European Union
- 14 Spain 309.59 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 15 Mexico 296.44 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 16 Saudi Arabia 286.19 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 17 Switzerland 234.70 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 18 Netherlands 187.92 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 19 Iran 184.32 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
- 20 Vietnam 148.92 billion constant 2015 US$ compare
More economy & growth data for European Union
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 2.12 % change on previous year (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), per capita 23,360 current US$ per person (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.4961 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (current US$), annual growth rate 7.29 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per capita 33,955 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.7211 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross national expenditure (current US$), annual growth rate 9.47 % change on previous year (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per unit of GDP 0.5591 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$), per capita 26,328 constant 2015 US$ per person (2025)
- Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$), annual growth rate 2.34 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is gross capital formation in European Union?
- Gross capital formation in European Union was 3.44 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2025, according to Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks.
- What is the highest gross capital formation recorded in European Union?
- The highest recorded value was 3.51 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 2022.
- What is the lowest gross capital formation recorded in European Union?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.40 trillion constant 2015 US$ in 1975.
- How does European Union rank for gross capital formation?
- European Union ranks 17th out of 40 groups with data for 2025.
- Is gross capital formation rising or falling in European Union?
- Over the last ten years it is up 22.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this European Union data come from?
- The figures come from Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks, published as part of Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.