Government debt by instrument coverage — Debt securities and loans in Italy
Italy: Government debt by instrument coverage — Debt securities and loans was 130.12 Percentage of GDP in 2026. ▲ Rising
Government debt by instrument coverage — Debt securities and loans in Italy, 1995–2026
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Percentage of GDP.
Analysis
The most recent figure for government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans in Italy is 130.12 Percentage of GDP, measured in 2026.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.4% on the previous year and up 5.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans in Italy peaked at 138.33 Percentage of GDP in 2021 and was at its lowest, 92.11 Percentage of GDP, in 2003.
Italy ranks 3rd of 25 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 32 years of available data.
Government debt by instrument coverage — Debt securities and loans in Italy, year by year
| Year | Percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 107.71 Percentage of GDP | — |
| 1996 | 106.92 Percentage of GDP | -0.7% |
| 1997 | 108.46 Percentage of GDP | +1.4% |
| 1998 | 104.08 Percentage of GDP | -4.0% |
| 1999 | 102.11 Percentage of GDP | -1.9% |
| 2000 | 99.54 Percentage of GDP | -2.5% |
| 2001 | 96.67 Percentage of GDP | -2.9% |
| 2002 | 96.18 Percentage of GDP | -0.5% |
| 2003 | 92.11 Percentage of GDP | -4.2% |
| 2004 | 94.6 Percentage of GDP | +2.7% |
| 2005 | 94.37 Percentage of GDP | -0.2% |
| 2006 | 93.15 Percentage of GDP | -1.3% |
| 2007 | 92.99 Percentage of GDP | -0.2% |
| 2008 | 92.74 Percentage of GDP | -0.3% |
| 2009 | 98.76 Percentage of GDP | +6.5% |
| 2010 | 105.27 Percentage of GDP | +6.6% |
| 2011 | 105.69 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
| 2012 | 108.8 Percentage of GDP | +2.9% |
| 2013 | 116.01 Percentage of GDP | +6.6% |
| 2014 | 120.75 Percentage of GDP | +4.1% |
| 2015 | 123.44 Percentage of GDP | +2.2% |
| 2016 | 123.29 Percentage of GDP | -0.1% |
| 2017 | 122.09 Percentage of GDP | -1.0% |
| 2018 | 122.29 Percentage of GDP | +0.2% |
| 2019 | 122.46 Percentage of GDP | +0.1% |
| 2020 | 123.47 Percentage of GDP | +0.8% |
| 2021 | 138.33 Percentage of GDP | +12.0% |
| 2022 | 127.45 Percentage of GDP | -7.9% |
| 2023 | 127.15 Percentage of GDP | -0.2% |
| 2024 | 126.64 Percentage of GDP | -0.4% |
| 2025 | 129.55 Percentage of GDP | +2.3% |
| 2026 | 130.12 Percentage of GDP | +0.4% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 105.86 Percentage of GDP | 102.11 Percentage of GDP | 108.46 Percentage of GDP | 5 |
| 2000s | 95.11 Percentage of GDP | 92.11 Percentage of GDP | 99.54 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2010s | 117.01 Percentage of GDP | 105.27 Percentage of GDP | 123.44 Percentage of GDP | 10 |
| 2020s | 128.96 Percentage of GDP | 123.47 Percentage of GDP | 138.33 Percentage of GDP | 7 |
Countries ranked near Italy
- 1 Slovenia 64.5 Percentage of GDP compare
- 1 Japan 195.55 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Poland 61.24 Percentage of GDP compare
- 2 Greece 140.51 Percentage of GDP compare
- 3 Latvia 45.53 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 United States 117.01 Percentage of GDP compare
- 4 Netherlands 43.64 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 Lithuania 42.01 Percentage of GDP compare
- 5 France 116.25 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Belgium 108.88 Percentage of GDP compare
- 6 Estonia 25.11 Percentage of GDP compare
More economy & growth data for Italy
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.18 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 0.8337 Percent per annum (2029)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$), annual growth 6.83 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.8922 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$), per capita 38,640 current US$ per person (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), annual growth 2.33 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), per unit of GDP 0.7896 current LCU per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU), per capita 34,195 current LCU per person (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$), annual 0.4063 % change on previous year (2025)
- Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$), per unit 0.7216 constant 2015 US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans in Italy?
- Government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans in Italy was 130.12 Percentage of GDP in 2026, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans recorded in Italy?
- The highest recorded value was 138.33 Percentage of GDP in 2021.
- What is the lowest government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans recorded in Italy?
- The lowest recorded value was 92.11 Percentage of GDP in 2003.
- How does Italy rank for government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans?
- Italy ranks 3rd out of 25 countries with data for 2026.
- Is government debt by instrument coverage — debt securities and loans rising or falling in Italy?
- Over the last ten years it is up 5.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Italy data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Government debt by instrument coverage — Debt securities and loans. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The magnitude of government debt and debt-to-GDP ratios varies depending on which measure of debt is used. To promote international comparability, the IMF, the OECD and the World Bank have agreed on a set of standard debt measures, which are defined in the Public Sector Debt Statistics Guide for Compilers and Users and the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. Government gross debt is shown in four categories: D1 to D4. D1 is the narrowest measure, comprising only two financial instruments: debt securities and loans. D4 (‘total gross debt’) is the broadest measure and includes debt securities, loans, Special Drawing Rights, currency and deposits, other accounts payable and insurance, pensions and standardised guarantees. The D1 to D3 measures are comparable between OECD countries. D4 is the preferred measure of debt in the international accounting standards (System of National Accounts or SNA) but cross-country comparability is more difficult for D4 because countries have different approaches to recording unfunded pension liabilities for government employees. For more information, please see the document: Measuring Government Debt: D1-D4