Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) in Nigeria
Nigeria: Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) was 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Foreign direct investment, net outflows in Nigeria, 1977–2025
Source: Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D. Measured in BoP, current US$.
Analysis
Nigeria recorded 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ for foreign direct investment, net outflows in 2025.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 190.8% on the previous year and down 17.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, foreign direct investment, net outflows in Nigeria peaked at 1.82 billion BoP, current US$ in 2021 and was at its lowest, -260.75 million BoP, current US$, in 2004.
That places Nigeria 51st out of 193 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) in Nigeria, year by year
| Year | BoP, current US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1977 | 0 BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1978 | 0 BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1979 | 4.97 million BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1980 | 4.55 million BoP, current US$ | -8.4% |
| 1981 | 8.22 million BoP, current US$ | +80.7% |
| 1982 | -27.00 million BoP, current US$ | -428.3% |
| 1983 | 861,000 BoP, current US$ | -103.2% |
| 1984 | 1.50 million BoP, current US$ | +74.3% |
| 1985 | 1.85 million BoP, current US$ | +23.1% |
| 1986 | 14.41 million BoP, current US$ | +680.2% |
| 1987 | -7.89 million BoP, current US$ | -154.7% |
| 1988 | 5.06 million BoP, current US$ | -164.1% |
| 1989 | 797.75 million BoP, current US$ | +15662.7% |
| 1990 | 414.60 million BoP, current US$ | -48.0% |
| 1991 | 411.50 million BoP, current US$ | -0.7% |
| 1992 | 260.10 million BoP, current US$ | -36.8% |
| 1993 | 532.70 million BoP, current US$ | +104.8% |
| 1994 | 328.20 million BoP, current US$ | -38.4% |
| 1995 | 191.75 million BoP, current US$ | -41.6% |
| 1996 | 597.18 million BoP, current US$ | +211.4% |
| 1997 | 102.97 million BoP, current US$ | -82.8% |
| 1998 | 158.80 million BoP, current US$ | +54.2% |
| 1999 | 172.82 million BoP, current US$ | +8.8% |
| 2000 | 168.94 million BoP, current US$ | -2.2% |
| 2001 | 93.88 million BoP, current US$ | -44.4% |
| 2002 | 172.16 million BoP, current US$ | +83.4% |
| 2003 | 167.32 million BoP, current US$ | -2.8% |
| 2004 | -260.75 million BoP, current US$ | -255.8% |
| 2005 | 14.64 million BoP, current US$ | -105.6% |
| 2006 | 319.62 million BoP, current US$ | +2083.9% |
| 2007 | 867.68 million BoP, current US$ | +171.5% |
| 2008 | 1.05 billion BoP, current US$ | +21.2% |
| 2009 | 1.53 billion BoP, current US$ | +45.1% |
| 2010 | 911.72 million BoP, current US$ | -40.2% |
| 2011 | 816.76 million BoP, current US$ | -10.4% |
| 2012 | 1.53 billion BoP, current US$ | +87.3% |
| 2013 | 1.23 billion BoP, current US$ | -19.8% |
| 2014 | 1.61 billion BoP, current US$ | +31.5% |
| 2015 | 1.44 billion BoP, current US$ | -11.1% |
| 2016 | 335.46 million BoP, current US$ | -76.6% |
| 2017 | 310.83 million BoP, current US$ | -7.3% |
| 2018 | 565.57 million BoP, current US$ | +82.0% |
| 2019 | 285.32 million BoP, current US$ | -49.6% |
| 2020 | 1.47 billion BoP, current US$ | +416.4% |
| 2021 | 1.82 billion BoP, current US$ | +23.4% |
| 2022 | -67.06 million BoP, current US$ | -103.7% |
| 2023 | 255.84 million BoP, current US$ | -481.5% |
| 2024 | 407.95 million BoP, current US$ | +59.5% |
| 2025 | 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ | +190.8% |
Nigeria compared with similar countries
- Nigeria's 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 38.34 million BoP, current US$, 30.9× the median. (45 countries reporting)
- Nigeria's 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 13.73 million BoP, current US$, 86.4× the median. (45 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$) in Nigeria changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | +15662.7% | 5.06 million BoP, current US$ | 797.75 million BoP, current US$ |
| 2006 | +2083.9% | 14.64 million BoP, current US$ | 319.62 million BoP, current US$ |
| 1986 | +680.2% | 1.85 million BoP, current US$ | 14.41 million BoP, current US$ |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1.66 million BoP, current US$ | 0 BoP, current US$ | 4.97 million BoP, current US$ | 3 |
| 1980s | 79.93 million BoP, current US$ | -27.00 million BoP, current US$ | 797.75 million BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 1990s | 317.06 million BoP, current US$ | 102.97 million BoP, current US$ | 597.18 million BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2000s | 412.01 million BoP, current US$ | -260.75 million BoP, current US$ | 1.53 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 903.27 million BoP, current US$ | 285.32 million BoP, current US$ | 1.61 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 845.74 million BoP, current US$ | -67.06 million BoP, current US$ | 1.82 billion BoP, current US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Nigeria
More economy & growth data for Nigeria
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 04 - Annual real GDP 1.04 Percent per annum (2029)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 02 - Annual real GDP 3.32 Percent per annum (2029)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, annual growth rate 3.99 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0148 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per capita 18.13 units per person (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, annual growth rate -0.9704 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per unit of GDP 0.0108 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per capita 13.24 units per person (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, annual growth rate -17.26 % change on previous year (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0107 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is foreign direct investment, net outflows in Nigeria?
- Foreign direct investment, net outflows in Nigeria was 1.19 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025, according to Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D.
- What is the highest foreign direct investment, net outflows recorded in Nigeria?
- The highest recorded value was 1.82 billion BoP, current US$ in 2021.
- What is the lowest foreign direct investment, net outflows recorded in Nigeria?
- The lowest recorded value was -260.75 million BoP, current US$ in 2004.
- How does Nigeria rank for foreign direct investment, net outflows?
- Nigeria ranks 51st out of 193 countries with data for 2025.
- Is foreign direct investment, net outflows rising or falling in Nigeria?
- Over the last ten years it is down 17.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Nigeria data come from?
- The figures come from Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D, published as part of Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.