Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Estonia
Estonia: Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) was -1.03 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Estonia, 1992–2025
Source: Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D. Measured in BoP, current US$.
Analysis
The most recent figure for foreign direct investment, net inflows in Estonia is -1.03 billion BoP, current US$, measured in 2025.
The figure is up 69.8% on the previous year and down 44.2% over ten years.
Over the whole period, foreign direct investment, net inflows in Estonia peaked at 7.53 billion BoP, current US$ in 2021 and was at its lowest, -3.42 billion BoP, current US$, in 2024.
Estonia ranks 195th of 204 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) in Estonia, year by year
| Year | BoP, current US$ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1992 | 82.27 million BoP, current US$ | — |
| 1993 | 168.37 million BoP, current US$ | +104.7% |
| 1994 | 218.45 million BoP, current US$ | +29.7% |
| 1995 | 206.81 million BoP, current US$ | -5.3% |
| 1996 | 165.85 million BoP, current US$ | -19.8% |
| 1997 | 274.05 million BoP, current US$ | +65.2% |
| 1998 | 595.59 million BoP, current US$ | +117.3% |
| 1999 | 325.89 million BoP, current US$ | -45.3% |
| 2000 | 416.21 million BoP, current US$ | +27.7% |
| 2001 | 592.89 million BoP, current US$ | +42.4% |
| 2002 | 338.23 million BoP, current US$ | -43.0% |
| 2003 | 1.04 billion BoP, current US$ | +207.0% |
| 2004 | 1.09 billion BoP, current US$ | +4.7% |
| 2005 | 3.06 billion BoP, current US$ | +181.3% |
| 2006 | 1.76 billion BoP, current US$ | -42.5% |
| 2007 | 3.03 billion BoP, current US$ | +72.5% |
| 2008 | 1.98 billion BoP, current US$ | -34.8% |
| 2009 | 1.87 billion BoP, current US$ | -5.6% |
| 2010 | 2.59 billion BoP, current US$ | +38.9% |
| 2011 | 1.12 billion BoP, current US$ | -56.8% |
| 2012 | 1.79 billion BoP, current US$ | +59.7% |
| 2013 | 1.10 billion BoP, current US$ | -38.6% |
| 2014 | 1.78 billion BoP, current US$ | +62.3% |
| 2015 | -715.47 million BoP, current US$ | -140.2% |
| 2016 | 925.76 million BoP, current US$ | -229.4% |
| 2017 | 1.74 billion BoP, current US$ | +87.5% |
| 2018 | 1.27 billion BoP, current US$ | -26.6% |
| 2019 | 3.11 billion BoP, current US$ | +144.4% |
| 2020 | 3.82 billion BoP, current US$ | +22.8% |
| 2021 | 7.53 billion BoP, current US$ | +96.8% |
| 2022 | 1.73 billion BoP, current US$ | -77.0% |
| 2023 | 5.20 billion BoP, current US$ | +200.1% |
| 2024 | -3.42 billion BoP, current US$ | -165.8% |
| 2025 | -1.03 billion BoP, current US$ | -69.8% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's -1.03 billion BoP, current US$ is below the median for high income countries, which is 2.99 billion BoP, current US$. (73 countries reporting)
- Estonia's -1.03 billion BoP, current US$ is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.65 billion BoP, current US$. (51 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 254.66 million BoP, current US$ | 82.27 million BoP, current US$ | 595.59 million BoP, current US$ | 8 |
| 2000s | 1.52 billion BoP, current US$ | 338.23 million BoP, current US$ | 3.06 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.47 billion BoP, current US$ | -715.47 million BoP, current US$ | 3.11 billion BoP, current US$ | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.30 billion BoP, current US$ | -3.42 billion BoP, current US$ | 7.53 billion BoP, current US$ | 6 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 192 Trinidad and Tobago -794.39 million BoP, current US$ compare
- 193 Iceland -834.95 million BoP, current US$ compare
- 194 Kazakhstan -916.40 million BoP, current US$ compare
- 196 Papua New Guinea -1.18 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 197 South Africa -2.16 billion BoP, current US$ compare
- 198 Norway -7.08 billion BoP, current US$ compare
More economy & growth data for Estonia
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, annual growth rate 4.99 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0087 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, US dollar, per capita 299.84 units per person (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, annual growth rate -0.0241 % change on previous year (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per unit of GDP 0.0064 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- SDRs holdings, SDR, per capita 218.94 units per person (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, annual growth rate 3.83 % change on previous year (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0053 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, US dollar, per capita 181.11 units per person (2025)
- IMF holdings of currency, SDR, annual growth rate -1.12 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is foreign direct investment, net inflows in Estonia?
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows in Estonia was -1.03 billion BoP, current US$ in 2025, according to Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D.
- What is the highest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 7.53 billion BoP, current US$ in 2021.
- What is the lowest foreign direct investment, net inflows recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was -3.42 billion BoP, current US$ in 2024.
- How does Estonia rank for foreign direct investment, net inflows?
- Estonia ranks 195th out of 204 countries with data for 2025.
- Is foreign direct investment, net inflows rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 44.2%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Balance of Payments database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), note: International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and D, published as part of Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.