Environmentally related tax revenue by country
<!DOCTYPE html> ERTR Database body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } p { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } Environmentally related taxes are effective policy instruments to shape relative prices of goods and services. The Environmental Related Tax Revenue Database (ERTR)...
What the numbers show
Environmentally related tax revenue is currently reported for 119 countries. The highest value is 4.06 Percentage of GDP in Serbia; the lowest is 0 Percentage of GDP in Samoa.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.08 Percentage of GDP, and the mean is 1.15 Percentage of GDP.
Over the past decade 43 countries rose and 73 fell. The largest increase was in Chad (up 1,095.1%), and the largest decrease in Venezuela (down 100.0%).
Environmentally related tax revenue: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Serbia | 4.06 Percentage of GDP | 2016 | up 43.0% | rising |
| 2 | Seychelles | 3.35 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 19.0% | falling |
| 3 | Montenegro | 2.96 Percentage of GDP | 2006 | — | volatile |
| 4 | Guinea | 2.94 Percentage of GDP | 2022 | down 9.5% | rising |
| 5 | Greece | 2.86 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 23.7% | rising |
| 6 | Bulgaria | 2.84 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 0.6% | rising |
| 7 | Italy | 2.68 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 23.9% | falling |
| 8 | Gambia | 2.39 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 45.0% | rising |
| 9 | Portugal | 2.28 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 1.5% | falling |
| 10 | Ukraine | 2.19 Percentage of GDP | 2019 | up 223.6% | volatile |
| 11 | Finland | 2.19 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 12 | Israel | 2.1 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 17.5% | falling |
| 13 | Denmark | 2.07 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 48.3% | falling |
| 14 | Solomon Islands | 2.05 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 59.1% | rising |
| 15 | France | 2.04 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 14.1% | flat |
| 16 | Kenya | 2.02 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 4.1% | falling |
| 17 | Austria | 2 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 18 | Costa Rica | 1.99 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 13.4% | rising |
| 19 | Belgium | 1.99 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 20 | Hungary | 1.94 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 29.6% | falling |
| 21 | Mali | 1.92 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 88.5% | falling |
| 22 | Uganda | 1.92 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 18.2% | falling |
| 23 | United Kingdom | 1.88 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 19.6% | falling |
| 24 | Iceland | 1.88 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 10.0% | falling |
| 25 | Liberia | 1.85 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 35.8% | rising |
| 26 | Cyprus | 1.84 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 32.4% | falling |
| 27 | Mauritius | 1.83 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 29.1% | rising |
| 28 | South Africa | 1.83 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 29 | Lao People’s Democratic Republic | 1.8 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 117.8% | volatile |
| 30 | Czechia | 1.72 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 30.7% | falling |
| 31 | Germany | 1.68 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 32 | Dominican Republic | 1.67 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 33 | Suriname | 1.65 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 35.3% | volatile |
| 34 | Bahamas | 1.62 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 16.9% | flat |
| 35 | Romania | 1.59 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 22.8% | flat |
| 36 | Sweden | 1.58 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 27.9% | falling |
| 37 | Grenada | 1.56 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 38 | Spain | 1.54 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 17.6% | falling |
| 39 | Bhutan | 1.53 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 13.0% | falling |
| 40 | Malta | 1.51 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 40.4% | falling |
| 41 | Uruguay | 1.5 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 5.9% | falling |
| 42 | Australia | 1.49 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 39.8% | falling |
| 43 | Switzerland | 1.44 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 10.6% | flat |
| 44 | Norway | 1.38 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 32.2% | falling |
| 45 | Senegal | 1.37 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 46 | Tunisia | 1.35 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | up 14.9% | falling |
| 47 | OECD | 1.33 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 18.5% | falling |
| 48 | Mexico | 1.32 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 782.0% | volatile |
| 49 | Honduras | 1.32 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 39.2% | falling |
| 50 | India | 1.3 Percentage of GDP | 2018 | up 15.8% | flat |
| 51 | Pakistan | 1.25 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 52.1% | volatile |
| 52 | Chile | 1.23 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 53 | Canada | 1.2 Percentage of GDP | 2020 | up 3.7% | falling |
| 54 | New Zealand | 1.2 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 28.8% | flat |
| 55 | Luxembourg | 1.19 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 37.3% | falling |
| 56 | Saint Lucia | 1.14 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 130.6% | volatile |
| 57 | Kazakhstan | 1.14 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 56.5% | rising |
| 58 | Sierra Leone | 1.1 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 25.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Mongolia | 1.1 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 12.7% | falling |
| 60 | Jamaica | 1.08 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 38.2% | rising |
| 61 | Japan | 1.08 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 21.4% | falling |
| 62 | Maldives | 1.08 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 63 | Nicaragua | 1.07 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 16.7% | falling |
| 64 | Burkina Faso | 1.07 Percentage of GDP | 2020 | up 60.2% | rising |
| 65 | Rwanda | 1.04 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 66 | Georgia | 1.02 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 67 | Ghana | 1.01 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 138.2% | volatile |
| 68 | Philippines | 1 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 133.3% | flat |
| 69 | Armenia | 0.9921 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 36.2% | volatile |
| 70 | Ireland | 0.9479 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 59.4% | falling |
| 71 | Nauru | 0.8901 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 43.9% | volatile |
| 72 | Brazil | 0.8796 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 14.0% | flat |
| 73 | Sri Lanka | 0.8655 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 26.7% | volatile |
| 74 | Gabon | 0.8502 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 60.3% | rising |
| 75 | Paraguay | 0.8499 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 19.0% | flat |
| 76 | Zambia | 0.7736 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 10.1% | volatile |
| 77 | Guatemala | 0.7345 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 2.5% | falling |
| 78 | Malaysia | 0.7102 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 8.7% | flat |
| 79 | Argentina | 0.6519 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 47.8% | rising |
| 80 | Guyana | 0.6448 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 78.8% | volatile |
| 81 | United States | 0.6363 Percentage of GDP | 2021 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 82 | China (People’s Republic of) | 0.6038 Percentage of GDP | 2021 | down 55.0% | rising |
| 83 | Togo | 0.5921 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 20.1% | rising |
| 84 | Colombia | 0.5862 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 27.9% | flat |
| 85 | Bolivia | 0.5681 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 56.9% | volatile |
| 86 | Barbados | 0.5639 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 89.1% | volatile |
| 87 | Cameroon | 0.5314 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 25.9% | falling |
| 88 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.5024 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 42.0% | volatile |
| 89 | El Salvador | 0.4858 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 0.6% | volatile |
| 90 | Malawi | 0.4514 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 21.4% | volatile |
| 91 | Tonga | 0.4221 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 44.2% | volatile |
| 92 | Peru | 0.3973 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 15.7% | volatile |
| 93 | Albania | 0.3954 Percentage of GDP | 2006 | down 54.9% | falling |
| 94 | Chad | 0.3811 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 1,095.1% | volatile |
| 95 | Panama | 0.3751 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 37.5% | volatile |
| 96 | Egypt | 0.307 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 5.3% | volatile |
| 97 | Ecuador | 0.2829 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 40.9% | rising |
| 98 | Botswana | 0.2797 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 19.0% | falling |
| 99 | Morocco | 0.2789 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 82.6% | falling |
| 100 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.2445 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 45.4% | volatile |
| 101 | Niger | 0.2141 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 22.5% | falling |
| 102 | Singapore | 0.2138 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 26.8% | falling |
| 103 | Liechtenstein | 0.2117 Percentage of GDP | 2021 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 104 | Marshall Islands | 0.2083 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 105 | Côte d’Ivoire | 0.1256 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 0.4% | falling |
| 106 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.1243 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 64.6% | falling |
| 107 | Azerbaijan | 0.1076 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 62.0% | volatile |
| 108 | Belize | 0.0965 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 21.6% | falling |
| 109 | Hong Kong (China) | 0.0718 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 30.9% | volatile |
| 110 | Mozambique | 0.0516 Percentage of GDP | 2023 | down 93.7% | volatile |
| 111 | Bangladesh | 0.0422 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 34.7% | falling |
| 112 | Namibia | 0.0351 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 7.5% | volatile |
| 113 | Congo | 0.017 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 4.0% | volatile |
| 114 | Nigeria | 0.0074 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 47.1% | volatile |
| 115 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0029 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | down 71.3% | volatile |
| 116 | Somalia | 0 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 117 | Cambodia | 0 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | — | volatile |
| 117 | Venezuela | 0 Percentage of GDP | 2014 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 117 | Samoa | 0 Percentage of GDP | 2024 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Croatia 2.93 Percentage of GDP
- Slovak Republic 1.9 Percentage of GDP
- Lesotho 1.86 Percentage of GDP
- Eswatini 1.69 Percentage of GDP
- Madagascar 1.52 Percentage of GDP
- Mauritania 1.51 Percentage of GDP
- Korea 1.38 Percentage of GDP
- Equatorial Guinea 0.4036 Percentage of GDP
- Fiji 0.4015 Percentage of GDP
- Cabo Verde 0.2715 Percentage of GDP
About this data
<!DOCTYPE html> ERTR Database body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } p { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } Environmentally related taxes are effective policy instruments to shape relative prices of goods and services. The Environmental Related Tax Revenue Database (ERTR) categorises taxes based on their environmental relevance, constructing environmentally related tax revenue with a breakdown by tax-base category (including energy, transport, pollution, and resources) and 22 environmental domains. Note that tax-base categories are mutually exclusive, while domains are not. Therefore, one should not aggregate revenue across domains as it may lead to double counting. Data source(s): ERTR draws from the OECD Policy Instruments for the Environment (PINE) database. The database contains detailed qualitative and quantitative information on environmentally related taxes and fees, tradable permits and offsets, deposit-refund schemes, environmentally beneficial subsidies and payments and voluntary approaches used for environmental policy. It is updated annually and covers OECD member countries, accession countries and selected non-OECD countries. The data has been cross-validated and complemented with Revenue statistics from the Global Revenue Statistics databases, Eurostat National Tax Lists, and official national sources. Contact: pinedatabase@oecd.org Dataset release date: July 2026 For further details on the dataset consult the dataset documentation and oe.cd/pine. For revenue data at the individual-tax level, please consult https://oe.cd/pinedatabase.